Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *pāg'e-

Meaning: to nail, to fasten

Old Greek: pǟ́ssō, att. pǟ́ttō, pǟ́gnǖmi, -nǘō, aor. pǟ̂ksai̯, hom. épǟkto, p. pagē̂nai̯, pf. (act. intr.) pépǟga, pqpf. (tr.) epepǟ́khesan, m. pépǟgmai̯, va. pǟktó-; kata-paktó- (Hdt.) `befestigen, feststecken, zusammenfügen, gefrieren od. gerinnen machen'; pǟ̂gma n. `das Zusammengefügte, Gefüll, Gestell etc.', pǟgó- `fest, dick, stark', nau̯-pǟgó-s `Schiffbaumeister', pǟ̂kasi-s f. `das Festm,achen, áBefestigen, Gerinnen', pǟktó-s, pǟktǟ́ f. `ausgestelltes Netz, Stellbauer', pǟktǟ́ f. `frischer Kase'; antí-pǟkas, -gos f. `Art Kiste', nau̯-pǟgó-s m. `Schiffsbaumeister'; págǟ f. `Schlinge, Fallstrick'; págo-s m. `Felsspitze, Klippe, Hügel'; paktóō `befestigen', páks `genug, nun gut', págos n. `Eis, Reif, Frost', pagetó-s m. `id., pǟ́khnǟ f. `gefrorener Tau, Reif'

Slavic: *pāzъ

Germanic: *fak-a- n.

Latin: pālus, -ī (/ pālum n.) `Pfahl', paxillus, -ī m. `kleiner Pfahl'; pangō, -ere, pepigī/pēgī, pāctum `befestigen, einschlagen'; compāctus, -a `dicht'; impāgēs, -is f. `Leiste', repāgēs, -is f. `Türriegel', prōpāgō, -inis, prō̆pāgēs, -ia f. `Senker, Steckling', pāgina f. `Blatt Papier, Seite; vier Reihen im Viereck gebundener Weinstöcke'; ? pāgus, -ī m. `Landgemeindeverband einer Bauernschaft, Dorf, Gau'; compāgēs, -is f. `Fuge'

Celtic: *hāgio-, *hāgli- > MIr āge `Glied'; āil `angenehm'

Russ. meaning: прибивать, вколачивать, укреплять

References: WP II 2 f

Proto-IE: *pān-

Meaning: fabric

Old Greek: *pǟ̂no-: pē̂no-s m. 'web' Hsch.; p[ǟ́]nǟ f. 'thread on the bobbin in the shuttle, woof', in pl. 'web' Eur.+, 'bobbin, spool' (AP); pǟnío-n n. `Spule mit dem aufgehaspelten Garn'

Slavic: *ponjāvā, *ponevā; ? *oponā

Germanic: *fan-an- m., *fan-ō f.

Latin: pannus, -ī m. `Stück Tuch, Lappen, Flicklappen'

Celtic: OIr anart `leinenes Tuch'

Russ. meaning: ткань

References: WP II 5

Proto-IE: *pāp-

Meaning: bad, misfortune

Hittite: paprant- 'unrein', paprai- 'sich verunreinigen, sich versündigen' (Friedrich 158)

Old Indian: pāpá-, pā́pa- `bad, vicious, evil', pāpmán- m. `evil, misfortune'

Armenian: hivand `schwach, krank', an-hivand `sanus'

Baltic: *pāp-ā̂

Russ. meaning: плохой/беда

References: WP II 8 f

Proto-IE: *pāpel-, *pe(i)pel-

Meaning: butterfly

Slavic: *pepelūšьkā, *popelūšьkā

Baltic: ? *papelut=

Germanic: *fīfald=, *fīfild=

Latin: pāpiliō, gen. -ōnis m. `Schmetterling'

Russ. meaning: насекомое (бабочка)

References: WP II 55

Proto-IE: *pār-

Meaning: to seem, to show

Old Greek: aor. inf. peparẹ̄̂n (Pind.) `vorzeigen, zur Schau tragen', pepareúsimos = eúphrastos, saphḗs Hsch.

Latin: pāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itum `erscheinen, sichtbar sein, sich zeigen; Folge leisten, gehorchen'

Russ. meaning: казаться, показывать(ся)

References: WP II 6

Proto-IE: *pās-

Meaning: relative

Old Greek: pǟó-s m. `Verwandter durch Verschwägerung'; pāṓtar (pathiṓtar cod.) (Lakon.) = pēós; pl. p[r]aō̂tai = süŋgeneîs, oikeîoi (Lákōnes) Hsch.

Germanic: *faz-ō (~ -r-) f.

Latin: pāri-cīda m. `Mörder an Nahverwandten'

Russ. meaning: родственник

References: WP II 7

Proto-IE: *pāy- <PIH -H->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to guard, to graze, to feed

Hittite: pahs- (pahhas-) (II) 'schützen, verwahren' (Friedrich 153)

Tokharian: A pās-, B pāsk- (PT *pāsk-) 'guard, protect' (Adams 367)

Old Indian: pā́ti, ptc. pāta-, pāna-, aor. apāsīt `to watch, keep, preserve'; pā́- (in comp.) m. `keeping, guarding', pāyú- m. `guard, protector', pāla- m. `guard, protector, keeper', pāvan- (in comp.) `protecting', pātár- n. `defending, defender'; nŕ̥-pīti- f. `protection of men', nr̥-pa- m. `protector of men, king'

Avestan: pāiti `hütet, bewacht, schützt', rāna-pā `Beinschutz, -schiene'

Other Iranian: OPers xšaɵra-pāvan `Landvogt, Satrap'

Armenian: hauran `Herde', hoviv `Hirt'

Old Greek: ep. pō̂ü, -eos n. `Schafherde', poi̯mḗn, -énos m. `Hirt, Schafhirt', pói̯mnǟ f. `(Schaf)herde'; pō̂ma n. `Deckel (an Kasten, Krügen, Köchern etc.)'

Slavic: *pāstī, *pāsǭ, *pāstɨ̄rь

Baltic: *peĩ-m-ō̃ (-en-) m.

Germanic: *fṓ-ɵr-a- n., *fō-dr-á- n; *fō-d-ia- vb., *fō-ɵr-a- n.

Latin: pāsco, -ere, pāvī, pāstum `lasse fressen, lasse weiden, füttere', pāstor, -ōris m. `Hirt', pāstus, -ūs m. `Fütterung, Weide', pābulum n. `Futter, Nahrung', pānis, -is m. (/ pane n.) `Brot'

Celtic: OIr ain-ches `fiscina'

Russ. meaning: сторожить, пасти, кормить

References: WP II 72 f

Comments: Hereto probably also Germ *fṓɵra-n, *fōdrá-n 'sheath'.

Proto-IE: *ped-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: foot

Hittite: pat- (pata-) (?) 'Fuß', patalha- c. 'Sohle oder Knöchel'

Tokharian: A päts, B patsa (PT *pätsā) 'bottom' (Adams 362); A peṃ, B paiyye (PT *pei-ne with dual. suff. < *pode ~ *podi̯o-) (401)

Old Indian: pā́d, acc. pā́dam, gen. padáḥ m. `foot'; pádya- `relating or belonging to a foot', pádyā f. `footstep, way, path'; padá- n. `step, pace, stride'; upa-bdá- m. `noise, sound, rattling' (*of feet?)

Avestan: pad- 'Fuss', paiδyā 'Fuss', paδa- n. 'Spur; Fuss als Mass'; fra-bda- 'Vorderrfuss', a-bda- 'wo man nicht hintreten, nicht festen Fuss fassen kann', bi-bda- 'zweifache Fessel'

Armenian: pl. ot-kh `πόδες', ot-n `πούς, πόδα'; het, gen. hetoy `Fussspur, Spur', y-et `nach', z-het, z-etoy `hinter nach'

Old Greek: pṓs, pós (*dor.), att. pọ̄́s, gen. podós m. `Fuss'; aeol., dor., ark. pedá = metá; pézda f. `Spann am Fuss'; pezdó- `zu Fuss gehend, auf dem Lande lebend'; pédo-n n. `Fuss-, Erdboden, Boden'; pédǟ f. `Fussfessel, Fessel'; épi-bda f. `Tag nach dem Fest' (< *`auf dem Fusse, in der Fussspur folgend')

Slavic: *pēšь; ? *podъ (печи etc.), *podjь (OChSl пождь `fundamentum, locus subterraneus') + *podъ (? *po-dъ) praep.

Baltic: *pē̂d-ā̂ (2) f., pē̂d-a- (2) c., *pēd-jā̂ f., *pē̂d-iā̃ f., *pad-a- c., *pad-ja- c.

Germanic: *fōt-u- c. (*fōt-); *fat-ō- vb.; *fat-ja- n., *fit-ar-ō f., -a- m., *fit-ur-a- m.; *fat-il-a- m., -ō f.; *fit-jō f.

Latin: pēs, gen. pedis m. `Fuss; Fuss als Mass'

Other Italic: Umbr peři, persi `pede'

Celtic: Gaul [ candetum ? <*cant-[p]edum `spatium centum pedum' ]; MIr inad (*eni-pedo-) `Spur (der Fusse); Ort', ed `Zeitraum '

Albanian: poš: pɛrpoš unten, poš-tɛ herab, unterirdisch; unter, hinunter

Russ. meaning: нога (Fuss)

References: WP II 23 f

Proto-IE: *ped-

Meaning: edge, piece

Hittite: peta- `Ort, Stelle' (Friedrich)

Old Greek: pézda f. `unterer Rand, Saum eines Kleides, einer Küste, eines Gebirges, eines Netzes etc.'

Germanic: *fit-jō f., *fit-ja- n.?

Russ. meaning: край, кусок

References: WP II 23 f

Proto-IE: *peik'-

Meaning: to engrave, to write, to colour

Tokharian: A, B pik- (PT *pik-) 'write, paint' (Adams 383)

Old Indian: piṁśati `to hew out, carve; form, fashion, mould'; péśas- n., peśa- m. `shape, form, colour; ornament, decoration', peśalá- `adorned, decorated, beautiful', piśáŋga- `reddish, tawny'

Avestan: paes- `farbig machen, schmücken', paesa- m., paesah- n. `Schmuck, Zeirat'

Other Iranian: OPers nipistanaiy `schreiben'

Old Greek: poi̯kílo- `bunt(farbig)', bunt gearbeitet (gestickt, gewirkt, gewebt), mannigfaltig, gewandt, listig'

Slavic: *pьsā́tī, *pīsjǭ; *pьstrъ(jь), *pьstrǭgъ

Baltic: *peĩč- vb. tr., *paĩč-a-, *peĩč-a- c., *peĩč-ā̂ f., *paĩč-in̂- vb.

Germanic: *fáix-a- adj.; *faix-ō- vb., *faix-ia- vb.; *faix-an- m.

Latin: pingō, -ere, pīnxī, pictum `mit der Nadel sticken; malen', pigmentum n. `Farbe, Schminke, Schmuck'

Russ. meaning: вырезать узоры, писать, красить

References: WP II 9 f

Proto-IE: *peikr- (?)

Meaning: sharp

Old Greek: pikró- `scharf, spitz, stechend, bitter, schmerzhaft'

Slavic: *prīkr(jь)

Russ. meaning: острый

Proto-IE: *peim-i-

Meaning: quick

Germanic: *fim=; *fim-ō- vb .

Celtic: *peimi- > OIr ēim `rasch, flink'

Russ. meaning: быстрый

References: WP II 11

Proto-IE: *peisk-

Meaning: fish

Slavic: *pīskorь

Germanic: *fisk-a- m.

Latin: piscis, -is m. `Fisch'

Celtic: Ir iasc, gen. ēisc `Fisch'

Russ. meaning: рыба

References: WP II 11

Proto-IE: *peisk- ?

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: feather (a k. of)

Old Indian: piccha- n. `feather of a tail'

Slavic: *pīskъ: Czech pisk `unentwickelde junge Feder'

Russ. meaning: перо (какое-то)

References: WP II 11

Proto-IE: *peit-

Meaning: meal, food

Slavic: *pītjā, *pītātī, *pītētī, *pītjā;

Baltic: *peĩt-u-, -a- (1)

Celtic: *hīt- > MIr īth `Talg'; *hit- > OIr ithid `isst', ith `Korn, Getreide'; OCymr it `isst', Cymr yd `isst'

Russ. meaning: пища, питать(ся)

References: WP II 73 f

Proto-IE: *pek'-

Meaning: to comb, to shear

Other Iranian: Pashto ẓ̌manj, NPers šāna `Kamm'

Old Greek: pékō, péktō, pektéō, aor. péksai̯, -asthai̯ `kämmen, sich kämmen, krempeln, scheren', pékos n., pókto-s m., póko-s m. `abgerupfte, abgeschorene Schafwolle, Vlies', pektḗr m. `Scherer'; att. ktẹ̄́s, Jo. Gramm. ktén, gen. ktenós `Kamm, Weberkamm'

Baltic: *peč- vb. tr., *pač-jā̂- vb.

Germanic: *fix-t-a- vb.; *fax-s-a- n.; *fax-t-i- c.; *fix-l=; ? *fix-ō- vb.

Latin: pectō, -ere, pexī (/pexuī, pectuī), pexum `kämmen, krempeln, behacken'; pexus, -a `gekämmt, langwollig'; pecten, -inis m. `Kamm, Riffel, Rechen, Hacke; Schambein; Griffel zum Saitenspiel; Kammuschel'

Other Italic: Umbr petenata `pectinātam'

Russ. meaning: чесать или стричь шерсть

References: WP II 17 f

Proto-IE: *pek-u- (IndoIr -k'-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: sheep

Old Indian: páśu-, paśú- m., gen. paśváḥ `cattle, domestic or sacrificial animal'

Avestan: pasu- `sheep, goats', pasuka- `Haustier'

Other Iranian: MPers pah 'sheep', Kurd pas 'sheep', Sogd psw 'Haustier', Osset fys, fus `ram, sheep', KhotSak pasa- `sheep, goats', Pashto psǝ́ 'id.'

Baltic: *pek-u n.

Germanic: *fíx-u- n.; *fíx-a- n.; *fáx-az- n.

Latin: pecū, dat. -ū, pl. pecua n. `Vieh (coll.)', pecus, gen. -oris n. `Vieh (coll.); Kleinvieh, Schaf'; pecus, gen. -udis f. `Vieh (einz. Stück)'

Russ. meaning: скот (овца, овцы)

References: WP II 16 f

Proto-IE: *pekʷ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to ripen; to cook, to bake

Tokharian: A, B päk- 'cook, boil, ripen' (PT *päk-) (Adams 368)

Old Indian: pácati, ptc. paktá- `to cook, bake, roast, boil'; pácyate `to ripen', pakvá- `cooked, baked, ripe', paktí- f. `cooking, preparing food; food, cooked food', paktár- `cooking, roasting, baking', pāka- m. `cooking, baking, roasting'

Avestan: pačaiti `kocht, bäckt, brät'; nasu-pāka- `Leichen(teile) kochend, verbrennend'; Pashto poχ `gekocht, gar, reif'

Armenian: hach `Brot' (< *pokʷti-)

Old Greek: péssō, att. péttō, pépsō, aor. pépsai̯, p. pephthē̂nai̯, pf. p. pépemmai̯, va. peptó- `zur reife bringen, backen, kochen, verdauen'; pémma n. `Gebäck, Kuchen', pépsi-s f. `die Verdauung, das Kochen. das Reifen', pépōn, -onos, f. pépei̯ra `weich, mild'; pópano-n n. `Gebäck'; arto-kópo-s, aeg. a-to-po-qo m. `Brotbäcker'; péptria f. `Bäckerin'

Slavic: *pekti, *pekǭ; *pektь; *pekъ; *potъ; *o-pokā

Baltic: *kep- (*kep-a-) vb., *kep- vb. intr.

Germanic: *fig-a- vb.

Latin: coquō, -ere, coxī, -ctum `kochen, sieden, brennen, reifen', coquus, -ī m. `Koch', coquīna f. `Küche', coctus, -a `gekocht'; coctor, -ōris m. `Koch'; coctiō f. `Kochen, Gekochtes', praecox `frühreif'

Celtic: *hekʷ-, *hekʷto- > Cymr poeth `heiss'; pobi `backen'; popuryes `pistrix', Corn pobas `backen'; peber `Bäcker', Bret pobet `backen'; poaz `gekocht'; pober `Bäcker'

Albanian: pjek `ich backe'

Russ. meaning: созревать; варить, печь

References: WP II 17 f

Proto-IE: *pel-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: grey, blueish

Old Indian: palitá-, fem. páliknī (< -tnī) `grey, hoary, aged'

Avestan: pouruša-, paouruša- 'grau, greis'

Armenian: pl. alikh `die (weissen) Wellen(kämme), Wogen; weisser Bart, weisses Haar'; alevor `greis (vom Haar)'

Old Greek: pelidnó-, Gramm. att. pelitnó- `blauschwarz, dunkelfarben, fahl, blutunterlaufen'; pelió-, pelló- `id.'; polió- `weisslich grau, bes. vom Haar und schäumenden Meere'

Slavic: *pelesъ `серый'

Baltic: *pel-ē̂k-a- (2) adj.

Latin: pullus, -a `schmutzfarben, schwärzlich'

Celtic: *pleito-: MIr liath `grau'; Cymr llwyd `grau'

Russ. meaning: серый, седой, голубоватый

References: WP II 53 f

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