Japanese etymology : Query result

Proto-Japanese: *kànàp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to match

Russian meaning: соответствовать, подходить

Old Japanese: kanap-

Middle Japanese: kànàf-

Tokyo: kaná-

Kyoto: káná-

Kagoshima: kaná-

Comments: JLTT 703. All forms point to *kànà-p- except Kagoshima ( < *káná-p-).

Proto-Japanese: *kánáransu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: necessarily, certainly

Russian meaning: обязательно

Old Japanese: kanarazu

Middle Japanese: kánárazu

Tokyo: kanarazu

Comments: Formally kanarazu is a negation of kanari 'enough' ('not enough' > 'necessarily'). The latter is not attested in RJ, and the modern dialects speak rather in favour of *kànárì.

Proto-Japanese: *kání

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: crab

Russian meaning: краб

Old Japanese: kani

Middle Japanese: kání

Tokyo: kàni

Kyoto: kání

Kagoshima: káni

Comments: JLTT 437.

Proto-Japanese: *kání-pà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: birch

Russian meaning: береза

Old Japanese: kanipa 'bark of some trees'

Middle Japanese: kánífà

Tokyo: kaba

Comments: JLTT 431.

Proto-Japanese: *kan-k-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to smell

Russian meaning: нюхать, обонять

Old Japanese: kag-

Middle Japanese: kág-

Tokyo: kàg-

Kyoto: kàg-

Kagoshima: kág-

Comments: JLTT 701. Kyoto points to *kàNk-, but other dialects and RJ - to *káNk-.

Proto-Japanese: *kànkà-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 crown 2 to put on (upper clothes) 3 to incur, sustain

Russian meaning: 1 венец, корона 2 надевать (верхнюю одежду) 3 подвергаться

Old Japanese: kage 1, kagapur- 2, 3

Middle Japanese: kabur-, kaubur- 2, 3

Tokyo: kabúr- 2, kōmúr- 3

Kyoto: kábúr- 2, kṓmúr- 3

Kagoshima: kàbùr- 2, kṑmùr- 3

Comments: JLTT 700, 712. Modern kōmur- < kaum(b)ur- < kankapur- ( = OJ kagapur- with reduction of the middle syllable); the variant kabur- is a result of contamination with *kàm(p)- 'head' (v. sub *ki̯amp`a).

Proto-Japanese: *kánká-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to glitter, shine

Russian meaning: блестеть, светить

Old Japanese: kakajak-, kagajwop-

Middle Japanese: kákájak-, kagajof-

Tokyo: kàgayak-, kagayák-

Kyoto: kágáyák-

Kagoshima: kagayák-

Comments: JLTT 701.

Proto-Japanese: *kánkám-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bend

Russian meaning: гнуться

Old Japanese: kagam-

Middle Japanese: kágám-

Tokyo: kàgam-

Kyoto: kágám-

Kagoshima: kagám-

Comments: JLTT 701.

Proto-Japanese: *kànkâ-i

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shadow; reflection

Russian meaning: тень; отражение

Old Japanese: kage

Middle Japanese: kàgé

Tokyo: káge

Kyoto: kàgê

Kagoshima: kagé

Comments: JLTT 432.

Proto-Japanese: *kánsá-i

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wind

Russian meaning: ветер

Old Japanese: kaze

Middle Japanese: kázé

Tokyo: kàze

Kyoto: kázé

Kagoshima: káze

Nase: kaǯé

Shuri: káǯi

Hateruma: ka_̀čì

Yonakuni: kadí

Comments: JLTT 447. OJ kaza- in compounds, which allows to reconstruct *kánsá-i.

Proto-Japanese: *ka(n)su

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dried herring roe

Russian meaning: сушеные молоки сельди

Tokyo: kazu-no-ko

Proto-Japanese: *kántì

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: steering wheel, steering oar

Russian meaning: руль, рулевое весло

Old Japanese: kadi

Middle Japanese: kádì

Tokyo: káji

Kyoto: kájì

Kagoshima: káji

Comments: JLTT 447. Regular except for the Tokyo accent (*kají would be expected).

Proto-Japanese: *kántí

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: paper tree, Broussonetia papyrifera

Russian meaning: бумажное дерево

Old Japanese: kadi

Middle Japanese: kádí

Tokyo: kaji no ki

Comments: JLTT 447.

Proto-Japanese: *kàntúa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: angle, corner

Russian meaning: угол

Middle Japanese: kàdó

Tokyo: kádo

Kyoto: kàdó

Kagoshima: kadó

Comments: JLTT 432.

Proto-Japanese: *kàntuá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: ability, talent

Russian meaning: способность, талант

Old Japanese: kad(w)o

Middle Japanese: kàdó

Comments: JLTT 432 (treated together with 'corner').

Proto-Japanese: *kántuà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: gate

Russian meaning: ворота

Old Japanese: kadwo

Middle Japanese: kádwò

Tokyo: kádo

Kyoto: kádò

Kagoshima: kadó

Comments: JLTT 431. The Kyoto and Kagoshima accent is quite irregular - obviously, due to a merger with *kàntúa 'corner'.

Proto-Japanese: *kàntùk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to dive

Russian meaning: нырять, погружаться

Old Japanese: kaduk-

Middle Japanese: kàdùk-

Tokyo: kazúk-

Kyoto: kázúk-

Comments: JLTT 707.

Proto-Japanese: *kántúrá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: vine, creeper

Russian meaning: лоза

Old Japanese: kadura

Middle Japanese: kádúra

Tokyo: kàzura

Kyoto: kázùrà

Kagoshima: kazúra

Comments: JLTT 447. All dialects except Kyoto point to high tone.

Proto-Japanese: *káp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: buy, (ex)change

Russian meaning: покупать

Old Japanese: kap-

Middle Japanese: káf-

Tokyo: kà-

Kyoto: ká-

Kagoshima: ká-

Comments: JLTT 706. Cf. also *kápá-, *kápár- 'change'.

Proto-Japanese: *kap- / *kam-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 turtle 2 frog

Russian meaning: 1 черепаха 2 лягушка

Old Japanese: kame 1, kapjeru, kapadu 2

Middle Japanese: kàmè 1, kaferu, kafadu 2

Tokyo: káme 1, kàeru, kàwazu 2

Kyoto: kàmê 1, kàèrú, kàwàzú 2

Kagoshima: kamé 1, kaerú, kawázu 2

Comments: JLTT 432, 435, 446. Original accent is not quite clear.