Japanese etymology : Query result

Proto-Japanese: *kásíká-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be exhausted, wasted

Russian meaning: истощаться, чахнуть

Old Japanese: kasika-

Middle Japanese: kásíká-

Tokyo: kajike-

Comments: JLTT 707.

Proto-Japanese: *kasi-m-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: annoying, noisy

Russian meaning: надоедливый, шумный

Old Japanese: kasi-ma-si

Middle Japanese: kasi-ma-si, kasi-ga-ma-si

Tokyo: kashimashi-

Comments: JLTT 831.

Proto-Japanese: *kasipa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: vessel

Russian meaning: вид сосуда

Old Japanese: kasipa

Comments: In the earliest texts the word unambiguously denotes some kind of vessel (esp. a wine vessel); its reinterpretation as 'oak leaf' and 'food-wrapping oak-leaf' is certainly a later folk-etymological development.

Proto-Japanese: *kásípà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: oak-tree (Quercus dentata thunb.)

Russian meaning: вид дуба

Old Japanese: kasipa

Middle Japanese: kásípà

Tokyo: kàshiwa

Kyoto: kàshíwà

Kagoshima: kashíwa

Comments: JLTT 441. The word has a rare accent type HHL.

Proto-Japanese: *kàsìrà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: head

Russian meaning: голова

Old Japanese: kasira

Middle Japanese: kàsìrá, kàsìrà

Tokyo: kashirá

Kyoto: káshìrà

Kagoshima: kashirá

Comments: JLTT 441 ('head; chief'). The word means 'head' (also 'head part', 'chief part') in most modern and Middle Japanese sources (explicitly so in Wamyōshō); KKJ (p. 232) also lists the meaning 'hair of head' (attested in Tosa Nikki), obviously secondary, with a rather natural semantic transition. IKJ (p. 297) glosses the word as "denoting the whole head including the hair and face", as opposed to kaube ( = kami-be) denoting only the top of the head and to atama "fontanelle". The only clear OJ (Man'yōshū 4346) example (kasira kakinade...) may be well translated (and usually is translated) as 'stroking the head'. Therefore the idea (see Vovin 2000) that the original meaning of kasira was 'hair of head' (the meaning that was always expressed in Japanese as kami) is most certainly wrong - just as his attempt to link it with the rather obscure Old Korean 麻帝核試 (MC mạ-tìej-xạ̈ik-śì) `hair of head'. The latter should be probably read as [mǝri-ɣak-si], where mǝri- is `head', while -ɣak-si may stand for kark-[si] - with kark- being identical to MKor. kārki `mane', modern mǝri-kharak `hair of head'. Despite the uncertainty of Old Korean readings in general and of -si in Old Korean -ɣak-si, it seems much more reasonable to link the Old Korean and later Korean sources than to invent a new Old Korean word *kasi `hair' and compare it with a wrongly interpreted Old Japanese word.

Proto-Japanese: *kasu-m-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to steal, rob

Russian meaning: красть, грабить

Old Japanese: kasum-, kasume-

Middle Japanese: kású-ma-, kàzò-f-

Comments: JLTT 705. Accentuation is not quite clear (variants kàzòf- and kású-ma- in RJ).

Proto-Japanese: *kàsùm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: be hazy, misty

Russian meaning: быть сумрачным, туманным

Old Japanese: kasum-

Middle Japanese: kasum-

Tokyo: kàsum-

Kyoto: kásúm-

Kagoshima: kasúm-

Comments: JLTT 705.

Proto-Japanese: *kasunkapi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: brace, latch

Russian meaning: скоба

Old Japanese: kasugapji

Middle Japanese: kasugafi

Tokyo: kasugai

Comments: JLTT 442.

Proto-Japanese: *kàsù-r-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to scrape

Russian meaning: скрести, царапать

Middle Japanese: kàsù-r-

Tokyo: kasúr-u

Kyoto: kásúr-

Kagoshima: kasúr-

Comments: JLTT 705.

Proto-Japanese: *kàt-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to win, overcome

Russian meaning: побеждать

Old Japanese: kat-

Middle Japanese: kàt-

Tokyo: kát-

Kyoto: kàt-

Kagoshima: kàt-

Comments: JLTT 706.

Proto-Japanese: *kàtá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shoulder

Russian meaning: плечо

Old Japanese: kata

Middle Japanese: kàtá

Tokyo: káta

Kyoto: kàtá

Kagoshima: katá

Comments: JLTT 442.

Proto-Japanese: *kátà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side, direction; form, shape

Russian meaning: сторона, направление; форма, вид

Old Japanese: kata

Middle Japanese: kátà

Tokyo: katá

Kyoto: kátà

Kagoshima: káta

Comments: JLTT 442.

Proto-Japanese: *kátà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 tide, ebb-tide 2 beach, bay

Russian meaning: 1 отлив 2 залив, лагуна

Old Japanese: kata 1

Middle Japanese: kátà 1

Tokyo: kata 2

Comments: JLTT 442.

Proto-Japanese: *kàtà-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: enemy, opposite

Russian meaning: враг, противник

Middle Japanese: kàtàkjì

Tokyo: katakí

Kyoto: kátàkì

Kagoshima: katakí

Comments: JLTT 443.

Proto-Japanese: *kátá-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hard

Russian meaning: твердый

Old Japanese: kata-

Middle Japanese: kátá-

Tokyo: kàta-

Kyoto: kátà-

Kagoshima: káta-

Comments: JLTT 831.

Proto-Japanese: *kata-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to mix, join, unite

Russian meaning: смешивать, соединять

Old Japanese: kata-

Middle Japanese: kata-

Comments: JLTT 706.

Proto-Japanese: *kàtà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: one of two sides

Russian meaning: одна из двух сторон

Old Japanese: kata

Middle Japanese: kàtà

Comments: JLTT 442.

Proto-Japanese: *kàta-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: beggar, beggary

Russian meaning: нищий, нищенство

Old Japanese: kata-no-wi

Middle Japanese: kata-wi, kata-no-wi (RJ kàtáfi, kàtafí)

Comments: JLTT 443.

Proto-Japanese: *kàtai

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: provisions, food for travelling

Russian meaning: провизия, запас пищи

Old Japanese: kate

Middle Japanese: kate

Tokyo: káte, katé

Kyoto: kátè

Kagoshima: katé

Comments: JLTT 444. Without the RJ evidence it is somewhat difficult to reconstruct accent on the 2d syllable; however, all accent reflexes seem to point to low tone in the 1st syllable.

Proto-Japanese: *kátáma

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bamboo basket

Russian meaning: бамбуковая корзина

Old Japanese: katama

Middle Japanese: kátámí, kátámì

Tokyo: katami

Comments: JLTT 443.