Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *denk'e-

Meaning: to bite

Tokharian: B tsāk- 'pierce, bite (of a snake)' (Adams 731)

Old Indian: dáśati, pf. dadáṁśa `to bite'; daṁśa- m. `bite, sting, stinging insect'; dáṁṣṭra- m., daṁṣṭrā f. `large tooth, tusk, fang'

Avestan: tiži-dąstra- `mit scharfem Gebiss, Gezähn'

Old Greek: dáknō, aor. édakon, dē̂ksai̯, pass. dē̂khthē̂nai̯, dakē̂nai̯; pf. dédēgmai̯, ptc. dedagméno-, dédē̂kha, va. á-dē̂kto- `beissen; stechen (con Insekten ),; verletzen'; dē̂gma `Biss, Stich', dē̂gmó-s id.; daketó-n `beissendes Tier', dákos n. `id.; Biss, Stich', dagmó-s m. `Biss, Stich', dágma id.', dē̂ksi-s `id.', dḗktǟ-s `Beisser, beissend'

Germanic: *tang-ō(n-) f., *tang-r-a- adj.

Russ. meaning: кусать

References: WP I 790 f

Proto-IE: *derbh-

Meaning: grass, turf

Old Indian: darbhá- m. `tuft or bunch of grass'

Slavic: *dьrbā `Brachland', *dьrbātī etc.; *dьrnъ, *dьrno

Germanic: *turb-a- n., *turb-ōn- f.

Russ. meaning: трава, дерн

References: WP I 808

Proto-IE: *derbh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to tie together, to weave

Old Indian: dr̥bháti , ptc. dr̥bdha- `to string or tie together, tie in a bunch'; dr̥bdhi- f. `stringing together, arranging'; darbhá- m. `tuft or bunch of grass', darbhaṇa- n. `mat of grass'

Avestan: dǝrǝwδa- n. `Muskelbündel', pl. `Muskelfleisch'

Armenian: torrn `skhoiníon, funiculus, laqueus'

Slavic: *dorbā, *dorbь, *dorbītī

Germanic: *tirb-ia-, *tarb-ia- vb., *turb-ō f., *turb-ia- vb., etc.

Russ. meaning: связывать, плести

References: WP I 808

Proto-IE: *der(dh)-

Meaning: faeces

Slavic: *dьrmo

Baltic: *dir̃s- vb. intr., *dir̂s-ā̂ (1) f., -iā̃ f.

Germanic: *turd-a- n.

Russ. meaning: дерьмо

References: WP I 797 f

Proto-IE: *der(e)-, *drē-

Meaning: to sleep

Old Indian: drāti, drā́yati, -te `to sleep', ni-drā́ f. `sleep, slumber', ni-drita- `sleeping, asleep'

Armenian: tertem `langsam, addormentato'

Old Greek: darthánō, aor. -drathẹ̄̂, -darthẹ̄̂n `einschlafen'

Slavic: *drēmātī, *drēmljǭ; *drēmā, *drēmъ

Latin: dormiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum `schlafen, schlummern'

Russ. meaning: спать

References: WP I 821

Proto-IE: *derǝ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to tear, to tear apart

Tokharian: A, B tsär- 'to be separated, apart; separate' (Adams 736), B tsrerme 'ditch' (744)

Old Indian: dr̥ṇāti, dárṣi, adar, dart, pf. dadāra, ptc. dīrṇa-, caus. dārayati, darayati `to burst, break asunder, split open'; dŕ̥ti- m. `skin of leather, leather bag for holding water and other fluids', darmá-, darmán- m. `demolisher'; darīman- `destruction', dāraka- `breaking, tearing'

Avestan: darǝdar- `spalten'; inf. dǝrǝnąm, iter. dāraya-, ptc. dǝrǝta-

Armenian: terrem `häute ab, schinde, mache schwielig'

Old Greek: dérō, déi̯rō, aor. dẹ̄̂rai̯, pass. edárēn, édarthēn, pf. m.-p. dédarmai̯, va. drató-, dartó- `abhäuten, schinden'; doró-s m. `lederner Schlauch, Sack'; Schlauch', dérri-s f. `Haut', insbes. als term. techn. für die zu Schirmen und Vorhängen bei Belagerungsarbeiten verwendeten Fell; dársi-s (Gal.) `das Abhäuten'; dértro-n n. `Netzhaut, Darmfell'; déros n. `Fell', déras n., dérma n., dorǟ́ f. `(abgezogene) Haut, Fell, Leder', delph. darma `id.'; dártǟ-s m. `Schinder' (Gloss.)

Slavic: *dьrā́tī, *dèrǭ; *dértī, *dь̀rǭ; *dьrtь; *dьrnъ, *dьrno; *dorъ

Baltic: *dir̃- (*der-a-), *dar-a- c., -ā̂ f., *dī̃r-ā̂- vb.

Germanic: *tir-a- vb., *tur-n-a- vb., *tir-ō- vb., ? *tur-n=

Celtic: Corn darn `Stück, Teil', Bret darn `Stück, Teil'

Russ. meaning: обдирать, раздирать

References: WP I 797 f

Comments: 2 roots? (seṭ and anit)

Proto-IE: *derǝ-

Meaning: hole, ditch

Old Indian: darī f. `hole in the ground'; dāra- m. `rent, cleft, hole'

Slavic: *dērā, *dērjā, *dīr(j)ā, *dɨ̄r(j)a

Baltic: *dur̂- (-ja-) vb. tr., etc.

Germanic: *tir-n-ō f.

Russ. meaning: дыра, яма

References: WP I 797 f

Comments: [Probably just derived from *derǝ- 'to tear']

Proto-IE: *derǝ- ?

Meaning: to scold, to be angry

Old Indian: dīrṇa- `frightened, afraid'

Old Greek: dē̂ri-s, gen. -ios f. `Streit, Kampf'

Slavic: *dьrā́tī sę̄, *derǭ sę̄̃; *dьrā́kā

Celtic: MIr drenn `Streit', drennach `zänkisch'

Russ. meaning: ругать(ся), драться, сердиться

References: WP I 797 f

Proto-IE: *derǝ- (?), *drā-

Meaning: to run, to escape

Old Indian: drā́ti, ptc. drāṇa- `to run, make haste'

Old Greek: apo-, ek-didrǟ́skō, aor. ap-édrǟn, va. á-drǟsto- `weglaufen'; drǟsmó-s m. `das Ausraeissen, die Flucht', á-drǟsto- `nicht zu entfliehen suchend', apó-drǟsi-s f. `das Weglaufen'

Slavic: ? *ū-derǭ/*ū-dьrǭ, *ū-dertī/*ū-dьrātī

Russ. meaning: бежать, убегать

References: WP I 795 f

Proto-IE: *derǝgh-

Meaning: to pull, to tear

Slavic: *dьrgātī, *sǭ́dorga

Baltic: *dir̂g-in̂-, -ī̂- vb., *dir̂g- vb. intr., *dir̂g-dn-ia- c.

Germanic: *targ-ō- vb., *targ-ia- vb.

Russ. meaning: дергать, драть

References: WP I 797 f

Proto-IE: *derk'e-

Meaning: to look

Old Indian: pf. dadárśa, aor. ádarśat, adrākṣīt, adrāk, ptc. dr̥ṣṭá- `to see, look'; dr̥ś- m. `seeing, looking at', dŕ̥ṣṭi- f. id., darśatá- `visible, beautiful'

Avestan: darǝs- `erblicken', pf. dādarǝsa, ptc. dǝrǝšta-; aibī-dǝrǝšti- `Anblick', inf. darštoiš; darǝsa- m. `Erblicken, Anblicken, Blick'

Old Greek: dérkomai̯, aor. drakẹ̄̂n, pf. (prs.-Bed.) dédorka `ansehen, blicken'; dérksi-s `Sehvermögen', dérgma `Blick', dergmó-s `id.', drákos n. `Auge'; düs-dérketo- `schwer zu erblicken', hüpó-dra adv. `von unten aufblickend'

Germanic: *tárx-ia- vb.; *turx-t-a- adj.

Celtic: *derko-, *drkā, *drko-s, *drkto-, etc. > OIr ad-con-darc `habe gesehen', ad-ro-darcar `kann gesehen werden', derc `Auge', MIr an-drocht `taeter, dunkel', Ir drech f. `Gesicht'; Cymr drych m. `Anblick, Spiegel', drem `Gesicht', OBret erderc `evidentis', Bret derc'h `Anblick', dremm `Gesicht'

Albanian: dritɛ `Licht'

Russ. meaning: смотреть

References: WP I 806 f

Proto-IE: *derw-

Meaning: rush, eczema

Old Indian: dardrū́-, dadrū́- f. 'cutaneous eruption, k. of leprosy'

Baltic: *deder-iā̃, *dederw-in-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *titar=, *tutar-ux-a- m.

Celtic: ? Cymr tarwyden, taroden, pl. tarwed 'Flechte'

Russ. meaning: экзема

References: Fraenkel 85

Proto-IE: *derw-, *drēw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: tree; firewood; oak, pine (?)

Hittite: taru- n. 'Holz' (Friedrich 217)

Old Indian: dāru, gen. droḥ, drúṇaḥ, in. drúṇā, loc. dāruṇi `wood, timber'; dru- n., m. `wood or any wooden implement', m. `tree, branch'; dárvi-, dárvī- f. `(wooden) ladle'; drọ́na- n. `wooden vessel, trough, bucket'; druṇī- f. `watertrough'; druma- m. `tree'

Avestan: dāuru, gen. dravš 'Baumstamm, Holzstück, Waffe aus Holz, etwa Keule'

Old Greek: dórü, gen. hom. dọ̄rós, dọ̄́ratos, pl. dọ̄̂ra, du. dọ̄̂re, trag. gen. dorós, dat. dorí, dórei, att. gen. dóratos n. `Holz, Baumstamm, Speer'; {dórü 'Eiche' - not found!} kret. dorā́ = dokós 'Balken' EM || drǖ̂-s, drüós f. `Baum, bes. Eiche'; hom. pl. drümá n., drǖmá `Wald'; hom. déndreo-n, att., ion. déndro-n n. `Baum'; éndruon 'oaken peg or pin', Hs. 'heart-wood of trees' [éndroia Hsch. written for éndrua 'heart-wood of trees' LS 561)] || ?? drói̯tǟ f. `Badewanne, Wiege, Sarg'

Slavic: *dervo; *drъvo; *drъkolъ; *drɨ̄nъ; *drъmъ (Rus dial. дром `хворост; чаща c валежником' СРНГ 8:199)

Baltic: *der̃w-ā̂ f., dar̃w-ā̂ f., *derw-iā̃, *drew-iā̃, *draw-iā̃, *draw-ia- c., *drā̂w-ā̂ (1), -iā f.

Germanic: *tri(w)-u- n.; *trauj-ō-n- f.; *tirw-ōn-, *tirw-iōn- f., *tirw-an- m., *tirw-a- n., *tarw-ōn- f.; *tirw-ia- n., *triu-n-an- m., *trú-s-a- n., *trū́-s-a- n.

Celtic: OIr derucc (gg), gen. dercon glans, Cymr derwen, pl. derw, bret. deruenn ds.; gall. ON Dervus Eichenwald, abrit. ON Derventio; MIr drochta `Fass Tonne'

Albanian: dru, art. druri m. 'timber, wood, log'; pl. drurë 'trees'

Russ. meaning: дерево, дрова; дуб/сосна

References: WP I 804 f

Proto-IE: *deuk-

Meaning: to pull, to lead

Old Greek: daidǘssomai̯ `zerrissen werden', daidǘssesthai̯ `hélkesthai' (Hsch.); déu̯kei̯ `phrontízei' (Hsch.), ep. adv. en-dükéōs `liebevoll, sorgsam'; en-dükés (Nik.)

Germanic: *tíux-a- vb.; *tiug-iá- n.; *tug-án- m., *tug-í- c., *tug-ṓ- vb.; *tiux-ō- vb.; *taug-ia- vb.; *tug-á- n.; *taug-ṓ f.; *tau(gw)-m-á- m., etc.; *tug-il-a- m., *tux-t-i- c.; *xarja-tug-án- m.; ? *tuk-ja- vb.

Latin: dūcō (OLat abdoucit), -ere, dūxī (OLat adouxet), ductum `ziehen, schleppen; anziehen etc.'; dux, ducis m., f. `Führer, Anführer', trādux `Weinsenker'; educāre `erziehen'; ductim `in vollen Zügen, zugweise', ductiō, -ōnis f. `Führen, Ziehen', ductus, -ūs m. `Führung, Zug'; ductor, -ōris m. `Führer'; ductāre = dūcere

Albanian: nduk `rupfe, reisse die Haare aus'

Russ. meaning: тянуть, вести

References: WP I 780 f

Proto-IE: *dewǝ-

Meaning: to tie to

Old Indian: doraka- n. `rope, strap of leather'

Germanic: *tiu-dr-á- n., *tiú-ɵr-a-, *tū́-ɵr-a- m.; *taww-á- n.

Russ. meaning: привязывать

References: (differently in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *dewǝ-, *dwā-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to run forward

Hittite: tuwa (adv.), tuwala- 'fern, weit' (Friedrich 231)

Old Indian: dūrá- `distant, far', comp. dávīyas-, superl. daviṣṭha -; duvás- `stirring, restless', duvasana- id. (of an eagle); davati (aor. subj. daviṣāṇi) `to go (away)'; dūtá- m. `messenger, envoy'

Avestan: dūraē-ča `fern, fernhin', dūrāt_ `von fern, fern, fernhin, weit hinweg', duye `jage fort', avi-frā-δavaite `reisst mit sich fort (vom Wasser)', dūta- m. `Bote, Abgesandter'

Other Iranian: OPers duraiy `fern, fernhin'

Armenian: {erkar}

Old Greek: déu̯tero- `der zweite' || dǟró- 'long, lasting'

Germanic: *tūw-a- vb., *tauw-ia- vb.

Latin: dūrō, -āvī, -āre 'длиться, продолжать существование, продолжаться; укореняться, становиться застарелым; тянуться, не прерываться; оставаться, сидеть безвыходно'

Russ. meaning: убегать вперед

References: WP I 778 f

Proto-IE: *deya-, *dy[ā]-

Meaning: to give light, to be visible

Hittite: ? tesha- c. 'Schlaf, Traum' (Friedrich 222)

Tokharian: ? A tiri `Art und Weise'

Old Indian: dīdeti, 3 pl. dīdyati, ipf. 3 sg. ádidet, imp. 2 sg. , dīdihi, didīhí `to shine, be bright'; su-dītí- f. `bright flame', adj. `shining'

Old Greek: hom. ipf. déato `schien', deámǟn = edokímadzon, edóksadzon Hsch., déatai̯ = pháinetai, dokêi Hsch., Arc. conj. déātoi̯; aor. hom. doássato `erschien', conj. doássetai̯; hom. déelo- `offenbar, deutlich', <díalo->: díalon = phanerón, diálas = tàs dḗlas kaí phanerás (Hsch.); hom. arí-zd[ǟ]lo- `sehr deutlich, klar'; dendíllō etw. `auf jn. hinsehen, Blicke werfen';

Baltic: *dei-r=; *dī-r-ē̂-, *dī̂-r-ā̂- vb., *daî-r-ī̂- (1) vb., *dai-r-u- adj.

Germanic: *tai-t-a- adj., *tai-t-ō- vb., *ti-dr-a- adj.; ? *tai-l=; *tei-r-i- adj., *tei-r-a- m.

Russ. meaning: светить, быть видным

References: WP I 772 f

Proto-IE: *deye-, *dyā-

Meaning: to run, to hurry, to move quickly

Old Indian: dī́yati `to soar, fly'

Old Greek: hom. díō `fliehen', hom. díemai intr.`eilen', tr. `(ver)jagen, verfolgen, vertreiben', hom. aor. 1 sg. díon, en-díesan `sie jagten, setzten nach', perì gàr díe `er fürchtete sehr'; hom. dieró- etwa `rasch, regsam ?'; dī̂no-s m. `Wirbel, Strudel; rundes Gefäss, runde Tenne etc.', dī́nǟ `Wirbel, Strudel', dīmǟ́ẹ̄s (äol. dinnáẹ̄s) `wirbelnd, strudelreich'; dīnéō (aeol. (Sappho) ptc. dínnēntes), dīnéu̯ō tr. `herumwirbeln', intr. `sich im Kreise herumdrehen' || dízd[ǟ]mi `suche, aufsuchen, untersuchen'; att. zdǟtéō `aufsuchen, forschen, sich bemühen, streben'; zdǟtós 'zdētētós' (inscr .); zdḗtōr = zdētētḗs Hsch.; zdálǟ f. `Wirbelsturm, Wasserstrudel, Regenguss';

Baltic: *deî- (2) vb., *daî-n-ā̂ (1) f., *dej-ā̂ f.

Celtic: OIr dīan `schnell', dēne `Schnelligkeit'

Russ. meaning: бежать, быстро двигать(ся)

References: WP I 774 f

Proto-IE: *dey-, *dei-n-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: day

Old Indian: dína- n. `day'; dívā `by day', divédive `day by day', naktáṁdivam `night and day', sudivám `good day', sudivá- `having a good day'; divasa- m. `day'

Armenian: tiv `Tag' (из loc. *dijū)

Old Greek: én-dio- `mittäglich, am Mittag', eu̯-díǟ f. `schönes, heiteres Wetter'; éu̯-dio-, eu̯-diẹ̄nó- `heiter, ruhig, still'

Slavic: *dьnь, gen. *dьne

Baltic: *deĩ-n-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *tī-n-a-, *ti-n-a- adj.

Latin: diēs, -ēī (Enn. -ēs) m. `Tageslicht, Tag, Tagesreise; Termin, Frist, Zeit'; pl. nūndinae f., nūndinum n. `Markttag, Marktzeit'; dius `bei Tage', interdius `untertags', perdius, -a `tagsüber', nudiūstertius `es ist nun der dritte Tag', diū `bei Tage', interdiū `untertags, tagsüber'; bī-duum, trī-duum, quatrī-duum, -ī n. `Zeitraum von 2, 3, 4 Tagen', postrī-diē `tags darauf'; hodiē `heute'

Other Italic: Falisc foies `hodiē'

Celtic: OIr dïe, procl. dïa `Tag'; Cymr dydd, Corn deth, dyth, Bret deiz `Tag'; OIr indiu `heute', Cymr he-ddyw `heute'; OIr denus `spatium temporis', tredenus `triduum'

Russ. meaning: день

References: WP I 772 f

Proto-IE: *dēl-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to injure, to pain

Old Greek: 3 sg. dállei = kakourgeî Hsch., dēléomai̯ `zerstöre, beschädige', phreno-dalḗs den Geist verderbend', pan-dálēto- `vernichtet, nichtswürdig

Baltic: *dē̃l-ī̂- vb.

Latin: doleō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrus `(körperlichen oder geistigen) Sсhmerz empfinden, leiden', dolīre `id.'; dolor, -ōris m. `Schmerz'

Russ. meaning: повреждать, причинять боль, вред

References: WP I 809 f

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