Kartvelian etymology : Query result

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣad-

Russian meaning: восклицать

English meaning: to exclaim

Georgian: ɣad-

Svan: ɣd-

Svan meaning (Rus.): советовать

Svan meaning (Eng.): to advise

Laz: ɣod-

Laz meaning (Rus.): говорить; делать

Laz meaning (Eng.): to speak; to do

Notes and references: EWK 383. ? ПИЕ *(H)ad- 'постановлять'?

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣal-/ɣl-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: утомляться

English meaning: to get tired

Georgian: ɣal-, ɣl-

Megrel: ɣol-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): делать

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to do

Svan: ɣl-

Svan meaning (Rus.): ждать

Svan meaning (Eng.): to wait

Notes and references: EWK 384.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣalp-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: слабый

English meaning: weak

Georgian: Gur. ɣalp-

Notes and references: В ОСНЯ 1, 240 основа сравнивается с ПИЕ *(H)alp- 'слабый', алт. *alpa 'больной, немощный'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣam-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: ночь, вечер

English meaning: night, evening

Georgian: ɣame, saɣamo

Megrel: ɣuma

Megrel meaning (Rus.): вчера вечером

Megrel meaning (Eng.): yesterday evening

Laz: ɣoma(n)

Laz meaning (Rus.): вчера

Laz meaning (Eng.): yesterday

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 200-201, EWK 384. Ср. ПЛ *χ:Iam:- 'вечер, ночь'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣar-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: желоб, боpозда

English meaning: gutter, furrow

Georgian: ɣar-

Georgian meaning (Rus.): желоб, боpозда

Georgian meaning (Engl.): gutter, furrow

Megrel: ɣore

Megrel meaning (Rus.): мельничный желоб, запpуда (деpевянная)

Megrel meaning (Eng.): mill gutter, wooden dam

Svan: ɣär-

Svan meaning (Rus.): Schlucht

Svan meaning (Eng.): Schlucht

Notes and references: Кл; EWK 385. Ср. ПИЕ *Har- 'пахать, борозда'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣar-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: умереть

English meaning: to die

Megrel: ɣur-

Svan: ɣar-, ɣr-

Laz: ɣur-

Notes and references: EWK 385.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣar-/ɣr-; *ɣarɣar-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: кричать, петь

English meaning: to cry, sing

Georgian: ɣr-ial-, mɣer-; ɣaɣad-

Megrel: ɣor-, ɣwar-; ɣarɣal-

Svan: ɣar-, ɣr-

Laz: mɣor- 'to cry'; ɣa(r)ɣal- 'to speak'

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 201, EWK 385-386. Ср. ПИЕ *ōr-, *ǝr- 'говорить, звать]; алт. *ir[o] 'песня', драв. *ir- 'звучать, реветь', *ār- 'кричать' (возможно, более, чем один корень) (см. МССHЯ 345).

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣeb-

Russian meaning: красить

English meaning: to paint

Georgian: ɣeb-

Megrel: ɣap-

Laz: ɣap-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 201, EWK 386.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣeč̣- / *ɣič̣-

Russian meaning: жевать

English meaning: to chew

Georgian: ɣeč̣-; ɣič̣-n- 'to rub, chew'

Megrel: ɣač̣-; xič̣on-, xič̣or- 'to rub, gnaw'

Svan: ɣarč̣- ( < Megr.?)

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 202-203, 204, EWK 389. Ср. *ɣač̣- 'челюсть'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣeɣ-

Russian meaning: обнажать(ся), расстегивать(ся)

English meaning: to undress, to unbutton

Georgian: ɣeɣ-

Laz: ɣaɣ-

Laz meaning (Rus.): прочесывать (durchwühlen, durchsuchen, stöbern, stochern)

Laz meaning (Eng.): to comb (durchwühlen, durchsuchen, stöbern, stochern)

Notes and references: EWK 389.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣel-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: волноваться

English meaning: to bother

Georgian: ɣel-

Megrel: ɣal-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): пугаться

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to be scared

Notes and references: EWK 387. Ср. алт. *ali 'сердиться, нервничать', драв. *aḷu- 'сердиться'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣel-

Russian meaning: овраг

English meaning: ravine

Georgian: ɣele-

Megrel: ɣal-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): речка, ручей

Megrel meaning (Eng.): stream, river

Svan: ɣel(a)- ( < Georg.)

Svan meaning (Rus.): речка

Svan meaning (Eng.): river

Laz: ɣal-

Laz meaning (Rus.): речка, ручей

Laz meaning (Eng.): river, stream

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 202, EWK 387-388. Вероятно кавк. происхождение: ср. ПСК *q̇wiɫǝ 'овраг' (NCED 939). Непосредственным источником могла быть форма типа ранне-ПН *ʕālVj (откуда инг. äli 'ущелье').

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣer-

Russian meaning: стебель

English meaning: stem

Georgian: ɣer-i, ɣer-o

Svan: ɣēr

Notes and references: EWK 388. Ср. ПВК *Gwɨ̆rʔi (~-ǝ̆-) 'стебель; лист' (NCED 472).

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣerɣ-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: молоть

English meaning: to grind

Georgian: ɣerɣ-; ɣrɣ-n- 'to gnaw'

Megrel: ɣarɣ-; ɣirɣ-on- 'to gnaw'

Laz: ɣarɣ-il-

Laz meaning (Rus.): крупный помол; ɣirɣ-ol- 'глодать'

Laz meaning (Eng.): rough grist; ɣirɣ-ol- 'to gnaw'

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 202, 207, EWK 388-389, 399.. Ср. ПИЕ *(H)al(H)ǝ- 'молоть'. Выведение из ПИЕ *ghergh- 'быть грубым, шероховатым' (Климов 1994, 149-150) весьма сомнительно.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣer-/ɣir-

Russian meaning: замахнуться, потянуться

English meaning: to stretch out the arm

Georgian: ɣer-, ɣir-

Laz: ɣir-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 204, EWK 388.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣirʒg-

Russian meaning: резать тупым ножом

English meaning: to cut with a dull knife

Georgian: Imer. ɣirʒg-n-

Megrel: ɣirʒg-on-

Notes and references: EWK 391.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣiṭin-

Russian meaning: щекотать

English meaning: to tickle

Georgian: ɣiṭin-

Megrel: xicin-

Laz: xiṭin-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 204. Экспрессивная основа с нерегулярными преобразованиями. Не исключен СК источник (ср. ПСК *gälV, с распространением *gäldV; имеются и варианты с ʁ-: лак. ʁIidi, инг. ʁadaʁilg- < *ʁVṭ- etc., см. NCED 432). Бомхард (1996, 228) сравнивает драв. *kīt- (*gīt-) 'щекотать'.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣiw-

Russian meaning: рыдать, плакать

English meaning: to cry, weep

Georgian: ɣiv-

Megrel: ɣi-

Notes and references: EWK 391.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣiǯ-

Russian meaning: смеяться и бессмысленно болтать

English meaning: to laugh and blab

Georgian: ɣiǯ-ɣiǯ-

Megrel: ɣiǯg-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): смеяться, ухмыляться

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to laugh, grin

Notes and references: EWK 391-392.

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣleṭ- / ɣliṭ-

Russian meaning: драть, рваться

English meaning: to tear, be torn

Georgian: ɣleṭ-, ɣliṭ-, ɣlṭ-

Megrel: ɣilaṭ-, ɣiliṭ-, ɣirṭ-

Svan: (?) li-ɣǝrṭin-e

Svan meaning (Rus.): грызть

Svan meaning (Eng.): to gnaw

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 204, EWK 392. Интересно отметить ПВК *=ǟlṭwVr 'раздирать, вырывать'.