South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology : Query result

Proto-!Wi : ǂʔõ

Meaning : to run, flow

|Auni : ǂõ

References : Bleek 675.

Proto-!Wi : *a

Meaning : to be

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ắ (B., Ll.)

//Ng : a, ā

//Ku//e : a

Seroa : a (Arb., Wu.)

//Xegwi (Batwa) : a

|Auni : a

References : Bleek 1.

Proto-!Wi : *a

Meaning : to give, let, allow

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : á, ắ (B.); ā́, ā̀, ã̄, ă-ă, ă-ă^ŋ, ã̀u (Ll.); a (Lich.)

//Ng : a

N|huki : ʔã, ʔana, na ʔaa

|Auni : a

|Nusan : a

References : Bleek 1, 2; NFn.

Proto-!Wi : *a

Meaning : this, that, here, there

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : a, ā (B., Ll.)

//Ng : a, =a

//Kxau : ʔa "there (exclam.)"

//Ku//e : a

|Auni : a

|Haasi : a

|Nusan : aa

References : Bleek 4, 5.

Proto-!Wi : *a

Meaning : relative/interrogative pronoun

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ā, pl. ē (B.); ā (Ll.)

//Ng : a

References : Bleek 4.

Proto-!Wi : *a

Stems : *a-ken

Meaning : good, nice, comfortable, handsome

|Xam : ākǝn, ákkǝn (B.), ắkka "well" (B.); ākǝn, ắkkǝn (Ll.), ắkka, ắkkă "well, nicely, enough" (Ll.)

Notes : Bleek compares Nama ẽxa (R.; = PKK *ĩ "good"). The Khoekhoe form itself, however, is without any CK etymology. Dubious.

References : Bleek 7.

Proto-!Wi : *a

Stems : *a-^ŋ

Meaning : to lift up

//Kxau : ʔã

Notes : An isolated ||Kxau form. Given the possibility of click loss in ||Kxau (cf. ʔọẹ̄ "one", etc.), a former click anlaut is not excluded.

References : Bleek 1.

Proto-!Wi : *a

Meaning : not

//Xegwi (Batwa) : ʔa

References : LHa 117.

Proto-!Wi : *a, *ja

Meaning : a particle (perfective, resumptive, or present tense marker)

|Xam : a (B.); -ja (Ll.)

//Ng : a

#Khomani : a (Mg.)

//Kxau : ʔa

Seroa : a (Arb.)

//Xegwi (Batwa) : a

|Auni : a

References : Bleek 3.

Proto-!Wi : *am

Meaning : to run

//Ng : =am

References : Bleek 9.

Proto-!Wi : *an

Meaning : quickly, at once

|Xam : àn̄tău, àntau, an̄tau (Ll.)

References : Bleek 10.

Proto-!Wi : *a(u)

Meaning : another

//Kxau : ʔau

References : Bleek 12.

Proto-!Wi : *au

Meaning : general preposition and conjunction

|Xam : au, ŏ (B., Ll.); a, ā, o (B.)

//Ng : au, a, o

//Xegwi (Batwa) : a

|Auni : o

|Nusan : au

References : Bleek 2, 4, 152.

Proto-!Wi : *a^h

Stems : *ā(^h)-ŋ

Meaning : thou

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : a, ā, emph. ăkẹn, poss. akka (B.)

//Ng : a, poss. a-ka; aŋ

N|huki : a

#Khomani : a, ã, ʔa (Mg.)

//Kxau : ʔa; āńā

//Ku//e : a; an

Seroa : a (Arb., Wu.)

!Gã!ne : a

//Xegwi (Batwa) : a, emph. an, poss. a-ka

|Auni : a, poss. a, a-sn

|Haasi : a

|Nusan : a, emph. aggen, before negatives an; aŋ

References : Bleek 3-4, 10; Maingard 244; Meinhof 1929: 1985; NFn.

Proto-!Wi : *a(^ŋ) (?)

Meaning : to cry, sound of crying

|Xam : ã (Ll.)

Notes : A lone |Xam form, possibly borrowed from Nama (where ā "to cry" < *kxa).

References : Bleek 1.

Proto-!Wi : *ba

Meaning : to collect

|Xam : bbā (Ll.)

References : Bleek 13.

Proto-!Wi : *ba

Meaning : interr./neg. particle

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ba, bbā (B.)

References : Bleek 13.

Proto-!Wi : *ba̰i

Meaning : to race, chase, finish

|Xam : bbạ̄ï, bāï, p. pr. bbāya (B.); bbạ̄́ī, bbạ̄́iya (Ll.); bbạ̄ibbạ̄́i "haste" (B.)

References : Bleek 14.

Proto-!Wi : *cʔaxu

Meaning : eye

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : tsʔḁx`áu, pl. tsʔaxáitǝn, tsʔāxaitakǝn, tsʔatsʔaxukǝn (B.); tsăxắu, pl. tsăxāītǝn, tsăxāī́takǝn (Ll.)

//Ng : tsáxu, tsāxem, pl. tsáxūke, tsaxūŋ

N|huki : tsʔaxǝm, tsʔaxam

#Khomani : tsʔa=xʌm, tsʔa=xam, tsʔa=xǝm (Dk.); tsʔaxau, tsʔaxu, pl. tsʔaxǝm, tsʔaxuke (Mg.)

//Kxau : tsʔa⁺xo_ʔ, pl. tsʔaxo̥-tǝn

//Ku//e : tsaxu

!Gã!ne : tjaxu, pl. tjaxute

//Xegwi (Batwa) : tsáxu, tsau, tsoo, pl. tsãĩn; tsʔagu, tsʔaxu (long ago) (LH)

|Auni : tsʔaxu, pl. tsʔāxuke

References : Bleek 204, 213-14, 220; LHb 48; Maingard 243; Meinhof 1929: 184; NFn.

Proto-!Wi : *cʔe

Meaning : small

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : tsʔéttǝn, tsʔe_́ttǝn (B.), tssérre, tsérre (Ll.)

References : Bleek 215.