Kartvelian etymology : Query result

Proto-Kartvelian: *rg-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: быть полезным, годиться

English meaning: to be useful

Georgian: rg-, warg-

Megrel: rg-

Svan: rg-, marg-

Laz: rg-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 81 (*warg / (w)rg), EWK 280. Ср. ПИЕ *algʷh-.

Proto-Kartvelian: *r-, *ar-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: быть

English meaning: to be

Georgian: r-, ar-

Megrel: r-, or-

Svan: r-, ar-

Laz: r-, or-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 154-155, EWK 275-276. В МССHЯ 332 сравнивается с урал. *le- 'быть, стать'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *rḳina-

Russian meaning: железо

English meaning: iron

Georgian: (r)ḳina-

Megrel: (r)ḳina-

Laz: (?) erḳina-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 156. Ср. ПВК *rʕēnq̇wɨ 'замок ( > 'железо')', см. NCED 943-944.

Proto-Kartvelian: *rḳw-

Russian meaning: чистить, разбирать

English meaning: to clean, to take apart

Georgian: rḳv-

Svan: rḳ-ǝn-

Svan meaning (Rus.): чистить

Svan meaning (Eng.): to clean

Notes and references: EWK 288.

Proto-Kartvelian: *rt-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: соединять, делать(ся) цельным

English meaning: to join, make whole

Georgian: rt-; mrteli, mteli 'whole, healthy'

Megrel: [rt]; tar-i 'healthy'

Laz: [rt]

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 136, EWK 244 (в обоих источниках приводятся только формы, восходящие к *m-rt-eli 'целый, здоровый'). Не исключена этимологическая связь с *ert- "один" (q.v.).

Proto-Kartvelian: *rt-

Russian meaning: делать

English meaning: to do

Georgian: rt-

Georgian meaning (Rus.): делать, начинать

Georgian meaning (Engl.): to do, to begin

Megrel: rt-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): делать

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to do

Notes and references: EWK 287.

Proto-Kartvelian: *rtw-

Russian meaning: покрывать

English meaning: to cover

Georgian: rt(v)-

Megrel: rt(v)-

Laz: rt(v)-, tu-, tv-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 156, EWK 287-288.

Proto-Kartvelian: *rum-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: темнеть

English meaning: to get dark

Georgian: rum-

Megrel: rum-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 157, EWK 288. Долгопольский (1992), а вслед за ним Бомхард (1996, 212-213) сопоставляют с ПИЕ *remǝ- 'темный', ПФУ *r[ü]mke id.

Proto-Kartvelian: *rǯw-

Russian meaning: побеждать, одолевать; ловкий; правый

English meaning: to overcome, win; nimble; right

Georgian: marǯw-e 'nimble', marǯw- 'to overcome', marǯw-ena 'right'

Megrel: morʒgw- 'successful; to overcome'; marʒgw-an- 'right'

Svan: lärsgw-än-, lersgw-en 'right'

Laz: marʒgw-an- 'right side'

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 128, EWK 291. Как и "левый", повидимому, СК происхождения: ср. ПСК *Hānʒ́_Ĕ 'правый' (NCED 544; распространены формы типа лак. urč̣a и ПЛ *[ħ]arč̣:-, восходящие к *Hānʒ́_V-rV- с адъективным суффиксом *-rV-).

Proto-Kartvelian: *ś-

Russian meaning: местоименная основа

English meaning: pronominal stem

Georgian: e-s-e 'this', i-s-i 'that', e-s-re 'so'

Megrel: a-š-i, ta-š-i, e-š-i, te-š-i

Megrel meaning (Rus.): так

Megrel meaning (Eng.): so

Svan: e-š-i

Svan meaning (Rus.): несмотря на

Svan meaning (Eng.): despite

Laz: a-š-o, e-š-o

Laz meaning (Rus.): так

Laz meaning (Eng.): so

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 173, EWK 310. Ср. ПИЕ *so- 'этот, тот', ПФУ *sä 'он, она' (см. Бомхард 1996, 163); ср. также алт. *sV 'тот'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *sa-

Russian meaning: вопросительная основа

English meaning: interrogative stem

Georgian: sad(a) 'where', sa-me 'somewhere'

Megrel: so 'where'

Laz: so

Laz meaning (Rus.): где

Laz meaning (Eng.): where

Notes and references: Кл, EWK 293-294. Ср. ПСК *s_āj 'что'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *sal-

Russian meaning: высокий, крутой

English meaning: high, steep

Georgian: sal-

Megrel: sol-

Notes and references: EWK 294.

Proto-Kartvelian: *sam-

Russian meaning: три

English meaning: three

Georgian: sam-

Megrel: sum-

Svan: sam-, sem-, sm-

Laz: sum-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 161, EWK 294.

Proto-Kartvelian: *sar- / sr-

Russian meaning: стрела, стрелять

English meaning: arrow, to shoot

Georgian: sr- 'to shoot', i-sar- 'arrow'

Megrel: i-sǝnd-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): копье

Megrel meaning (Eng.): spear

Laz: i-siǯ-

Laz meaning (Rus.): стрела

Laz meaning (Eng.): arrow

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 161-162, EWK 294-295.

Proto-Kartvelian: *śar- / śr-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: уничтожать

English meaning: to destroy

Georgian: sar-, sr-

Megrel: šǝr-, šir-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): износиться, выпариться

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to wear away, to vaporize

Laz: šir-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 177-178, EWK 311-312. Сближение с ПИЕ *ser- 'расщеплять, раздирать', фин.-перм. *särV 'ломать' см. Бомхард 1996, 163.

Proto-Kartvelian: *sax-

Russian meaning: производить, порождать

English meaning: to produce, to bear

Georgian: sax-

Svan: säx-, sx-

Notes and references: EWK 295.

Proto-Kartvelian: *(s)a-xl-

Russian meaning: дом

English meaning: house

Georgian: saxl-

Megrel: xor-ua- 'to move in', oxora-skil- 'brother-in-law, sister-in-law'

Laz: oxor-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 171 (возводится к *xl- 'быть среди, около'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *saǯ-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: судить

English meaning: to judge

Georgian: saǯ- / sǯ-

Georgian meaning (Rus.): судить, наказывать; rǯ-ul- 'закон, вера'

Georgian meaning (Engl.): to judge, punish; rǯ-ul 'law, creed'

Megrel: zoǯ- ( < *soǯg-)

Megrel meaning (Rus.): изволить

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to be willing to

Svan: sgoǯ- ( < Megr.?)

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 162.

Proto-Kartvelian: *sel-

Russian meaning: лен

English meaning: flax

Georgian: sel-

Megrel: (p)su

Laz: o-sul-u 'to separate hemp into threads', sul-er- 'fibre'

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 162, EWK 295-296.

Proto-Kartvelian: *sem-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: слышать

English meaning: to hear

Georgian: sem-, sm-

Megrel: sim-, sǝm-

Svan: sǝm-, sim-, sm-

Laz: sim-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 164-165, EWK 296-297.