Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *imiti ( ~ *ɨmɨt)

Meaning: a k. of hawthorn

Russian meaning: вид боярышника

Old Turkic: imiti (Rach.) (can also be read as ɨmɨt)

Comments: ДТС 209. Attested only in Old Uyghur, but having possible parallels in Tung. and Jpn. Turk. > Mong. imidi (the word has been pointed out by Stefan Georg, who found it out in Позднеев: Учебник тибетской медицины (1908 г.), 339); cf. also WMong. imdij, Khalkha imdij 'боярышник полуперистый' (БАМРС). The Turkic word is, of course, not from Mongolian (which certainly has a borrowed shape with -d- in front of -i).

Proto-Turkic: *in-gek (/*ɨn-gak), *in-ken

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 cow 2 female camel

Russian meaning: 1 корова 2 верблюдица

Old Turkic: ingek (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, ingen 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ingek 1, ingen 2 (MK)

Turkish: inek 1

Tatar: ĭnäk 1 (dial.)

Middle Turkic: inek 1 (AH), inen 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: inäk, inäj 1 (dial.)

Uighur: inäk 1, (dial.) ingan, iŋgan 2

Sary-Yughur: inek, enek 1

Azerbaidzhan: inäk 1

Turkmen: inek 1 (ЭСТЯ), inen 2

Khakassian: ĭnek 1

Shor: inek, näk 1

Oyrat: inek, ijnek 1

Chuvash: ǝne 1

Yakut: ɨnax 1

Tuva: inek 1, eŋgin 2

Kirghiz: inek 1, iŋgen 2

Kazakh: inek 1, ĭŋgen 2

Balkar: inek, ijnek 1

Gagauz: inek 1

Karaim: inek 1

Karakalpak: iŋgen 2

Kumyk: inek 1

Comments: EDT 184, VEWT 172, ЭСТЯ 1, 358-361, Егоров 64, Лексика 436, 447-448). Turk. > Mong. iŋgen 'female camel'; Hung. ünő 'heifer' (Gombocz 1912).

Proto-Turkic: *ini

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: younger brother

Russian meaning: младший брат

Old Turkic: ini (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ini (MK)

Turkish: ini

Tatar: ĭnĭ

Middle Turkic: ini (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ini

Uighur: ini

Sary-Yughur: ini, ɨnɨ

Azerbaidzhan: ini (dial.)

Turkmen: ini

Oyrat: ini, īn

Yakut: ini, inī

Dolgan: ini-bī

Kirghiz: ini

Kazakh: ĭnĭ

Noghai: ini

Bashkir: ĭnĭ

Karakalpak: ini

Kumyk: ini

Comments: EDT 170, VEWT 172, TMN 2, 226, ЭСТЯ 1, 362-363, Лексика 292, Stachowski 126.

Proto-Turkic: *(i)öm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: trousers

Russian meaning: брюки, штаны

Old Turkic: üm (OUygh.) (=öm)

Karakhanid: öm (MK)

Turkish: im (Osm.)

Middle Turkic: ɨm (Kypch. Houts.)

Sary-Yughur: ɨm, jɨm, jüm

Halaj: ẹ̄̂m

Chuvash: jǝʷm

Comments: EDT 155, VEWT 520-521, Егоров 78, Федотов 1, 195, Мудрак 119, Лексика 478.

Proto-Turkic: *iri-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to rot 2 pus 3 to turn sour, coagulate

Russian meaning: 1 гнить 2 гной 3 прокисать, створаживаться

Old Turkic: jirü- 1 (OUygh.), iriŋ 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: iri- 1, iriŋ 2 (MK)

Turkish: irin 2

Tatar: ĭrĭ- 3, ĭrĭn 2

Middle Turkic: iriŋ 2

Uzbek: iri- 1, jiriŋ 2

Uighur: ǯiriŋ 2

Azerbaidzhan: irin 2

Turkmen: iriŋ 2

Khakassian: ĭrĭ- 1, 3, ĭrĭn 2

Oyrat: iri- 3, iriŋ 2

Yakut: ireŋe 2

Dolgan: ireŋe 2

Tuva: iri- 1, iriŋ 2

Kirghiz: iri- 1, 3, iriŋ 2

Kazakh: ĭrĭ- 1, 3, ĭrĭn 2

Noghai: irin 2

Bashkir: ĭrĭ- 3, ĭrĭn 2

Balkar: irin 2

Gagauz: jirin 2

Karaim: irin 2

Karakalpak: iri- 1, 3, iriŋ 2

Comments: EDT 198, 233, ЭСТЯ 1, 372-374, Stachowski 128.

Proto-Turkic: *irk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to gather

Russian meaning: собирать(ся)

Karakhanid: irk- (MK)

Turkish: irk-

Middle Turkic: irk- (Pav. C.)

Turkmen: irik- (dial.)

Kirghiz: irk-il-

Kazakh: irk-

Comments: EDT 221, ЭСТЯ 1, 378-379.

Proto-Turkic: *iske-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to pinch, pluck out 2 pincers 3 chisel

Russian meaning: 1 выщипывать 2 щипчики, клещи 3 резец, долото

Karakhanid: iske- (MK) 1

Azerbaidzhan: iskänä 3

Turkmen: iskew 2, isgänä 3

Yakut: iskex 2

Comments: EDT 246, VEWT 174 (Tadzh. iskana probably < Turk.), ЭСТЯ 1, 382-383.

Proto-Turkic: *it-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to push, hit

Russian meaning: толкать, ударять

Karakhanid: it- (MK)

Turkish: it-

Tatar: ĭt-

Middle Turkic: it- (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: itar-

Uighur: itär-

Sary-Yughur: it-

Turkmen: it-

Khakassian: ĭt-

Shor: it-

Oyrat: it-, ijt-

Yakut: üt-

Dolgan: it-, üt-

Tuva: it-

Kazakh: ĭjter-

Bashkir: ĭt-

Gagauz: jitir-

Karaim: it-

Karakalpak: ijter-

Comments: EDT 38, VEWT 174, ЭСТЯ 1, 386-387, Stachowski 129, 254.

Proto-Turkic: *itelgü

Meaning: a bird of prey

Russian meaning: хищная птица

Turkish: ötlägü

Uzbek: itälgü

Turkmen: itelgi

Comments: VEWT 175. Turk. > Kalm. itḷɣǝ (KW 211). [rather < Mong.]

Proto-Turkic: *īg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: illness, decease

Russian meaning: болезнь

Old Turkic: ig (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ig (MK, KB, Tefs.)

Turkish: iɣǯil

Middle Turkic: ig (Sangl., Houts.)

Turkmen: īgli 'rickety'

Chuvash: jъx 'leprosy, scrofula'

Comments: EDT 98-99, Егоров 76-77, Федотов 1, 189, Мудрак 73, Мудрак Дисс. 157, VEWT 169.

Proto-Turkic: *ījn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hollow, pit, lair

Russian meaning: берлога, яма

Old Turkic: in (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: in, jin (MK)

Turkmen: hīn

Halaj: hị̄n

Chuvash: jǝnǝ

Yakut: īn

Dolgan: īn

Kirghiz: ijin

Comments: EDT 166, VEWT 172, Егоров 79, Stachowski 131.

Proto-Turkic: *īl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to hang on (smth.) 2 hook

Russian meaning: 1 вешать (на что-л.) 2 крючок

Old Turkic: il- (OUygh.) 1, ilin- (refl.) (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: il- (MK) 1, ɨlɨn- (refl.) (MK) 1

Turkish: dial. il- 1, ilmek 2

Tatar: el- 1

Middle Turkic: ɨl- (Abush., Sangl.), ɨlɨn- (refl.) (Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: il- 1, ilmɔq 2

Uighur: il- 1, ilmaq 2, 'loop'

Azerbaidzhan: ilmäk 2

Turkmen: īl- 1

Khakassian: ǝl-

Oyrat: il- 1, ilmek 2

Chuvash: jъlъ, jъlmak 'loop'

Yakut: īl- 1

Tuva: il- 1

Tofalar: il- 1

Kirghiz: il- 1, ilmek 2

Kazakh: il- 1

Noghai: il- 1

Bashkir: el- 1

Balkar: ilin- (refl.) 1

Karakalpak: il- 1, ilmek 2

Kumyk: il- 1

Comments: VEWT 170, ЭСТЯ 1, 343-346, Егоров 73-74.

Proto-Turkic: *īĺč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: work, deed

Russian meaning: работа, дело

Old Turkic: iš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ɨš (MK)

Turkish: iš

Tatar: ĭš

Middle Turkic: iš (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: iš

Uighur: iš

Sary-Yughur: is, ɨs

Azerbaidzhan: iš

Turkmen: īš

Oyrat: iš

Halaj: ị̄š

Chuvash: ǝś

Yakut: īs

Tuva: iš

Kirghiz: iš

Kazakh: ĭs

Noghai: is

Bashkir: ĭš

Balkar: iš

Gagauz: iš

Karaim: iš

Karakalpak: is

Kumyk: iš

Comments: EDT 254, VEWT 174, ЭСТЯ 1, 395-396, Егоров 66.

Proto-Turkic: *īr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shame, be ashamed, frighten away

Russian meaning: стыд, стыдиться, отпугивать

Karakhanid: ir-, iril- (MK)

Turkmen: īr-

Khakassian: irǝk- 'to languish, be bored'

Chuvash: jǝrǝn-

Yakut: īr- 'to rave, become crazy'

Comments: EDT 192, VEWT 173, (incorrect in) Егоров 80.

Proto-Turkic: *īŕ / *ɨ̄ŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 trace 2 furrow

Russian meaning: 1 след 2 борозда, межа

Old Turkic: iz 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: iz 1 (MK)

Turkish: iz 1

Tatar: ĭz 1, ɨzan 2

Middle Turkic: iz 1 (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: iz 1

Uighur: iz 1

Sary-Yughur: is 1

Azerbaidzhan: iz 1

Turkmen: ɨ̄z 1

Khakassian: ĭs 1

Oyrat: is 1

Chuvash: jǝr 1, jъran 2

Tuva: is 1

Kirghiz: iz 1

Kazakh: ĭz 1

Noghai: ɨz 1, ɨzan 2

Bashkir: ĭδ 1, ɨδan 2

Balkar: ɨz 1

Gagauz: jiz 1

Karaim: iz, ɨz 1

Karakalpak: iz 1

Kumyk: hɨzan 2

Comments: EDT 277, ЭСТЯ 1, 383-385, 646, 647, VEWT 175, Егоров 79, 75. There exists a verbal derivative *īŕ-te- 'to follow one's tracks', attested as iste- as early as in OUygh. (see EDT 243) and in many modern languages (see ЭСТЯ 1, 383); but simultaneously there is a variant *īr-te- (with *-ŕ- > -r- according to Helimski's rule), attested already in MK (see EDT 208) and in Yak., Dolg. irdē-, see Stachowski 128.

Proto-Turkic: *ɨč-, *ɨč-gɨn-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to lose, disappear

Russian meaning: терять(ся), пропадать

Old Turkic: ɨčɣɨn- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ɨčɣɨn- (MK), ɨč- (KB)

Tatar: ɨčqɨn-

Middle Turkic: ɨčqɨn- (Abush., Pav. C.)

Khakassian: ɨsxɨn-

Shor: ɨšqɨn-

Oyrat: ɨčqɨn-, ɨqčɨn-

Yakut: ɨhɨgɨn-

Tuva: ɨšqɨn-

Kirghiz: ɨčqɨn-

Noghai: ɨšqɨn-

Bashkir: ɨsqɨn-

Balkar: ɨčxɨn-

Kumyk: išɣɨn-

Comments: VEWT 164, ЭСТЯ 1, 672-673, ДТС 216.

Proto-Turkic: *ɨduk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sacred

Russian meaning: священный

Old Turkic: ɨduq (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ɨδuq (MK)

Khakassian: ɨzɨx

Oyrat: ɨjɨq, ijik

Chuvash: jǝrǝx

Yakut: ɨtɨq

Tuva: ɨdɨq

Kirghiz: ɨjɨq

Balkar: ɨjɨq

Comments: EDT 46, ЭСТЯ 1, 649-650, Егоров 80, Федотов 199, TMN 230-231 (most sources give a dubious inner Turkic derivation < *ɨd- 'to send', based on the old gloss in MK - most probably a folk etymology).

Proto-Turkic: *ɨjŋa-la-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to cry, weep

Russian meaning: плакать, рыдать

Karakhanid: aŋɨla- 'to cry, howl (of a donkey)' (МК) (?)

Turkish: inle-, dial. iŋile-

Tatar: eŋgelde-

Middle Turkic: OKypch. iŋle- (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: ingala-

Azerbaidzhan: inlä-

Turkmen: iŋle-

Khakassian: ɨlɣa-

Shor: ɨlɣa-

Oyrat: ɨjla-

Halaj: ị̄län-

Yakut: ɨj̃ɨla-

Tuva: ɨjɨla-, ɨɨla-

Kirghiz: ɨjla-

Kazakh: ɨnqɨl-da-

Bashkir: ɨjla-

Gagauz: inne-

Karaim: inle-

Karakalpak: ɨŋɨl-da-

Comments: VEWT 172, EDT 186, ЭСТЯ 1, 366-367.

Proto-Turkic: *ɨjs

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 smoke 2 soot, dirty smoke 3 scent, odour 4 fumes

Russian meaning: 1 дым 2 копоть, сажа 3 запах, аромат 4 испарения

Turkish: is 2

Tatar: is 3

Uighur: is 1

Azerbaidzhan: his 2

Turkmen: ɨ̄s 3

Chuvash: jъs 3

Yakut: ɨ̄s 1, 2

Dolgan: ɨ̄s 1, 2

Kirghiz: is 4

Noghai: ijis 3

Karakalpak: ijis 3

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 379, Егоров 76, Stachowski 263. The original meaning must have been 'smell, odour', see notes to *ɨ̄ĺ(č) (cf. the opposition ɨs 'soot' - ijis 'smell' in Nogai etc.).

Proto-Turkic: *ɨ, *ɨ-(ń)gač

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tree

Russian meaning: 1 дерево 2 лес

Old Turkic: ɨɣač (Orkh., OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jɨɣač (MK) 1

Turkish: aɣač 1

Tatar: aɣač 1

Middle Turkic: aɣaǯ (Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: jɔɣɔč 1

Uighur: jaɣač 1

Sary-Yughur: jiɣaš 1

Azerbaidzhan: aɣač 1

Turkmen: aGač 1

Khakassian: aɣas 1, 2

Shor: aɣaš 1, 2

Oyrat: aɣaš 1, 2

Halaj: haɣač 1

Chuvash: jɨvъś 1

Yakut: mas 1

Dolgan: mas 1

Tuva: ɨ̃jaš 1, 2

Tofalar: ńɛš 1

Kirghiz: ǯɨɣač 1

Kazakh: aɣaš 1, 2

Noghai: aɣas 1, 2

Bashkir: aɣas 1

Balkar: aɣač 1, 2

Gagauz: āč 1

Karaim: aɣač, -c 1

Karakalpak: aɣaš 1

Salar: aɣač, -š 1 (ССЯ)

Kumyk: aɣač 1, 2

Comments: VEWT 7, ЭСТЯ 1, 71-73, TMN 2, 73f, EDT 79-80, Егоров 83, Лексика 104, Stachowski 176. The form contains perhaps PT *ɨ 'bush, tree' as the first component (for OT ɨ see EDT 1), cf. the OT combination ɨ ɨɣač; but the second element is yet unclear.