Comments:The Kor. word is alternatively compared with Mong. tüŋke 'muscles of the back' (SKE 268, EAS 49, 120) - but we were unable to find the word in available sources.
Comments:EAS 52, АПиПЯЯ 284, Дыбо 13. The frequently compared with Turk. WMong. ǯorči- 'to ride, wander' (see KW 476, Владимирцов 187, VEWT 207), is most likely a loanword (ǯorči- < *ǯorti-, from the Turk. derived form *jor(ɨ)t- (ЭСТЯ 4, 226-227); cf. also *jorɨga 'pedestrian; ambler' (ЭСТЯ 4, 225) > WMong. ǯiruɣa, see VEWT 207, KW 115, TMN 4, 152, whence Yak., Dolg. ǯoruo, see Kaɫ. MEJ 23, 35, Stachowski 91)), *jorɨ- > WMong. ǯori- 'to head (somewhere)' (KW 478; hence Man. ǯori-, see Doerfer MT 115); see Щербак 1997, 125. Note that Doerfer's criticism (TMN 4, 219-220) of the Tung.-Turk. comparison is unacceptable. However, an archaic opposition of two roots (with *d- and *ǯ-) cannot be excluded: besides a peculiar variation *jorɨ-/ *jüri- in PT note also the tonal mismatch between PT *dūr- and PJ *dǝ́r-.
Comments:Murayama 1962, 108, АПиПЯЯ 71, 97, 276 (but the Turkic parallels listed there should be rejected). PJ *duà reflects a suffixed form < *dŭ̀l(e)-gV (-bV).
Comments:SKE 12, Martin 234, Ozawa 167-168. An attempt of Doerfer (TMN 1, 173) to disprove Ramstedt's etymology (by supposing *h- in Mong.) is unsuccessful. Korean has a low tone, typical for the verbal subsystem.
Comments:The root is not widely represented, but seems quite reliable. A derivative *ĕbà-rV is reflected in Nan. ebiri- = OJ apu-t-, apu-r-. Cf. *ap`i.
Comments:EAS 97, KW 130, Poppe 53, 105, Цинциус 1972a, 49-52, Дыбо 6. A Western isogloss. Despite Щербак 1997, 114, Mong. is hardly borrowed from Turk. Doerfer's (TMN 2, 177-178) doubts in the validity of the etymology are hardly grounded: all forms are easily explained if we suppose a protoform like *edije. The form can be in fact an old derivative of *ĕda 'thing, household' (q. v., cf. Poppe UJb XIII, 114, 120).
