Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *en

Meaning: not (prohibitive particle)

Russian meaning: не (запретительная частица)

Chuvash: an

Comments: Егоров 26-27, Федотов 1, 43-45. An isolated Chuv. form, but probably archaic (cf. the external evidence). Cf. also Karakh. (MK Oghuz) aŋ 'an exclamation meaning "no"' (see EDT 165) - but it is a hapax, occurs only within a reduplication aŋ aŋ, does not regularly correspond to Chuv. an and may be just onomatopoeic.

Proto-Turkic: *En

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 earmark (on domestic animals) 2 to make an earmark 3 to castrate

Russian meaning: 1 метка на ушах (домашних животных) 2 ставить метку на ушах 3 кастрировать

Karakhanid: ene- 2 (MK), 3 (MK - Kypch.)

Turkish: enek 1, (dial.) en 1, ene- 3

Tatar: inä- (dial.) 2

Middle Turkic: en (Буд.), in (Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: en (dial.) 1

Uighur: än 1

Azerbaidzhan: en (dial.) 1

Khakassian: in 1

Kirghiz: en 1

Kazakh: en 1, dial. ene- 2

Noghai: en 1

Bashkir: in, inäw 1

Karakalpak: en 1

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 177-278, EDT 166, 171.

Proto-Turkic: *Enč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tranquil, at peace

Russian meaning: спокойный, мирный

Old Turkic: enč; enčsire- 'to be uneasy' (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: enč (MK, KB), enčrü-n- 'to live in peace' (KB)

Tatar: inčü 'peace' (dial., Bar., ЯБТ 139) dial.

Sary-Yughur: inǯek-tɨɣ 'quiet' (ЯЖУ 32)

Oyrat: enčü 1, enčik- 'to get accustomed', enčik 'habit', enči-le- 'to soothe'

Comments: EDT 171-172, 173, 174, VEWT 172, 43.

Proto-Turkic: *enük ( ~ *ünek)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: young of a wild animal, puppy

Russian meaning: детеныш дикого животного, щенок

Old Turkic: enük (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: enük (MK)

Turkish: enik, enǯek

Middle Turkic: enük (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: enük (Chag.)

Azerbaidzhan: änix (dial.)

Shor: ünegeš

Oyrat: ünegeš

Chuvash: anǯъk

Yakut: ünüges

Dolgan: ünüges

Tuva: enik

Gagauz: jenik

Comments: EDT 183, VEWT 44, ЭСТЯ 1, 281-283, Егоров 29, Stachowski 251.

Proto-Turkic: *eŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: very

Russian meaning: очень

Old Turkic: eŋ (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eŋ (KB)

Turkish: en

Tatar: iŋ

Uzbek: eŋ

Uighur: äŋ

Sary-Yughur: jeŋ

Azerbaidzhan: än

Turkmen: iŋ

Khakassian: iŋ, dial. niŋ

Shor: eŋ

Oyrat: eŋ

Yakut: eŋin 'diverse, various'

Dolgan: eŋin-eŋin 'diverse'

Tuva: eŋ

Kirghiz: eŋ

Kazakh: eŋ

Noghai: eŋ

Bashkir: iŋ

Balkar: eŋ

Gagauz: heŋ

Karaim: eŋk

Karakalpak: eŋ

Comments: VEWT 45, EDT 166, ЭСТЯ 1, 365-366, Stachowski 43. Turk. > Mong. eŋ, see TMN 2, 130.

Proto-Turkic: *eŋ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to be perplexed 2 stupid 3 bashful, gauche 4 to torture, pester

Russian meaning: 1 быть в недоумении 2 глупый 3 застенчивый, робкий 4 измучить, привести в состояние растерянности

Karakhanid: eŋ- 1; (caus.) eŋit-, eŋtür- (MK); endik 2 (MK)

Turkish: (dial.) endik 3

Middle Turkic: (Xwar.) entik 2 (Qutb)

Uzbek: enka-tenkasini čiqar- 4

Khakassian: iŋde-t- 'to flounder (of thoughts)'

Chuvash: ankъ-minkǝ 'stupidity, madness' (but may be < Tat., see *aŋ-)

Yakut: ? eŋej- 'to look greedily on food, wait for a sop'

Kirghiz: enȫ 'ротозей', ente- 'to become confused', eŋke 'stupid person'

Comments: EDT 168, 179, 181, ЭСТЯ 1, 155, 156-157 (sub *aŋ- 'perplexed, silly').

Proto-Turkic: *eŋir-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to spin 2 to surround

Russian meaning: 1 крутить 2 окружать

Old Turkic: eŋir- (OUygh.) 1

Middle Turkic: eŋir- (Буд.) 2

Tuva: ē̃r- 1

Comments: EDT 113, VEWT 37.

Proto-Turkic: *eŋse

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: back of the neck

Russian meaning: задняя часть шеи

Turkish: ense

Middle Turkic: eŋse, äŋsä (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: ensä

Turkmen: jeŋse

Oyrat: eŋze

Chuvash: ǝnze, jǝnze

Kirghiz: eŋse

Kazakh: eŋse

Noghai: eŋse

Gagauz: jensä

Karaim: eŋse, ense

Karakalpak: eŋse

Kumyk: eŋse

Comments: ЭСТЯ 4, 190-191, Егоров 65, Лексика 237-238.

Proto-Turkic: *Ep-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to blow 2 movement of air, breeze 3 energy, tempo 4 gusty (wind)

Russian meaning: 1 дуть, веять 2 движение воздуха, ветерок 3 порыв, темп, энергия 4 порывистый (о ветре)

Tatar: ip- 1 (Seb.)

Uzbek: äpkin (dial.) 2

Oyrat: epkin 2

Kirghiz: epkin 3

Kazakh: epkin 2

Noghai: epkinli 4

Karakalpak: epkin 3

Comments: Лексика 42.

Proto-Turkic: *Epej

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: baked bread

Russian meaning: печеный хлеб

Tatar: ipi

Bashkir: äpäj

Comments: Forms like epmek may belong here but contaminated with *etmek (v. sub *ite).

Proto-Turkic: *er-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be (aux.)

Russian meaning: быть (вспом.)

Old Turkic: er- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: er- (MK, KB)

Turkish: i-

Tatar: i- (i-ken (perf.) 'it appears', i-meš (evident.) '...says that it is')

Middle Turkic: er- (Abush.)

Uzbek: e-, er-ür (fut.)

Uighur: e-

Sary-Yughur: er-

Azerbaidzhan: i-

Turkmen: er-

Khakassian: i-

Shor: e-

Oyrat: e-

Halaj: är- (D. GCh 182)

Yakut: e-/er-

Dolgan: e-/er-

Tuva: e-/ir-

Kirghiz: e-

Kazakh: e-

Noghai: e-

Bashkir: i-

Balkar: e-

Gagauz: i-/ir-

Karaim: e-

Karakalpak: e-

Salar: ir- (Kakuk 182)

Kumyk: e-

Comments: EDT 193-194, VEWT 46, ЭСТЯ 1, 218-220, Stachowski 42, 46. The verb frequently occurs as e-, without the final -r- (see ibid.).

Proto-Turkic: *er-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , joke

Russian meaning: 1 кокетство 2 баловство, ласка 3 избалованный, любимый 4 забава, шутка

Turkish: erke (dial.) 3

Tatar: irkä 3, (dial.) irmäk 4

Middle Turkic: erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: erkä 1, 3, ermak 4

Uighur: ärkä 3, ermäk 4

Azerbaidzhan: ärkä (dial.) 2, 3

Turkmen: ermek 4 (dial.)

Khakassian: irkä 3

Shor: erke 3, erbek 4

Oyrat: erke 3, ermek, erbek 4

Chuvash: jǝrgǝn `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.)

Yakut: erke 2

Tuva: erɣe 2

Kirghiz: erke 3, ermek 4

Kazakh: erke 3, ermek 4

Noghai: erke 3

Bashkir: irkä 3, irmäk 4

Balkar: erke 3

Karakalpak: erke 3, ermek 4

Kumyk: erke 3

Comments: VEWT 48, ЭСТЯ 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eriĺ- 'contest' (suggested in ЭСТЯ 297) is dubious.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to scratch, scrape 2 to knead, press 3 to grind, crush 4 to soak, dilute 5 to rub, smear

Russian meaning: 1 скрести, царапать 2 разминать, давить 3 толочь, растирать 4 мочить, разжижать 5 растирать, обмазывать

Karakhanid: ez- (MK) 1

Turkish: ez- 2, 3, 4

Tatar: iz- 2

Middle Turkic: ez- (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.) 5

Uzbek: ez- 2, 5

Uighur: äz- 2, 3

Azerbaidzhan: äz- 2

Turkmen: ez- 4

Halaj: äz- 2

Chuvash: ir- 2, 4

Kirghiz: ez- 2

Kazakh: ez- 2, 4

Noghai: ez- 2

Bashkir: iδ- 2

Balkar: ez- 2, 3

Gagauz: ez- 2, 3

Karaim: ez- 2, 3

Karakalpak: ez- 2

Kumyk: ez- 3

Comments: EDT 279, ЭСТЯ 1, 235-236, Егоров 71, Федотов 1, 170.

Proto-Turkic: *eŕen

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wormwood

Russian meaning: полынь

Chuvash: arъm

Kazakh: izen (R)

Comments: VEWT 48, Егоров 346, Федотов 1, 57-58. Turk. (Bulg.) > Hung. üröm, see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *Eren

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: man, mankind

Russian meaning: человек, человеческий род

Old Turkic: eren (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eren (MK)

Tatar: irɛn (dial.)

Middle Turkic: eren (Pav. C.)

Uighur: ejen (Lob.)

Sary-Yughur: eren

Khakassian: iren

Kirghiz: eren

Kazakh: eren

Karaim: eren

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 290-291.

Proto-Turkic: *erge

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 part of the yurt close to the door 2 threshhold 3 stairs

Russian meaning: 1 часть юрты рядом с дверью 2 порог 3 лестница

Middle Turkic: irgene 'smth. belonging to the tent' (Sangl.)

Khakassian: irkǝn 2

Oyrat: irge 2

Chuvash: argъ `lap'

Yakut: ergene, ergine 3

Kirghiz: ergilček 1

Kazakh: erge, irge 1

Comments: VEWT 47, Федотов 1, 56-57.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹri-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to melt

Russian meaning: таять

Karakhanid: erü- (MK)

Turkish: eri-

Middle Turkic: eri- (Abushk.)

Uzbek: eri-

Uighur: iri-

Azerbaidzhan: äri-

Turkmen: ere-

Khakassian: irǝ-

Oyrat: eri-

Chuvash: irǝl-

Yakut: ir-

Dolgan: ir-

Tuva: eri-

Kirghiz: eri-

Kazakh: eri-

Bashkir: ire-

Balkar: eri-

Gagauz: jeri-

Karaim: iri-

Karakalpak: eri-

Salar: iri-

Kumyk: iri-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 289-290, Stachowski 128, EDT 198.

Proto-Turkic: *Ērig

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: rough, large

Russian meaning: грубый, крупный

Old Turkic: erig (OUygh.) 'wild'

Karakhanid: erig (MK) 'lively, energetic'

Turkish: iri

Tatar: ĭrĭ

Middle Turkic: iri (Бор. Бад.), irik (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.), erig (Qutb.)

Uzbek: jirik

Uighur: irik, jirik

Azerbaidzhan: iri

Turkmen: īri

Kirghiz: iri

Kazakh: iri

Noghai: iri

Bashkir: ĭrĭ

Karaim: iri

Karakalpak: iri

Comments: EDT 221, 222, ЭСТЯ 1, 371-372. Modern languages reveal a secondary vowel narrowing. Turk. > Hung. öreg.

Proto-Turkic: *Erin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lip

Russian meaning: губа

Old Turkic: erin (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: erin (MK)

Turkish: erin (dial.)

Tatar: irĭn

Middle Turkic: iren (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: irin

Turkmen: erin

Khakassian: irĭn

Oyrat: erin

Halaj: ä̇rin

Tuva: erin

Tofalar: erin 'chin'

Kirghiz: erin

Kazakh: erĭn

Noghai: erin

Bashkir: irĭn

Balkar: erin

Karaim: erin

Karakalpak: erin

Kumyk: erin

Comments: EDT 232-233, VEWT 48, ЭСТЯ 1, 292-293, Лексика 226-227. See also notes to *Erneg 'edge'.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹr-kek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 man 2 husband 3 male

Russian meaning: 1 мужчина 2 муж 3 самец

Karakhanid: erkek 1 (MK, KB)

Turkish: erkek 1

Tatar: irkɛk 3

Uzbek: erkak 1

Azerbaidzhan: erkäk 1

Turkmen: erkek 1

Oyrat: erkek 1, 2

Halaj: hịrkäk 1

Yakut: irgex 3

Dolgan: irgek 3

Tuva: irgek 3

Tofalar: i'rxek 3

Kirghiz: erkek 1

Kazakh: erkek 1

Noghai: erkek 1

Bashkir: irkäk 3

Balkar: erkek 1

Gagauz: erkek 1

Karaim: erkek 1

Karakalpak: erkek 1

Salar: ärkex 1

Kumyk: erkek 1

Comments: VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ЭСТЯ 1, 297-298, 321-322, Лексика 303, 561, Егоров 30, Stachowski 46, 128. We follow Clauson (EDT 223-4) in separating *ēr from *ẹr-kek.