Tungus etymology : Query result

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *er[e]-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bad 2 torture, torment 3 to torture 4 to be mistaken

Russian meaning: 1 плохой 2 пытка, мучение 3 мучить 4 ошибаться

Evenki: erū 1, ere- 4

Literary Manchu: eru-n 1

Ulcha: eru-le- 2

Nanai: erũ 2

Solon: erū 1

Comments: ТМС 2, 465-466. For all the forms except Evk. ere- borrowing from Mong. cannot be excluded (see Doerfer MT 39, Rozycki 71), thus the actual TM protoform could have been *ere-.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *eri-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to breathe 2 breath 3 soul

Russian meaning: 1 дышать 2 дыхание 3 душа

Evenki: erī- 1, erīn 2, 3

Even: eri- 1, erin 2

Negidal: ejī- 1, ejgen 2, 3

Spoken Manchu: erǝxǝn 'breath, life' (39, 693, 2965)

Literary Manchu: erge- 'to rest', ergen 2, 3

Jurchen: erin-he ( = erhen) (517)

Ulcha: ersi- 1, erge(n) 2

Orok: er(i)- 1

Nanai: erisi- 1, ergẽ 2

Oroch: egge 3

Udighe: ege 2, 3, dial. eje 2

Solon: ergē 'life'

Comments: ТМС 2, 464.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *eru-ke-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: upper coat

Russian meaning: шуба, кафтан

Even: irkenmi

Ulcha: eru(n), erue(n)

Oroch: erue

Comments: ТМС 1, 328, 2, 466.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *erü-n

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: time

Russian meaning: время

Even: eri

Negidal: ejun

Spoken Manchu: erin (2648)

Literary Manchu: erin

Jurchen: erin (89)

Ulcha: eru(n)

Orok: eru(n) / eri(n)

Nanai: erĩ

Oroch: erū(n)

Udighe: ēli(n)

Solon: erī̃

Comments: ТМС 2, 463-4. TM > Dag. erin (Тод. Даг. 140).

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *esi-kin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: unripe

Russian meaning: незрелый, неспелый

Evenki: esikin

Even: esъkni

Spoken Manchu: usǝxǝn, usuxun (388)

Literary Manchu: esxun

Jurchen: (h)osu-xun (539)

Comments: ТМС 2, 468.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *esī

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: now, just now, not long ago

Russian meaning: сейчас, только что, недавно

Evenki: esī

Even: esi-me

Negidal: esī

Literary Manchu: esi 'yes, certainly'

Ulcha: esi

Orok: esi

Nanai: esi

Oroch: esi

Udighe: esi

Solon: eš́ī

Comments: See ТМС 2, 467-468.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ete-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to guard 2 to nurse

Russian meaning: 1 охранять 2 нянчить

Evenki: etejē- 1, 2

Even: etu- 1, etij- 2

Negidal: etew- 1, etixi- 2

Ulcha: eteu- 1, etexi- 2

Orok: etew- 1, etexi- 2

Nanai: etū- 1, etexi- 2

Oroch: etu-či- 1

Udighe: eteu-si- 1

Comments: ТМС 2, 470.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *etu- / *ute-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to quilt, tuft 2 seam 3 quilted coat, lap 4 mitten lining 5 to put on, wear 6 upper clothes

Russian meaning: 1 стегать 2 шов 3 стеганая одежда, подол 4 подкладка рукавицы 5 надевать, носить 6 верхняя одежда

Evenki: uteme 3, uteptīn 4

Even: ut- 1, (All.) etik 6

Negidal: ute- 1

Spoken Manchu: utu- 5 (199); utuku 'clothing, clothes, garb' (195)

Literary Manchu: etu- 5, etuku 6

Jurchen: etu-xun (846) 6

Ulcha: uteče 2, utesu 3

Orok: utteuri 3

Nanai: ute- 1, utesū 3

Comments: ТМС 2, 293, 295, 469.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *eǯe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to understand, remember

Russian meaning: понимать, запоминать

Spoken Manchu: eǯǝ- 'to memorize' (1866)

Literary Manchu: eǯe-

Ulcha: eǯe-

Orok: ede-mu-

Nanai: eǯe-

Oroch: eǯe-

Udighe: egǯe-

Comments: ТМС 2, 439. TM > Dag. eǯi- (Тод. Даг. 138).

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ēde-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 silly 2 defect, shortcoming

Russian meaning: 1 глупый 2 недостаток, увечье

Literary Manchu: eden 2

Ulcha: ede(n) 1

Nanai: ēdẽ 1

Oroch: ede 1

Udighe: ēde 1

Comments: ТМС 2, 439. Man. > Dag. eden (Тод. Даг. 138).

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ēŋ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to disappear, become invisible 2 to close eyes; to miss (a sight) 3 to go down (of sun, moon, stars) 4 shady, unlit place

Russian meaning: 1 скрываться из виду 2 закрывать глаза; упускать (из виду) 3 заходить (о солнце, луне, звездах) 4 затененное, неосвещенное место

Evenki: ēŋ- 1

Even: ēŋut- 2

Nanai: eŋmiẽ (Он.) 4

Oroch: eŋgi- 3

Udighe: ēŋigi- 3

Comments: ТМС 2, 457, 458.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ēske-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to worry 2 to wait, beware 3 to praise 4 to curse

Russian meaning: 1 беспокоиться 2 ждать, быть начеку 3 славить, восхвалять 4 ругать, бранить

Evenki: ēksit- 2, eskē- 3

Even: ēske- 3

Negidal: eksit- 2

Spoken Manchu: esǝxinǝ-, isixinǝ- (1468)

Literary Manchu: esuḱe- 4

Ulcha: eksen- 1, 2

Nanai: ekseči- 2

Udighe: ehie- 'to take care of'

Comments: ТМС 2, 443, 468.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ga-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to take

Russian meaning: брать

Evenki: ga-

Even: ga-

Negidal: ga-

Spoken Manchu: Gia- (1402, 1538)

Literary Manchu: Gaj-

Jurchen: ga-gwa-i (399)

Ulcha: Ga-

Orok: Ga-

Nanai: Ga-

Oroch: ga-

Udighe: ga-

Comments: ТМС 1, 133-134.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gabu-ni-

Meaning: hill, mound

Russian meaning: холм

Ulcha: Gaụnị

Orok: Gawnaχị

Nanai: Gaońa

Comments: ТМС 1, 144.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gagda

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: one of a pair

Russian meaning: один из пары

Evenki: gagda

Even: gād

Negidal: gagda

Literary Manchu: Gaqda, Gaqta

Nanai: GaGda

Oroch: gagda

Udighe: gagda

Comments: ТМС 1, 135.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ga(j)- / *gia-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to pole (in a boat) 2 boat pole 3 oar

Russian meaning: 1 отталкиваться шестом (в лодке) 2 лодочный шест 3 весло

Evenki: ga- 1, ga-wun 2, gē̂wun 3

Negidal: gawụn 2, gē̂wụl 3

Literary Manchu: guwafu 2

Ulcha: Goa- 1, Gē̂ụlị 3

Orok: Gō-pụ(n) 2, Gē̂wụl 3

Nanai: Gōa- 1, Gịol 3

Oroch: gau- 1, gau 2, giu 3

Udighe: gau, gou 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 134, 144. On the PTM level one can reconstruct an opposition of *ga-bu- 'boat pole' and *gia-bu- 'oar', which must be earlier morphological or dialectal variants.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gaja-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to have insomnia 2 to be possessed, demoniac

Russian meaning: 1 испытывать бессонницу 2 быть одержимым

Literary Manchu: Gajla- 2

Ulcha: Gajaǯụ- 1

Orok: Gajaddị- 1

Nanai: Gajaǯị- 1

Comments: ТМС 1, 136.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gaji-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to beckon 2 to show 3 index finger 4 small finger 5 to indulge, be enthralled

Russian meaning: 1 манить 2 указывать 3 указательный палец 4 мизинец 5 увлекаться

Evenki: gajīw- 1

Literary Manchu: Gajsilabu- 5

Ulcha: Gajawčụ(n) 3, Gojsantụ- 5

Orok: Gajaw 4

Nanai: Gajaočị- 2, Gajaqoã 4, Gojsanto- 5

Comments: ТМС 1, 136, 158. On the semantic correlation "index finger" : "small finger" see Dybo 1995.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gali-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to contest

Russian meaning: состязаться

Literary Manchu: Galgi-

Nanai: Galị-

Oroch: gali-

Udighe: galoa-

Comments: ТМС 1, 138.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *galu-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to hate

Russian meaning: ненавидеть

Even: galụt-

Ulcha: Galụ-

Orok: Galụ-

Nanai: Galo-

Oroch: galu-

Udighe: galu-

Comments: ТМС 1, 138.