Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *bok-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bend knees, bow, cross the legs

Russian meaning: сгибать колени, нагибаться, скрещивать ноги

Karakhanid: boq- (MK)

Oyrat: bɨɣɨ-

Yakut: bokuj-

Kazakh: buq-

Karakalpak: buq-

Comments: EDT 311, VEWT 79.

Proto-Turkic: *bokak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: crop, craw

Russian meaning: зоб

Karakhanid: boqaq (MK)

Turkish: boɣak

Middle Turkic: boqaɣu (AH)

Uzbek: buqɔq

Uighur: poqaq

Azerbaidzhan: buxaG

Turkmen: buqaw

Khakassian: poɣo

Oyrat: boɣoq

Yakut: moɣox

Kirghiz: boɣoq

Kazakh: buɣaq

Bashkir: boɣaq

Balkar: boɣaq

Karakalpak: buɣaq

Kumyk: buɣaq

Comments: VEWT 79, TMN 2, 349, ЭСТЯ 2, 202, Лексика 150.

Proto-Turkic: *bokana

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: false ribs

Russian meaning: ложные ребра

Khakassian: poɣana

Oyrat: boɣono söök

Kirghiz: boqono

Kazakh: buɣana (süjek)

Bashkir: boɣana (dial.)

Comments: ЭСТЯ 2, 305, Лексика 275.

Proto-Turkic: *bokursɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wooden plough, ploughshare

Russian meaning: деревянный плуг, соха

Old Turkic: boqursɨ (OUygh: YB)

Karakhanid: boqursɨ (MK)

Uighur: boqusa, buqusa (Jarr.)

Kirghiz: būrsun

Comments: EDT 319. Voicing *-k- > -g- > -0- in Kirgh. is unclear. Molnar's (Molnár 2001) etymology < Sanskr. vi-karṣati presupposes an unattested derivative and is generally quite dubious.

Proto-Turkic: *boĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: free, empty

Russian meaning: свободный, пустой

Old Turkic: boš (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: boš (MK, KB)

Turkish: boš

Tatar: buš

Middle Turkic: boš (Sangl.)

Uzbek: bụš

Uighur: boš

Sary-Yughur: bos, pos

Azerbaidzhan: boš

Turkmen: boš

Khakassian: pos

Shor: pos

Oyrat: boš

Halaj: boš

Chuvash: požъ

Yakut: bosxo (*boš-ka)

Dolgan: bosko 'a little'

Tuva: boš

Tofalar: bo'š

Kirghiz: boš

Kazakh: bos

Noghai: bos

Bashkir: buš

Balkar: boš

Gagauz: boš

Karaim: boš, bos

Karakalpak: bos

Salar: boš

Kumyk: boš

Comments: EDT 376, VEWT 82, ЭСТЯ 2, 203-204, Мудрак Дисс. 126, Федотов 1, 457, Stachowski 63. The Chuv. form has a regular reflex, presupposing a final vowel. Turk. *boĺa-n- > bošan- > Mong. busani- 'become empty, poor' (KW 63); *boĺ-u-g 'permission' > Mong. bošuɣ (Clark 1980, 41).

Proto-Turkic: *bol

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: abundant, full

Russian meaning: обильный, полный

Turkish: bol

Tatar: mul

Uzbek: bɔl (Chag.), mɔl (Uzb.)

Turkmen: bol

Chuvash: püle-mes; pül-lǝ 'stalwart'

Kirghiz: mol

Comments: ЭСТЯ 2, 184-185.

Proto-Turkic: *boĺgu-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to learn 2 to teach, make learn 3 teaching 4 student

Russian meaning: 1 учиться 2 учить, наставлять, заставлять выучить 3 наставление 4 ученик, подмастерье

Old Turkic: bošɣu-n- 1, bošɣu-t-, bošɣu-r- 2, bošɣut 3 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: bošɣut 4

Comments: VEWT 82, EDT 379. Derivation from bošuɣ 'allowance, pardon' (EDT) is hardly plausible.

Proto-Turkic: *boŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mallet

Russian meaning: молоток, колотушка

Tuva: moŋ

Tofalar: moŋ

Comments: Лексика 383.

Proto-Turkic: *boŕ ( ~ ō)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: grey

Russian meaning: серый

Old Turkic: boz (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: boz (MK)

Turkish: boz

Tatar: büz

Middle Turkic: boz (Sangl.)

Uzbek: bụz

Uighur: boz, bos

Sary-Yughur: poz

Azerbaidzhan: boz

Turkmen: boz

Oyrat: bos

Kirghiz: boz

Kazakh: boz

Noghai: boz

Bashkir: buδ

Balkar: boz

Gagauz: boz, bōz

Karakalpak: boz

Kumyk: boz

Comments: EDT 388, VEWT 82, TMN 2, 335, ЭСТЯ 2, 171-173, Лексика 605. Turk. > Old Russ. bosɨj, dial. búsɨj, busój, see Аникин 147 (with lit.).

Proto-Turkic: *bora-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 North wind 2 to snow heavily

Russian meaning: 1 северный ветер 2 обильно падать (о снеге)

Turkish: bora(k) 1

Turkmen: bora- 2

Kazakh: bora- 2

Comments: VEWT 80, ЭСТЯ 2, 189-192, Лексика 45.

Proto-Turkic: *borsuk, *borsmuk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: badger

Russian meaning: барсук

Karakhanid: borsmuq (MK), borsuq (MK Oghuz)

Turkish: porsuk

Tatar: bursɨq

Middle Turkic: porsuq (Sangl.)

Uzbek: bɔrsiq

Uighur: borsuq

Azerbaidzhan: porsuG

Khakassian: porsɨx, morsɨx, (dial.) moršɨx

Shor: porsuq

Oyrat: morsɨq

Chuvash: porъš

Tuva: morzuq

Tofalar: borsuq

Kirghiz: borso-l-doj 'young badger'

Kazakh: borsɨq

Noghai: borsɨq

Bashkir: burhɨq

Balkar: borsuq

Karakalpak: porsɨq

Salar: porsuχ (ССЯ)

Kumyk: porsuq

Comments: EDT 369, Лексика 164, TMN 2, 284, ЭСТЯ 7, Егоров 165, Федотов 1, 446-447. Reflexes of m- in Siberian languages may be due to the nasal in the suffix (cf. the form in MK). Among the traditional derivations one should mention the connection with *bur-sɨ- 'to stink, rot', but external parallels indicate that this is rather a folk etymology.

Proto-Turkic: *botka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: gruel, porridge

Russian meaning: каша

Tatar: botqa

Middle Turkic: OKypch. butɣa (At-Tuhf.)

Uzbek: bụtqa

Uighur: botqa

Khakassian: potxɨ

Oyrat: botqo

Chuvash: pъʷdъʷ

Yakut: butuɣas

Tuva: botqa (Krg.)

Kirghiz: botqo

Kazakh: botqa

Noghai: botqa

Bashkir: butqa

Karakalpak: botqa

Comments: VEWT 82, ЭСТЯ 2, 201. There seems to have existed a deriving verb *bot- or *bod- (*but-, *bud-) 'to stir (porridge)', reflected only in Yak. butuj-.

Proto-Turkic: *botu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: young of camel

Russian meaning: верблюжонок

Karakhanid: botu (MK)

Turkish: potak (dial.)

Tatar: buta

Middle Turkic: bota 'child; young of animal' (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: bọta

Uighur: bota

Azerbaidzhan: pota 'young of buffalo, bear'

Kirghiz: boto

Kazakh: bota

Noghai: bota

Bashkir: buta

Karaim: bota

Karakalpak: bota

Comments: EDT 299, ЭСТЯ 2, 198-200, Лексика 448 (with an error: the Az. form is listed as Turkm.) ( > MMong. botoɣan, KW 53, TMN 2, 328-329, Щербак 1997, 109; Oyr. botōn and Tuva bo'daɣan are probably backloans from Mong.).

Proto-Turkic: *bōjn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: neck

Russian meaning: шея

Old Turkic: bojɨn (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: bojun, bojɨn (MK), bojun (KB)

Turkish: bojun

Tatar: mujɨn

Middle Turkic: bojn, bojun (Sangl., MA)

Uzbek: bụjin

Uighur: bojun

Sary-Yughur: mojin

Azerbaidzhan: bojun

Turkmen: bojun

Khakassian: mojɨn

Shor: mojun

Oyrat: mojun

Halaj: būun

Chuvash: mъj

Yakut: mōj

Dolgan: muoj

Tuva: mojun

Tofalar: möän (mojnu)

Kirghiz: mojun

Kazakh: mojɨn

Noghai: mojɨn

Bashkir: mujɨn

Balkar: bojun

Gagauz: bojnu

Karaim: bojun

Karakalpak: mojɨn

Salar: bojnɨ

Kumyk: bojun

Comments: VEWT 80, EDT 386, ЭСТЯ 2, 180-182, Лексика 233-234, Stachowski 183. Turk. forms like Kirgh. mojnoq > Mong. Kh. moinog 'Wamme' (see Щербак 1997, 108).

Proto-Turkic: *bōl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to become

Russian meaning: становиться

Old Turkic: bol- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: bol- (MK, KB)

Turkish: ol-

Tatar: bul-

Middle Turkic: bol- (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: bụl-

Uighur: bo(l)-

Sary-Yughur: pol-

Azerbaidzhan: ol-

Turkmen: bol-

Khakassian: pol-

Shor: pol-

Oyrat: bol-

Halaj: ộl-

Chuvash: pol-

Yakut: buol-

Dolgan: buol-

Tuva: bol-

Kirghiz: bol-

Kazakh: bol-

Noghai: bol-

Bashkir: bul-

Balkar: bol-

Gagauz: ol-

Karaim: bol-

Karakalpak: bol-

Salar: vol-, vō-, bō- (Тен. ССЯ)

Kumyk: bol-

Comments: EDT 331-332, VEWT 79, TMN 2, 358, ЭСТЯ 2, 185-188, Федотов 1, 442, Stachowski 66. Forms with o- may represent a different root (see *ol-tur-). On the other hand, the geographical distribution of this variant matches quite closely the change *b- > v- in a number of words with grammatical function (for Haladzh cf. vīer- 'give', vāor 'there is'), so most of the forms with o- may indeed reflect *bol- > *vol- > ol-; the different root *ol- is with more certainty reflected only in Middle Uyghur (At., Tefs., IM - cf. bar, bir- in the same sources) and Middle Kypchak (Bulgat, Ettuhf., see ЭСТЯ 2, 186).

Proto-Turkic: *bōń-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 black currants 2 hazel-nut

Russian meaning: 1 черная смородина 2 орех

Chuvash: mъjъr 2

Yakut: mōńńoɣon 1

Comments: Федотов 1, 346. Cf. also Yak. dial. majɨara 'raspberry'. Chuv. > Hung. mogyóro 'hazelnut'.

Proto-Turkic: *bōnčok

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: beads, small balls as ornaments

Russian meaning: бусы, маленькие шарики в качестве украшений

Old Turkic: mončuq (Orkh., OUIgh.)

Karakhanid: mončuq (MK)

Turkish: bonǯuk

Tatar: muncaq (КСТТ)

Middle Turkic: mɨnčaɣ (Sangl.), bunǯuq (Pav. C.), munčaq (MA)

Uzbek: munčɔq

Uighur: mončaq (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: munǯuɣ

Turkmen: mōnǯuq

Khakassian: mončɨx, monńɨx (dial.)

Halaj: *munǯuq

Kirghiz: mončoq

Kazakh: monšaq

Bashkir: munsaq (dial.)

Balkar: minčaq

Gagauz: bonǯuq

Karaim: munǯax

Karakalpak: monšaq

Kumyk: minčaq

Comments: VEWT 340, EDT 349, ЭСТЯ 7. One can argue that this form is derived from *bōjn 'neck' (in old sources the word is usually reserved for neck ornaments). Forms like mojɨn-ča-k, attested in Tat., Bashk., Nogh., Kirgh., as well as Chag. mɨnčaɣ, KBalk., Kum. minčaq should be probably explained that way; but the form *bōn-čok itself may rather reflect earlier *mōŋi-č`V(k`V) 'round ornament', with secondary contaminations. Turk. > Russ. munčakъ, see Аникин 395.

Proto-Turkic: *bōr

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 chalk 2 earth 3 clay

Russian meaning: 1 мел 2 земля 3 глина

Turkish: bor 2

Tatar: bur 1

Middle Turkic: bor 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: bọr 1

Uighur: bo(r) 1

Turkmen: dial. bōr 1

Khakassian: por 1

Chuvash: purъ, por 1

Yakut: buor 2

Dolgan: buor 2, 3

Tuva: por 3

Tofalar: bor 'солонцы'

Kirghiz: bor 1

Kazakh: bor 1

Noghai: bor 1

Bashkir: bur 1

Karaim: bor 1

Karakalpak: bor, por 1

Kumyk: bor 1

Comments: VEWT 80, ЭСТЯ 2, 192-193, Лексика 100, 376, Федотов 1, 444, Stachowski 66-67. Turk. > Kalm. borǝ, Bur. bor.

Proto-Turkic: *bōr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of plant or tree

Russian meaning: вид дерева или растения

Turkmen: bōrǯaq 'эфедра'

Oyrat: borsuq 'yew'

Yakut: borū 'хвощ'

Kirghiz: boruq 'small reed'

Proto-Turkic: *böd

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: throne

Russian meaning: трон

Old Turkic: böd (Orkh.)

Yakut: büttäx, bittäx (Пек.) 'cross-bar in a stool, cross-piece in a boat' (?)

Comments: VEWT 82, EDT 298. The Yak. word may belong here if it is not derived from *büt- 'to end'.