Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *Erneg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: edge (of a dish)

Russian meaning: край, кромка (посуды)

Turkish: ernek (dial.)

Tatar: irnäw

Middle Turkic: ernek (Pav. C.)

Turkmen: erŋek

Kirghiz: erdȫ

Kazakh: ernew

Bashkir: irne- 'to border'

Karakalpak: ernek

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 301. The root is attested late and may be theoretically derived from *Erin 'lip' (v. sub *i̯ằré); however, the latter can also mean 'edge (of a dish)' in some languages and one can suspect that PT actually merged *Erin 'lip' and *Erin 'edge', while the form *Erneg was derived only from the latter.

Proto-Turkic: *erŋek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: finger, thumb

Russian meaning: палец, большой палец

Old Turkic: erŋek (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: erŋek, dial. ernek (MK)

Middle Turkic: ernek (Pav. C.)

Khakassian: irgek

Oyrat: ergek

Yakut: erbex

Dolgan: erbek 'peg'

Tuva: ergek

Comments: EDT 234, ЭСТЯ 1, 299, Лексика 253-255, Stachowski 47.

Proto-Turkic: *erük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 plum 2 apricot

Russian meaning: 1 слива 2 абрикос

Old Turkic: erük 1, 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: erük 1, 2 (MK)

Turkish: erik 1

Tatar: ü̆rĭk 2

Middle Turkic: erük (AH) 'peach', örük (Abush.) 1

Uzbek: ọrịk 2

Uighur: ürük 2

Azerbaidzhan: ärik 2

Turkmen: erik 2

Kirghiz: örük 2

Kazakh: orĭk 2

Bashkir: ü̆rü̆k 2

Balkar: erik 1

Gagauz: ierik 1

Karaim: erik 1

Karakalpak: erik 2

Salar: örüx 1

Kumyk: erik 1

Comments: EDT 222, ЭСТЯ 1, 291-292.

Proto-Turkic: *es

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 memory, mind 2 to pity, regret

Russian meaning: 1 память, рассудок 2 жалеть, сожалеть

Old Turkic: es 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: es 1 (KB), esirge- 2 (MK)

Tatar: is 1

Middle Turkic: es 1 (AH, KW)

Uzbek: es 1

Uighur: äs 1

Azerbaidzhan: äksi (< äs-ki) 'clever'

Turkmen: es 1

Oyrat: es 1

Chuvash: as 1

Kazakh: es 1

Noghai: es 1

Bashkir: iɵ 1

Balkar: es 1

Karaim: es 1

Karakalpak: es 1

Kumyk: es 1

Comments: EDT 252, VEWT 49, 50, ЭСТЯ 1, 310, Егоров 33, Федотов 1, 61. Turk. > WMong. esi, Kalm. iš 'allowing, etiquette'.

Proto-Turkic: *es-(kü)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: old, ancient

Russian meaning: старый

Old Turkic: eski (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eski (MK, KB)

Turkish: eski, dial. esgi

Tatar: iske

Middle Turkic: eski (Sangl., Pav. C., AH, IM)

Uzbek: eski

Uighur: eski, öski

Azerbaidzhan: äski, äsilli 'grown up'

Turkmen: esgi

Oyrat: eski

Chuvash: as-lъ 'great', az-(-atte, -anne) 'grandfather, grandmother'

Yakut: ösük 'ancient times'

Kirghiz: eski

Kazakh: eski

Noghai: eski

Bashkir: iɵke

Balkar: eski

Gagauz: i̯eski

Karaim: eski

Karakalpak: eski

Kumyk: esgi, eski

Comments: VEWT 50, ЭСТЯ 1, 306-308, Лексика 86, EDT 246, Федотов 1, 63-64. Cf. also Turk. *asɨ- 'old, last year's' (VEWT 29).

Proto-Turkic: *ẹsür-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to become drunk

Russian meaning: пьянеть, напиваться

Old Turkic: esür- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: esür- (MK)

Turkish: esri-

Tatar: isĭr-

Middle Turkic: esri- (AH)

Uzbek: äsĭr- (dial.)

Turkmen: esre-

Khakassian: izĭr-

Shor: ezir-

Oyrat: ezir-

Chuvash: üzǝr-

Yakut: itir-

Dolgan: itiriktē- 'to rejoice, have a feast'

Tuva: ezir-

Tofalar: e`siri-

Kirghiz: esir-

Kazakh: esĭr-

Noghai: esir-

Bashkir: iɵĭr-

Balkar: esir-

Karaim: esir-

Karakalpak: esir-

Kumyk: esir-

Comments: EDT 251, VEWT 50, ЭСТЯ 1, 309-310, Stachowski 130.

Proto-Turkic: *et

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: meat

Russian meaning: мясо

Old Turkic: et (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: et (MK)

Turkish: et

Tatar: it

Middle Turkic: et (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: et

Uighur: ät

Sary-Yughur: jeht

Azerbaidzhan: ät

Turkmen: et

Khakassian: it

Shor: et

Oyrat: et

Halaj: ät ( < Az.?)

Chuvash: üt

Yakut: et

Dolgan: et

Tuva: e't

Tofalar: e't

Kirghiz: et

Kazakh: et

Noghai: et

Bashkir: it

Balkar: et

Gagauz: jet'

Karaim: et

Karakalpak: et

Salar: äht

Kumyk: et

Comments: VEWT 52, EDT 33, ЭСТЯ 1, 311-312, Лексика 455, Stachowski 48.

Proto-Turkic: *Etek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lap, edge of cloth

Russian meaning: подол, край одежды

Karakhanid: etek (MK)

Turkish: etek

Tatar: itäk

Middle Turkic: etek (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: etäk

Uighur: etäk

Azerbaidzhan: ätäk

Turkmen: etek

Khakassian: idek

Shor: edek

Oyrat: edek

Halaj: hätäk

Tuva: e'dek

Kirghiz: etek

Kazakh: etek

Noghai: etek

Bashkir: itäk

Balkar: etek

Gagauz: ietek

Karaim: etek

Karakalpak: etek

Kumyk: etek

Comments: EDT 50, VEWT 52, ЭСТЯ 1, 313.

Proto-Turkic: *et-mek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bread

Russian meaning: хлеб

Old Turkic: ötmek (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: etmek (MK), epmek (MK - Oghuz, Qypch.)

Turkish: etmek, ekmek

Tatar: ikmäk

Middle Turkic: etmek, ötmek (Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: äppäk

Turkmen: (dial.) ekmek, epmek

Khakassian: ipek

Shor: itpäk

Oyrat: ötpök

Noghai: ötpek

Bashkir: ikmäk

Balkar: ötmek

Gagauz: iekmek

Karaim: ekmek, etmek, ötmek

Kumyk: ekmek

Comments: EDT 12, 60, VEWT 376, ЭСТЯ 1, 254-256. The oldest form is clearly *et-mek with various subsequent assimilations.

Proto-Turkic: *ēb-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to hurry 2 quick

Russian meaning: 1 спешить 2 быстрый

Old Turkic: evük (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: ev- (KB) 1, evek 2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: ev- 1

Middle Turkic: ev- (MA, IM, Qutb., Houts.)

Turkmen: ǟv- 1

Khakassian: ibek 2

Shor: ibek 2

Chuvash: avaš- 1; avъk 'moment; quick'

Comments: EDT 4, 8-9, VEWT 34, Егоров 19 (Федотов 1, 25-26 - differently).

Proto-Turkic: *ēč- (~ī-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to submit

Russian meaning: подчинять

Old Turkic: ičik- (Orkh., OUygh.), ečik- (Yen.)

Karakhanid: ečik- (MK)

Uighur: ečin- 'to repent, regret'

Turkmen: eǯīz 'weak, fenceless'

Khakassian: is- 'to obey'

Comments: EDT 25.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹ̄diĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: vessel

Russian meaning: сосуд

Old Turkic: ediš (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ed/δiš (MK), ijiš (IM)

Middle Turkic: ediš (Abush., Sangl.), iδiš (Qutb)

Turkmen: īdiš (dial.)

Khakassian: dial. edis

Halaj: hidị̄š

Yakut: ihit

Tuva: idiš

Tofalar: idiš

Kirghiz: idiš

Kazakh: ɨdɨs

Karakalpak: ɨdɨs

Comments: VEWT 36, EDT 72, ЭСТЯ 1, 328-329. Turk. > Mong. idiš (see Щербак 1997, 119). Yak. ihit < isit < itis; most of the other modern forms are probably backloans < Mong.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹ̄g-id-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to grow, bring up 2 high, raised up 3 huge

Russian meaning: 1 растить, воспитывать 2 высокий, поднятый 3 огромный

Old Turkic: igid-, egid- 1, ediz (< *ēdgiŕ) 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: igiδ- 1, eδiz 2 (MK)

Turkmen: ǟgirt 3

Yakut: īt- 1

Dolgan: īt- 1

Comments: EDT 73, 103, VEWT 36, 169, ЭСТЯ 1, 224-225, Stachowski 131.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹ̄ke-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to file 2 file (n.)

Russian meaning: 1 пилить, обтачивать 2 напильник

Karakhanid: ike- ( ~ ege-) 1 (MK)

Turkish: eje 2

Tatar: igä- 1, igäw 2

Middle Turkic: ekäk 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: egɔw 2

Uighur: ekäk, igäk 2

Azerbaidzhan: äjä 2

Turkmen: īge 2

Khakassian: ige- 1

Oyrat: ege- 1, egü 2

Chuvash: jǝgev 'whetstone'

Yakut: igī 2

Dolgan: igī 2

Tuva: eɣe-, öɣe- 1, eɣē 2

Kirghiz: ege-, ögö- 1, egȫ, ögȫ 2

Kazakh: ege- 1, egew 2

Noghai: ege- 1, egew 2

Bashkir: igä- 1, igäw 2

Balkar: egew 2

Gagauz: ija 2

Karaim: ege, egew 2

Karakalpak: ege- 1, egew 2

Kumyk: egew 2

Comments: EDT 101, VEWT 38, ЭСТЯ 1, 326-328, TMN 2, 93, Егоров 77, Лексика 399, Stachowski 123.

Proto-Turkic: *ēke- (~ ī-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be insolent, quarrel

Russian meaning: быть дерзким, ссориться

Karakhanid: ike-, ikeš- (MK)

Turkish: igeš-

Tatar: egeš-

Turkmen: īgen- 'to scold, growl at'

Yakut: eɣe 'faultfinding', eɣelē- 'to find faults'

Tuva: egen- 'to feel uncomfortable'

Kirghiz: egeš-

Kazakh: eges-

Noghai: eges-

Comments: EDT 101, 118-119.

Proto-Turkic: *ēĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to dig 2 to tear, rip open 3 to row 4 to swim 5 to throw away

Russian meaning: 1 копать 2 рвать 3 грести 4 плавать 5 выкидывать

Turkish: eš- 1

Tatar: iš- 2

Middle Turkic: eš- 1 (Abush.)

Azerbaidzhan: eš- 2

Turkmen: ijš-gek `oar'

Khakassian: is- 3

Halaj: häšü-

Chuvash: alt- 1

Yakut: es-, is- 5

Tuva: ešti- 4, eš- 3

Tofalar: eš-, e'hit- 3

Kirghiz: eš- 1

Comments: VEWT 51, EDT 255-6, ЭСТЯ 1, 315-316, Мудрак Дисс. 95. Chuv. iš- 'to row; to swim; to demolish, tear' is evidently borrowed from Tat. (as opposed to the genuine al-t- ). Khal. h- is unclear here (external evidence clearly points to *0-).

Proto-Turkic: *ēl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 peace 2 people, country

Russian meaning: 1 мир 2 народ, страна

Old Turkic: el 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: el 1, 2 (MK)

Turkish: il, el 2

Tatar: il 2

Middle Turkic: il (AH), el (Abush., Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: el 2

Uighur: il, äl 2

Azerbaidzhan: el 2

Turkmen: īl 2

Khakassian: il 2

Oyrat: el 2

Chuvash: jal 2

Yakut: il 2

Kirghiz: el 2

Kazakh: el 2

Noghai: el 2

Bashkir: il 2

Balkar: el 2

Gagauz: iel 2

Karaim: el 2

Karakalpak: el 2

Kumyk: el 2

Comments: EDT 121-122, VEWT 39, TMN 2, 194, ЭСТЯ 1, 339-343, Егоров 352, Лексика 316. The meaning "peace" attested in MK is probably the most archaic (cf. the external parallels; typologically cf. also Slavic *mirъ 'peace' > 'world'), suggesting a development *'peace' > 'peaceful people, realm, country'.

Proto-Turkic: *ēĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to spin, twist

Russian meaning: вить, сучить, плести

Tatar: iš-

Middle Turkic: eš- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: eš-

Uighur: äš-

Azerbaidzhan: eš-

Turkmen: īš-

Tuva: eš-

Kirghiz: eš-

Kazakh: es-

Bashkir: iš-

Balkar: eš-

Karaim: eš-

Karakalpak: es-

Kumyk: eš-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 396.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹ̄ĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: friend, companion, mate

Russian meaning: друг, товарищ

Old Turkic: eš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eš (MK)

Turkish: eš

Middle Turkic: eš (Sangl.)

Chuvash: jɨš 'family'

Tuva: eš

Tofalar: eš

Comments: EDT 253-254, ЭСТЯ 1, 313-314, Егоров 83, Лексика 314.

Proto-Turkic: *ēĺü-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to cover 2 (door) curtain > door

Russian meaning: 1 покрывать 2 (дверной) занавес > дверь

Karakhanid: ešü- 1, ešik / ešük 2 (MK)

Turkish: ešik 2

Tatar: išĭk 2

Middle Turkic: išik 2 (AH, IM), išük (IM), ešik 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ešik 2

Azerbaidzhan: ešik 2

Turkmen: īšik 2

Khakassian: īzĭk, ĭzĭk 2

Shor: ežik 2

Oyrat: ežik 2

Halaj: ẹ̄̂šük 2

Chuvash: algъ, alъk 2

Tuva: ežik 2

Kirghiz: ešik 2

Noghai: esik 2

Bashkir: išĭk 2

Balkar: ešik 2

Gagauz: ješik 2

Karaim: ešik 2

Karakalpak: esik 2

Kumyk: ešik 2

Comments: EDT 256, 260, TMN 2, 183-184, Егоров 24, ЭСТЯ 1, 396-398, Лексика 511-512, 517.