Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *baĺč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: head

Russian meaning: голова

Old Turkic: baš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: baš (MK, KB)

Turkish: baš

Tatar: baš

Middle Turkic: baš (Abush., MA)

Uzbek: bɔš

Uighur: baš

Sary-Yughur: baš

Azerbaidzhan: baš

Turkmen: baš

Khakassian: pas

Shor: paš

Oyrat: baš

Halaj: baš

Chuvash: poś

Yakut: bas; battaq 'hair of head'

Dolgan: bas; battak 'head of reindeer; reindeer skin'

Tuva: ba'š

Tofalar: ba'š

Kirghiz: baš

Kazakh: baš

Noghai: bas

Bashkir: baš

Balkar: baš

Gagauz: baš

Karaim: baš

Karakalpak: bas

Salar: baš

Kumyk: baš

Comments: VEWT 64, ЭСТЯ 2, 85-88, TMN 2, 250-253, EDT 375-6, Федотов 1, 452, Ашм. X, 15, Лексика 194, Stachowski 54, 55.

Proto-Turkic: *bAldak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 hilt 2 stalk, stem

Russian meaning: 1 рукоятка 2 стебель, ствол

Turkish: baldak 1

Tatar: baldaq 1

Middle Turkic: baldaq 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: bɔldɔq 1

Uighur: baldaq 1

Turkmen: baldaq 2

Kirghiz: baldaq 1

Kazakh: baldaq 1

Noghai: baldaq 1

Bashkir: baldaq 1

Karakalpak: baldaq 1

Comments: VEWT 60, ЭСТЯ 2, 52. Similar forms of the type *balčak may be borrowed from Mong., while WMong. baldaɣ, bardaɣ, Khalkha baldag, bardag, Mongor bardaG 'hilt' are rather < Turkic.

Proto-Turkic: *baldɨr

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: beginning of the spring season, lambing season

Russian meaning: начало весеннего сезона, сезона рождения ягнят

Karakhanid: baldɨr (MK)

Uighur: baldi(r) (dial.: УДС 23) 'last year'

Comments: The root tends to mix with *bɨldur 'last year', but is explicitly distinguished by MK (as baldɨr vs. bɨldɨr).

Proto-Turkic: *bạlgɨn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 tamarisk, 2 viburnum

Russian meaning: 1 тамариск 2 калина

Karakhanid: bulɣuna, (dial.) malɣuna (MK) 1

Tatar: balan 2

Uzbek: balxi 'white mulberry'

Uighur: balan 2 (РУС 1956)

Azerbaidzhan: palan 2 (R)

Turkmen: balxɨ 'a k. of white mulberry'

Shor: palan 2 (R)

Oyrat: balan 2

Chuvash: (palan < Tat.), (*polan > Mari polan 2)

Yakut: bɨlax 'white willow; willow branches as fodder'

Kirghiz: balɣɨn 1 'a k. of bush similar to žɨlɣɨn'

Bashkir: balan 2

Balkar: balan 2 (Karach.)

Comments: EDT 338, ЭСТЯ 2, 52, VEWT 59, 324, Дмитр. 189, 201. Turk. > Mong. balɣu, balɣuna 'tamarisk'. Forms like balxɨ may be secondarily modified ('Balkh mulberry'), but in any case not < Iranian.

Proto-Turkic: *bAlɨg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wounded

Russian meaning: раненый

Old Turkic: balɨɣ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: balɨɣ (MK, KB)

Khakassian: palɨɣ

Shor: palɨɣ

Oyrat: balu

Tuva: balɨɣ

Tofalar: balɨɣ

Comments: VEWT 53, EDT 335, ЭСТЯ 2, 88-89. Turk. > Bur. bala 'bruise, injury'.

Proto-Turkic: *bAlk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to shine, glitter

Russian meaning: сверкать, сиять

Turkish: balk- (dial.)

Tatar: balqɨ-

Middle Turkic: (MKypch., Xwar.) balqɨ-(CCum., AH, Qutb)

Turkmen: balqɨlda-

Oyrat: malqɨl, malʁɨl 'bright, shining'

Kazakh: balqɨ-

Bashkir: balqɨ-

Karaim: balqɨ-

Karakalpak: balqɨ-

Kumyk: balqɨ-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 2, 56-57.

Proto-Turkic: *bAlka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hammer

Russian meaning: молоток

Tatar: balɣa (Sib.)

Uzbek: balɣa (Chag.)

Kirghiz: balɣa

Comments: VEWT 61, ЭСТЯ 2, 57-58. Turk. > Mong. balɣu, balig (KW 31).

Proto-Turkic: *bAĺ-mak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: boot, shoe

Russian meaning: ботинок, обувь

Karakhanid: bašmaq (MK Oghuz), bašaq (MK Chigil), bašmaq (IM)

Turkish: bašmak, pašmak

Tatar: bašmaq

Middle Turkic: bašmaq (Sangl., MA)

Uzbek: dial. (Khorazm) baš-lɨq 'heel-piece of a boot'

Azerbaidzhan: bašmaG

Turkmen: bašmaq, pašmaq ("heel of a camel; boot")

Kirghiz: bašmaq-ta- 'to sole (a boot)'

Noghai: bašmaq

Bashkir: bašmaq

Balkar: bašmaq

Karakalpak: bašmaq

Kumyk: bašmaq

Comments: EDT 382-383, ЭСТЯ 2, 93-95, ОСНЯ 3 69, TMN 2, 293-294. Doerfer's inner etymology (bašmak with vowel elision < *baša-mak from *baša- 'to cut, make notches') is impossible: baša- is derived from *bāĺ(č) 'wound' with a long vowel, while bašmak has a short one.

Proto-Turkic: *baĺtar

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sickle

Russian meaning: серп

Karakhanid: baštar (MK)

Comments: EDT 378.

Proto-Turkic: *baltu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: axe

Russian meaning: топор

Old Turkic: baltu (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: baldu (MK, KB)

Turkish: balta

Tatar: balta

Middle Turkic: baltu (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: bɔlta

Azerbaidzhan: balta

Turkmen: palta

Khakassian: paltɨ; malta (Sag.)

Shor: malta

Oyrat: malta

Yakut: balta, baltɨsax 'arrow with blunt end'

Tuva: ba'ldɨ (Бичелдей 112)

Kirghiz: balta

Kazakh: balta

Noghai: balta

Bashkir: balta

Balkar: balta

Karaim: balta

Karakalpak: balta

Kumyk: balta

Comments: VEWT 61, EDT 333, Лексика 397, ЭСТЯ 7. Modern forms with -a may in fact be secondary loans from Mong., see TMN 1, 199-200. Yak. baltɨsax can be probably identified with Turkm. balǯak, Tur. balčak '(sword)-hilt'.

Proto-Turkic: *bań

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: fat

Russian meaning: жир

Tatar: maj

Middle Turkic: maj (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: mɔj

Uighur: maj

Turkmen: maj

Khakassian: sar-maj 'butter' (Sag.)

Oyrat: maj

Yakut: as-maj̃ax (Пек.)

Kirghiz: maj

Kazakh: maj

Noghai: maj

Bashkir: maj

Karaim: maj

Karakalpak: maj

Kumyk: maj

Comments: VEWT 322, Лексика 453-454.

Proto-Turkic: *bań-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to wave 2 to sway 3 club-footed 4 curved 5 to bend 6 to be bent, curved

Russian meaning: 1 махать 2 качаться 3 косолапый, кривоногий 4 кривой 5 гнуть 6 гнуться, быть согнутым

Karakhanid: maj-ɣuq 3 (MK)

Middle Turkic: majruq 3, 4 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: majriq 3, dial. bajmaq 3 (R)

Uighur: majmaq 3

Turkmen: majɨr- 5, majrɨq 'overstrained', maj-tɨq 3, majmɨq 4

Shor: majrɨq 3, majrɨl- 6

Oyrat: majrɨq 4, 3

Yakut: bajātɨŋ- 2, bajāttaŋnā- 1 (Пек. - without nasalization), dial. majɣax 'convolution'

Tuva: majɨš-qaq 4, majɨrɨq, maj-ta-q 3

Kirghiz: majrɨj-, majɨš- 6, maj-tar- 5, majrɨq 3, majmaq 3

Kazakh: majɨs- 6, majɨr- 5, majrɨq 3, majmaq 3

Noghai: majɨs- 6, majɨr- 5

Karaim: majɨš- 6

Karakalpak: majɨs- 6, majmaq 3

Kumyk: majɨr- 'to wrench', majšaj- 'to mis-step', majmaq 3

Comments: See ОСHЯ 3, 45-46. Turk. *bańɨ-guk > WMong. majiɣaɣ, Kalm. mǟɣǝɣ (KW 259) 'club-footed'.

Proto-Turkic: *bĀń-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sole (of foot) 2 footwear

Russian meaning: 1 подошва (ноги) 2 обувь (войлочные чулки, валенки)

Turkish: maja 'fleshy part of the palm' (Vidin, Németh 1965, SDD)

Tatar: majmaq 'stable, steadfast' (of an animal's paw, hoof), dial. pajpaq (КСТТ) 2

Uzbek: pajpɔq 2, 'camel's foot', dial. mъjǝlǝk 'mitten' (Фармонов 19)

Azerbaidzhan: dial. maja 'подошва копыта' (Nakhich.)

Turkmen: dial. māja (Tek.) 'aja' (ТДГДС 124), pajpaq (144) 2

Khakassian: majmax 2

Tuva: majɨq 1

Kirghiz: bajmaq 'lower part of shank', bajpaq 2, majpɨq 'flat' (of a horse's hoof, bear's paw)

Kazakh: bajpaq 2

Karakalpak: bajpaq 2

Comments: VEWT 323. Cf. also Oyr. majrɨk 'стаптываться' etc. Forms with the meaning 'footwear' are explained by Budagov as compounds with an iranism (paj - baɣ "foot bandage"), which does not seem convincing; we are dealing rather with a dialectal diffusion of the derivative *bāń-mak. Cf. TMN 4, 275, Шипова 49, Аникин 110, 382, 458.

Proto-Turkic: *bańak-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: white-fish

Russian meaning: сиг

Yakut: maj̃aɣas (Пек.)

Proto-Turkic: *bAńak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dung

Russian meaning: навоз

Old Turkic: majaq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: majaq, bajnaq (MK, Oghuz XI c.)

Uighur: majaq

Tuva: mɨjaq

Tofalar: mɨj̃aq

Comments: VEWT 322, 336, EDT 350.

Proto-Turkic: *bAńɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 hare 2 marmot

Russian meaning: 1 заяц 2 сурок

Tatar: bajbaq 2

Oyrat: majčɨq 1

Chuvash: molgaś/č

Bashkir: bajbaq 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 7, under *majmak 'club-footed', Сетаров 1970. The traditional etymology of Chuv. (Федотов 1, 362, Егоров 134-135) from an unattested Udm. *mu 'earth' + lud keč 'field hare' is quite incredible: the Chuv. form is well explained < *bańɨ-l-kač (a diminutive). {Chuv. may be rather < **bɨńĺ(ɨk) q. v.}

Proto-Turkic: *bAńɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to fade away, disappear, weaken

Russian meaning: исчезать, слабеть

Karakhanid: majɨš- (MK)

Turkish: bajɨ-l-

Azerbaidzhan: bajɨl-

Khakassian: majɨl-

Tuva: bajla-

Kirghiz: bajɨ-

Gagauz: bajɨl-

Karaim: bajɨl-

Comments: ОСНЯ 2, 50, EDT 773, ЭСТЯ 7.

Proto-Turkic: *bạnɨ- ~ *bonɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: big, large

Russian meaning: большой

Chuvash: mъʷnъʷ

Comments: Федотов 1, 349.

Proto-Turkic: *bAńɨl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: overripe

Russian meaning: перезрелый

Karakhanid: majɨl, majɨl- 'to become overripe' (MK)

Comments: EDT 772. Cf. also Oyr. mɨnčɨk 'musty'.

Proto-Turkic: *bAnu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wild cat

Russian meaning: дикая кошка

Old Turkic: manu (OUygh.)

Tatar: manul

Tuva: manɨ

Comments: EDT 767. Turk. > Kalm. manl, Dag. manū (Тод. Даг. 153) (probably contaminated with Mong. proper malur < *malul q. v. sub *máĺe). Uygh. molun 'wild cat' may be a mongolism.