Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jalpɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 broad, flat 2 blade, paddle 3 shallow

Russian meaning: 1 широкий, плоский 2 лист, лопасть 3 мелкий

Karakhanid: jalbɨ 1 (MK)

Turkish: jalpɨk 1

Tatar: ǯɛlpɛk 1

Middle Turkic: jalpaq 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔlpɔq 1

Uighur: jalpaq 1

Turkmen: jalpa 2, jalpaq 1, 3

Khakassian: čelbax, nalpax 1

Oyrat: jalbaq, d́albaq 1

Yakut: salbax 2

Dolgan: halbax 'span; foot'

Tuva: čalbaq 1

Tofalar: čalbaq 1

Kirghiz: ǯalpaq 1

Kazakh: žalpaq 1

Noghai: jalpaq 1

Bashkir: jalpaq 1

Gagauz: jalpaq 1

Karaim: jalpaq 1

Karakalpak: žalpaq 1

Kumyk: jalpaq 1

Comments: EDT 919, VEWT 182, ЭСТЯ 4, 14, 100-101, Stachowski 94. This root should be distinguished from *japur-gak 'leaf' and from *jalpɨ- / *jelpi- 'to shake, sway'.

Proto-Turkic: *jAm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: large earthenware vessel

Russian meaning: большой глиняный сосуд

Middle Turkic: jam (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔm

Kirghiz: ǯam

Comments: VEWT 183. Räsänen compares also Küär. jam-ɨɣ 'zubereitetes Leder' (R 3, 308) - which is possible if the original meaning was "a large vessel for tanning skins". One can also mention Yak. sɨma 'large leather bag' (Пек. 2, 2455 suggests borrowing < Russ. сума, but in that case *sɨmā would be expected).

Proto-Turkic: *jam

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 piece of dust 2 litter floating on the surface of water

Russian meaning: 1 соринка 2 мусор, плавающий по воде

Karakhanid: jam (MK) 1

Tuva: čam 2

Comments: VEWT 205.

Proto-Turkic: *jạm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 groin 2 pubic hair

Russian meaning: 1 пах 2 волосы в паху

Old Turkic: jamɨz (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jamɨz (MK) 1, jamdu (MK) 2 (EDT: jemdü)

Turkish: jamɨz (dial.) 1

Tatar: jamɨs (dial.) 1

Middle Turkic: jambuz 1 (R.)

Azerbaidzhan: janbɨz 'side, hip'

Turkmen: jamɨz 1

Yakut: sɨmɨs 1

Noghai: jamɨz 1

Balkar: ǯamɨz 1

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 935, 940, ЭСТЯ 4, 110-111. Turk. > MMong. (MA) ǯamiz (Щербак 1997, 122).

Proto-Turkic: *jam

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: post station

Russian meaning: почтовая станция

Old Turkic: jam (late OUygh.)

Turkish: jam (Red.)

Tatar: jam (possibly from Russian)

Middle Turkic: jam (Abush., Sangl.)

Comments: VEWT 183, EDT 933. Turk. > MMong. ǯam 'post station', WMong. ǯam 'way, street, road' (hardly vice versa; see the discussion in Щербак 1997, 195). Mong. > Man. ǵamun, Nan. jamõ, Ul. jamụ(n), see Doerfer MT 142 (with a strange initial reflex, suggesting rather an unattested Mong. variant *jam; Chinese origin suggested by Doerfer TMN 4, 110-118 is improbable - for purely phonetical reasons: the actual Middle Chinese form was not "*g̀am oder ähnlich", as suggested ibid., but 站 ṭém; even the later fricativized shape čam (Zhongyuan yinyun) can hardly have yielded Mong. ǯam, to say nothing of the TM variants with j-).

Proto-Turkic: *jama-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to patch

Russian meaning: латать, штопать

Karakhanid: jama- (MK)

Turkish: jama-

Tatar: jama-

Middle Turkic: jama- (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jama-

Uighur: jama-

Sary-Yughur: jama-

Azerbaidzhan: jama-

Turkmen: jama-

Khakassian: nama-

Shor: naba-

Oyrat: jama-, d́ama-

Yakut: samā-

Dolgan: hamā-

Tuva: čama-

Kirghiz: ǯama-

Kazakh: žama-

Noghai: jama-

Bashkir: jama-

Balkar: zama-

Gagauz: jama-

Karaim: jama-

Karakalpak: žama-

Salar: jama-

Kumyk: jama-

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 934-935, ЭСТЯ 4, 108, Stachowski 94. Turk. > WMong. ǯama-, Kalm. zamǝ- (KW 466).

Proto-Turkic: *jAmač

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side of a mountain

Russian meaning: склон горы

Turkish: jamač

Middle Turkic: jamač, jamaǯ (R, Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: jamaǯ

Turkmen: jamač (dial.)

Gagauz: jamač

Comments: VEWT 184, ЭСТЯ 4, 111.

Proto-Turkic: *jAmak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: helper

Russian meaning: помощник

Turkish: jamak

Middle Turkic: jamaɣ (R)

Comments: VEWT 184.

Proto-Turkic: *jAman

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bad, wicked 2 sickness, inflammation

Russian meaning: 1 плохой, скверный 2 болезнь, воспаление

Old Turkic: jaman 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaman 1 (MK)

Turkish: jaman 1

Tatar: jaman 1

Middle Turkic: jaman (AH) 1

Uzbek: jɔmɔn 1

Uighur: jaman 1

Sary-Yughur: jaman 1

Azerbaidzhan: jaman 1

Turkmen: jaman 1, 2

Oyrat: jaman, d́aman 1, 2

Kirghiz: ǯaman 1

Kazakh: žaman 1

Noghai: jaman 1

Bashkir: jaman 1

Balkar: aman 1

Karaim: jaman 1

Karakalpak: žaman 1

Salar: jaman 1

Kumyk: jaman 1

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 937, ЭСТЯ 4, 109. Cf. Yak. sɨmɨja 'lie, deceit'. The meaning 'bad disease' is attested already in Old Turkic.

Proto-Turkic: *jĀmčɨk > *jānčɨk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pocket, sash, bag

Russian meaning: карман, мешочек, сумка

Karakhanid: jančuq (MK)

Turkish: janǯɨk

Tatar: jančɨq

Middle Turkic: jančuq (Houts., AH)

Uzbek: jɔnčiq

Uighur: jančuq

Turkmen: jānǯɨq

Khakassian: nančɨɣ, nandɨx

Oyrat: jančɨq, d́ančɨq

Tuva: čančɨq

Bashkir: jansɨq

Karaim: jančɨq, jančɨx

Salar: jenǯux

Kumyk: jančiq

Comments: VEWT 185, EDT 945, ЭСТЯ 4, 118 (related to *jān 'side' by folk-etymology). The old form is preserved in Osm. jamčɨ 'raincoat' etc. (VEWT 184, ЭСТЯ 4, 110; Turk. > Mong. ǯamči, ǯaŋči).

Proto-Turkic: *jAn-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to turn back 2 again

Russian meaning: 1 поворачивать назад 2 снова

Old Turkic: jan- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.), jana 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jan- 1 (MK), jana 2 (MK)

Turkish: jine, jene 2

Tatar: jan- 1, jɛnɛ 2

Middle Turkic: jan- 1, jana 2 (Бор. Бад., Abush.)

Uzbek: jɔn- 1, jana 2

Uighur: jan- 1, jana 2

Sary-Yughur: jan- 1

Azerbaidzhan: jenä 2

Turkmen: jene 2

Khakassian: nan- 1

Shor: nan- 1

Oyrat: jan-, d́an- 1

Tuva: čan- 1

Kirghiz: ǯan- 1, ǯana 2

Kazakh: žäne 2

Noghai: jana 2

Bashkir: jänä 2

Karaim: jana, janɨ, jane 2

Karakalpak: žäne 2

Comments: EDT 941-942, 943, ЭСТЯ 4, 111-112, 114-115.

Proto-Turkic: *jań-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to rout 2 to lead smth. aside 3 to take smb. along

Russian meaning: 1 выгонять, обращать в бегство 2 отводить в сторону 3 брать кого-л. с собой

Old Turkic: jaj- (Ongin) 1, jań-

Yakut: sãjɨs- 3

Tuva: čaj- 2

Comments: EDT 942. Cf. also *jaj-ra- 'to fall apart' (VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 80); the root is somewhat hard to distinguish from *jāj- 'to shake' - but seems to be distinct.

Proto-Turkic: *jạnč- / *jenč-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to crush

Russian meaning: ломать

Old Turkic: janč- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: janč-, jenč- (MK)

Turkish: jenč-

Tatar: jɛnče-

Middle Turkic: jenč- (R.)

Uzbek: jänč-

Uighur: jänč-

Turkmen: jenč-

Shor: naš-

Yakut: sɨs- / sɨń-

Kirghiz: ǯanč-

Kazakh: žanšɨ-

Noghai: janšɨ-

Karaim: janč-, jenč-, janc-

Karakalpak: ženš-

Kumyk: janč-

Comments: EDT 944, ЭСТЯ 4, 184-185. Turk. > WMong. ǯanči-, janči-, KW 466, Щербак 1997, 122. See also notes to *jān(u)- 'threaten'.

Proto-Turkic: *jan-, *jan-tɨr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to burn (itr.), blaze up 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to shine

Russian meaning: 1 гореть, загораться 2 жечь 3 зажигать 4 светить

Karakhanid: jan- 1 (MK)

Turkish: jan- 1

Tatar: jan- 1, jandɨr- 2

Middle Turkic: jan- 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔn- 1

Uighur: jan- 1 (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: jan- 1, jandɨr- 2

Turkmen: jan- 1

Chuvash: śon- 1, śondar- 2

Yakut: san-dār- 4

Kirghiz: ǯan- 1

Kazakh: žan- 1

Noghai: jan- 1, jandɨr- 2

Bashkir: jan- 1

Balkar: žan- 1

Gagauz: jan- 1

Karaim: jan- 1

Karakalpak: žan- 1

Kumyk: jan- 1

Comments: VEWT 184, EDT 942, 947-948, ЭСТЯ 4, 112, Федотов 2, 136, Лексика 362.

Proto-Turkic: *jAńka-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to shake, bring into motion

Russian meaning: качать(ся), приводить в движение

Old Turkic: jajqa-n- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jajqa-l- (MK)

Turkish: jajka-

Middle Turkic: jajqa-l- (Sangl., Pav. C.)

Uighur: (dial.) jajqa-

Turkmen: jajqa-

Khakassian: čajxa-, dial. najxal-

Oyrat: d́ajqa-, dial. d́ajɣa-

Tuva: ča'jɣa-

Tofalar: ča'jha- (Рас. ФиЛ 77)

Kirghiz: ǯajqa-

Kazakh: žajqal-

Noghai: jajqa-l-

Karaim: jajqa-

Comments: ОСНЯ 3, 58-59, ЭСТЯ 4, 77-78, EDT 981. PT *jańka- is usually treated as derived from *jāj- 'to shake, rinse' (see e.g. ЭСТЯ 4, 75-76, EDT ibid.), but the latter does not seem to show any traces of nasal and may be separately compared with Mong. ǯaji-lu- 'to rinse', ǯaji-mu- 'to shake, stir', see KW 471.

Proto-Turkic: *jaŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 echo 2 sound, resound 3 to sound, pronounce

Russian meaning: 1 эхо 2 подражание звукам, звучание 3 звучать

Old Turkic: jaŋqu 1 (OUygh.), jaŋra- (Orkh.) 3

Karakhanid: jaŋqu 1, jaŋra- 3 (MK)

Turkish: jankɨ 1

Tatar: jaŋɣɨra- 3

Middle Turkic: jaŋqu 1 (AH)

Uzbek: jaŋgra- 3

Turkmen: jaŋ 2, jaŋra- 3

Oyrat: d́aŋu 1, d́aŋɨr- 3

Yakut: saŋa 2

Dolgan: haŋa 2

Tuva: čaŋɣɨ 1

Kirghiz: ǯaŋɨr- 3

Noghai: jaŋɨra- 3

Bashkir: jaŋɣɨra- 3

Karakalpak: žaŋɣɨr- 3

Kumyk: janɣɨr- 3

Comments: EDT 949, 952, ЭСТЯ 4, 119, 122, 124, Stachowski 96. Turk. > WMong. jaŋ 'melody' (Щербак 1997, 164).

Proto-Turkic: *jAŋak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: door post

Russian meaning: дверной косяк

Karakhanid: (qapuɣ) jaŋaqɨ (MK)

Tatar: jaŋaq

Oyrat: jāq

Tuva: čāq

Bashkir: jaŋaq

Comments: DT 948, ЭСТЯ 4, 123-124. The root is traditionally considered merely a variant of *jạjŋak 'cheek, jaw' (v. sub *zi̯ā̀ni), but it may be possible to separate them etymologically. Tat. > Chuv. janax > Mari, Udm. janak (Федотов 2, 500).

Proto-Turkic: *jAŋgak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: walnut

Russian meaning: грецкий орех

Old Turkic: jaɣaq (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: jaɣaq (MK)

Tatar: jaŋaq, ǯaŋɣaq (dial.)

Middle Turkic: jaŋɣaq (Pav. C., Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: jɔŋɣɔq

Uighur: jaŋaq, jaŋɣaq

Turkmen: jaŋaq, jaŋɣaq (dial.)

Halaj: jaɣāq

Kirghiz: ǯaŋaq, ǯaŋɣaq

Kazakh: žaŋɣaq

Karakalpak: žaŋɣaq

Comments: VEWT 186, ЭСТЯ 4, 59-60, Лексика 112. Turkic > Hung. dió (see MNyTESz 1, 641).

Proto-Turkic: *jaŋɨ / *jeŋi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: new

Russian meaning: новый

Old Turkic: jaŋɨ (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaŋɨ (MK)

Turkish: jeni

Tatar: jaŋa

Middle Turkic: jaŋɨ (MA, Abush.)

Uzbek: jangụ

Uighur: jeŋi

Sary-Yughur: jaŋɨ

Azerbaidzhan: jeni

Turkmen: jaŋɨ 'just, recently'

Khakassian: nā

Shor: na (Верб.)

Oyrat: d́aŋɨ

Halaj: jäŋgi

Chuvash: śǝnǝ

Yakut: saŋa

Dolgan: haŋa; hiŋil 'young'

Tuva: čā

Tofalar: ńā̃

Kirghiz: ǯaŋɨ

Kazakh: žaŋa

Noghai: jaŋɨ

Bashkir: jaŋɨ

Balkar: žanɣɨ

Gagauz: jeni

Karaim: jɨŋgɨ

Karakalpak: žaŋa

Salar: jaŋɨ

Kumyk: jaŋɨ

Comments: VEWT 185 (Räsänen is deriving this word from *jān 'side' which is quite improbable), EDT 943-4, ЭСТЯ 4, 124-125, Лексика 85, Stachowski 96, 104. Turk. > MMo, WMong. ǯaŋgi, Kalm. zäŋǵǝ 'news' (KW 470; doubts about this borrowing in TMN 1, 281, based on the early attestation of the meaning "discussion" in Mong., are hardly founded).

Proto-Turkic: *jAŋɨl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 mistake, fault 2 to err, make a mistake

Russian meaning: 1 ошибка, вина 2 ошибаться

Old Turkic: jaŋɨl- 2, jaŋluq 1(Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaŋɨl- 2, jaŋluq 1(MK)

Turkish: janlɨš 1, janɨl- 2

Tatar: jalɣɨš- 2

Middle Turkic: jaɣɨl- (Бор. Бад., Ettuhf., Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: jaŋliš- 2

Uighur: jeŋil-, jaŋliš- 2

Sary-Yughur: jaŋɨl 1

Azerbaidzhan: janlɨš 1

Turkmen: jalŋɨš 1, jalŋɨš- 2

Shor: nāl- 2

Oyrat: jaŋɨl-, d́aŋɨl- 2

Kirghiz: ǯaŋɨl- 2

Kazakh: žaŋɨl- 2

Bashkir: jaŋɨlɨš- 2

Gagauz: jannɨš 1

Karaim: jaŋɨl-, jaŋɣɨl- 2

Kumyk: jaŋɨl-, jaŋlɨš- 2

Comments: VEWT 186, EDT 950, 951, ЭСТЯ 4, 120-121. Suffixless *jaŋ is poorly attested and probably does not exist.