Japanese etymology : Query result

Proto-Japanese: *kárà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: empty

Russian meaning: пустой

Middle Japanese: kara (in comp.)

Tokyo: kará

Kyoto: kàrá

Kagoshima: kárà

Comments: JLTT 438. The accent in Kyoto is irregular, but Tokyo and Kagoshima point more or less certainly to *kárà. Despite Martin (ibid.), the word should be probably distinguished from *kárà 'shell'.

Proto-Japanese: *kàra-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: plaice

Russian meaning: камбала

Middle Japanese: kàrèfí

Tokyo: kárei

Kyoto: kárèì

Kagoshima: kareí

Comments: JLTT 440. The PJ accent is not quite clear (but the first syllable should undoubtedly be reconstructed with low tone).

Proto-Japanese: *kárà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: handle, counter for handles and long thin objects

Russian meaning: рукоять, счетное слово для рукояток и длинных тонких предметов

Old Japanese: kara

Middle Japanese: kárà

Comments: JLTT 438.

Proto-Japanese: *kara

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: clan, family

Russian meaning: род, семья

Old Japanese: kara

Comments: JLTT 438.

Proto-Japanese: *kàràm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to wind around, to cling to

Russian meaning: обвиваться, цепляться

Old Japanese: karamar-

Middle Japanese: kàràm-

Tokyo: karám-

Kyoto: kárám-

Kagoshima: karám-

Comments: JLTT 704. The accent in Kagoshima is irregular (possibly under literary influence).

Proto-Japanese: *kàràmùsì

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: Boehmeria frutescens, a k. of hemp

Russian meaning: вид конопли, Boehmeria frutescens

Middle Japanese: kàràmùsì

Tokyo: karamushi

Comments: JLTT 439. Analysed within Jpn. as kara 'China' + musi 'ramie', which may be a folk etymology.

Proto-Japanese: *kárá(n)tá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: body

Russian meaning: тело

Tokyo: kàrada

Kyoto: kárádá

Kagoshima: karáda

Comments: JLTT 438. The meaning 'body' is attested late, but there are some attestations of kara 'stem, stalk' ( = 'body') already in Man'yōshū, apparently different from kara 'shell'.

Proto-Japanese: *kara-su

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: crow

Russian meaning: ворона

Old Japanese: karasu

Middle Japanese: kàrásu

Tokyo: kàrasu

Kyoto: kàràsù

Kagoshima: karásu

Comments: JLTT 439. Accent relations are quite unclear.

Proto-Japanese: *kàrí

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: goose

Russian meaning: гусь

Old Japanese: kari

Middle Japanese: kàrí

Tokyo: kári

Kyoto: kárí

Kagoshima: kári

Comments: JLTT 440. Tones in Kyoto and Kagoshima point to *kárí, but the attested RJ and Tokyo tones speak in favour of *kàrí.

Proto-Japanese: *kàrimǝ̀

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: axle, metal tube for axle

Russian meaning: ось, втулка

Old Japanese: karimo

Middle Japanese: kàmò

Comments: JLTT 436.

Proto-Japanese: *kàrú-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: light (of weight)

Russian meaning: легкий

Old Japanese: karu-

Middle Japanese: kàrú-nari

Tokyo: kàru-

Kyoto: kárù-

Kagoshima: káru-

Comments: JLTT 831. Kyoto and Kagoshima point rather to *kárú-, but the attested MJ form is kàrú-.

Proto-Japanese: *kàsá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: umbrella

Russian meaning: зонтик

Old Japanese: kasa

Middle Japanese: kàsá

Tokyo: kása

Kyoto: kàsá

Kagoshima: kasá

Comments: JLTT 441.

Proto-Japanese: *kásá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scab

Russian meaning: струп, язва

Old Japanese: kasa

Middle Japanese: kásá

Tokyo: kàsa

Kyoto: kásá

Kagoshima: kása

Comments: JLTT 441.

Proto-Japanese: *kásá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 size, layer 2 to heap up, pile up

Russian meaning: 1 размер, слой 2 накладывать, наслаивать

Old Japanese: kasana- 2

Middle Japanese: kásá 1, kásána- 2

Tokyo: kàsane- 2

Kyoto: kásáné- 2

Kagoshima: kasané- 2

Comments: JLTT 441, 704.

Proto-Japanese: *kasai

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: spool, tool for spinning, spool string

Russian meaning: катушка, инструмент для наматывания, нить из катушки

Old Japanese: kase, kasep(j)i

Middle Japanese: kase

Tokyo: kase

Comments: JLTT 441.

Proto-Japanese: *kàsàsákì

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: magpie

Russian meaning: сорока

Old Japanese: kasasak(j)i

Middle Japanese: kasasaki

Tokyo: kàsasagi, kasásagi

Kyoto: kàsàságì

Kagoshima: kasasagí

Comments: JLTT 441.

Proto-Japanese: *kasǝ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: father

Russian meaning: отец

Old Japanese: kaso

Middle Japanese: kàzó, kázó

Comments: JLTT 447.

Proto-Japanese: *kàsi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: fetters, shackles

Russian meaning: оковы, кандалы

Old Japanese: kasi

Middle Japanese: kasi, kase

Tokyo: káse

Kyoto: kásé

Kagoshima: kasé

Comments: JLTT 441. Tokyo and Kagoshima point to *kàs(a)í or *kàs(a)î, but Kyoto points to *kás(a)í (the word is not attested in RJ).

Proto-Japanese: *kasi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: Quercus acuta Thunb.

Russian meaning: вид дуба

Old Japanese: kasi

Middle Japanese: kàsì

Tokyo: káshi

Kyoto: kàshî

Kagoshima: kashí

Comments: JLTT 441. The accent is not quite clear: either *kàsì (cf. RJ) or *kàsî (suggested by the Kyoto form).

Proto-Japanese: *kasi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to curse, damn; cast a spell

Russian meaning: проклинать; заклинать

Old Japanese: kasi-r-

Middle Japanese: kasi-r-