Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *(e)wisw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: any, every, all

Old Indian: viṣu- (in comp.) `in various directions, on both sides'; ? + víśva- 'all, every'

Avestan: višpa-ɵa `ringsum allenthalben'; vīspa- 'jeder, all; sg. auch ganz'

Other Iranian: OPers vispa- 'jeder, all; sg. auch ganz'

Old Greek: íso-, ep. ī̂so- and eíso-, Cret., Arc. wiswos , cf. gisgón = íson (Hsch.), later híso- (Ephesus IV BC, etc.) 'equal'

Slavic: *vьśь

Baltic: *wis-a- adj.

Russ. meaning: каждый, все

References: WP I 312 f

Proto-IE: *(e)wī-k'm̥ti ( < *dwī-dk'm̥ti)

Meaning: num.: twenty

Tokharian: A wiki, B ikäṃ (PT *w'īkän) 20; A wikiñci, B ikante 20-th (Adams 61-62)

Old Indian: viṁśatí- `twenty'

Avestan: vīsaiti, vīsa_s

Armenian: khsan

Old Greek: att. [ẹ̄́]kosi, dor., boeot. wī́kati ([ẹ̄]kás, īkás)

Latin: vīgintī '20'

Celtic: OIr fiche, gen. fichet, MCymr uceit, Corn ugans

Albanian: zet

Russ. meaning: числ.: двадцать

Proto-IE: *ey-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to go

Hittite: i- (in Imp.), pa-i- 'gehen' (Tischler 335, Friedrich 154-155)

Tokharian: A, B i- (PT *i-) 'go, travel' (Adams 60)

Old Indian: éti (imp. ihí, 1 pl. imáḥ) `to go, walk'

Avestan: aēiti `gehen'

Other Iranian: OPers aitiy `gehen'

Old Greek: êi̯mi, ímen `werde(n) gehen', inf. iénai̯ `gehen'; pl. íthmata n. `Schritte, Tritte; Füsse'

Slavic: *jь̃dǭ, *jьtī

Baltic: *eĩ- vb.

Germanic: *i- vb.

Latin: eō, iī, itum, īre `gehen'; itus, -ūm m. `Gang'; ped-es, com-es

Other Italic: Osk eítuns (set) `? itūrī sunt'; Paelign eite `īte'; Umbr etu `ītō', etu-tu `euntō', eest, est `ibit', iust `ierit', ier `itum sit', etaians `itent', etatu `itātōte'

Celtic: OIr ethae `itum est', ethaim `gehe'

Russ. meaning: идти

References: WP I 102 f

Comments: See also *it-er/-en- <PIH *i-> 'way' #2719

Proto-IE: *(e)yena-t-er-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: brother's wife

Old Indian: yātar- f. `a husband's brother's wife'

Armenian: ner, nēr, gen. niri `die Frauen von Brüdfern od. desselben Mannes'

Old Greek: pl. ẹ̄natéres, -érōn, sing. enátēr (sp. kleinasiat. Inschr.), voc. ẹ̄náter, gen. -teros (Hdn.) `Ehefrau des Mannesbruders'

Slavic: *ję̄trɨ̄, gen. -ъve

Baltic: *jen̂tē̃ (-er-es) (1?) f.

Latin: ianitrīcēs pl., gen. -um f. `die Ehefrauen von Brüdern'

Russ. meaning: жена брата

References: WP I 207 f, Buck 126.

Proto-IE: *ēg'-

Meaning: to say, to tell

Tokharian: A,B āks- 'announce, proclaim, instruct, recite' (PT *āks-) (Adams 38-39)

Armenian: asem `sage'

Old Greek: *ēg'-t: hom. ipf. ē̂ `er sprach' (sekund. nachhom. Neubildungen ipf. 1 sg. ē̂n, prs. 1 sg. ēmí); pf. (prs.-Bed.) án-ōga `befehlen' (sekund. prs. anṓgō)

Latin: aiō, aī̆s `bejahen, behaupte, sagen'; adagiō `Sprichwort', prōdigium `Vorzeichen', pl. axāmenta `carmina Saliaria', indigitāre `anrufen', Aius Locūtius `der Gott, der durch seine Stimme das Herannahen der Gallier verkündete'

Other Italic: Umbr aiu `oracula'

Russ. meaning: говорить

References: WP I 114

Proto-IE: *ēgʷh-

Meaning: to drink, get drunk

Hittite: eku- / aku- (I) 'trinken'

Tokharian: A, B yok- 'trinken' (Adams 509)

Latin: ēbrius, -a, -um 'пьяный, хмельной; напоенный, напитанный'

Russ. meaning: пить, напиваться

References: Tischler 103-105 (with discussion)

Comments: The Hitt root has no relation to aqua, etc., having -kw-, not a -kkw-! Greek nḗphō 'bin nüchtern' rather belongs to *nāgʷh-.

Proto-IE: *ēl-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to burn (tr.)

Old Indian: alāta- n. `firebrand, coal', úlmuka- n. `firebrand, piece of burning charcoal'

Germanic: *ḗl-ia- vb., *ḗl-ō f., *al-a- (~ -ō-) vb.

Latin: adoleō, -ultum `verbrennen', adolēscō `auflodern', pl. altāria, -ium; ? altāre, -is n. `Aufsatz auf dem Opfertisch, Opferherd, Brandaltar' (may be < altus `high')

Other Italic: Umbr uřetu `(ad)olētō'

Russ. meaning: жечь

References: WP I 88

Proto-IE: *ēs- <PIH *ē->

Meaning: to sit

Hittite: as- (I) 'bleiben, übrig bleiben', as-/es- (I) 'sitzen, sich setzen' (Tischler 75, 77, 110-111); ases-, (asas-) (I) 'setzen; besiedeln' (Tischler 79); ses- (I) 'ruhen, schlafen, bleiben' (Friedrich 191)

Tokharian: B āsk- 'sit, be seated' (Adams 58); A,B ṣäm- 'sit' (654)

Old Indian: ā́ste `to sit, sit down; to exist, be present'

Avestan: inf. āstē `sitzen', ɔ̄ŋhǝntē `sie sitzen'

Old Greek: hē̂mai̯, 3 sg. hē̂stai̯, 3 pl. hẹ̄́atai̯, héatai̯ `sitzen'

Russ. meaning: сидеть

References: WP II 483 f

Proto-IE: *ēt-

Meaning: a k. of bird (of waterfowl?)

Old Indian: ātí-, ātī́ f. `an aquatic bird'

Other Iranian: Sak āce, āci `water fowl', Osset occ `wild duck', Pamir Wakh. yōč `duck'

Old Greek: ōtí-s f. `bustard'

Germanic: *ēd-í- c.

Russ. meaning: птица (водоплавающая ?)

References: WP I 60

Comments: Indoir. reflexes refer also to *anat-.

Proto-IE: *ēt-er-, -d-

Meaning: stomach, intestines

Old Greek: ē̂tor n. (nur nom.-acc.) `Herz'; ion., att. ē̂tro-n `Bauch, Unterleib'

Slavic: *jēdro, *jēdrā ЭССЯ 6:43-44

Germanic: *ēd-ī(n-), *ēd-r-ī(n-) f.

Latin: uterus, -ī m., uter, -ī m., uterum, -ī n. `Unterleib, Bauch, bes. Mutterleib, Gebärmutter'

Celtic: OIr inathar `Eingeweide'

Russ. meaning: живот, внутренности

References: WP I 190 f

Proto-IE: *(ǝ)lak-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: leg; the main muscle of arm/leg

Old Indian: r̥kṣálā, r̥cchárā f. `part of an animal's leg between the fetlock joint and the hoof

Armenian: oɫokh `ankle, leg from knee to foot'

Old Greek: láks, lágdǟn `mit der Ferse, dem Fuss', lakhmós = laktismós; laktízdō `mit der Ferse, dem Fuss, dem Huf schlagen, stossen, ausschlagen'

Baltic: *lak-n-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *lag-já- m., *láx-az- n.

Latin: lacertus, -ī m. pl. `die Muskeln, bes. des Oberarms und dieser selbst'

Russ. meaning: нога; основная мышца руки/ноги

References: WP II 420 f

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