Altaic etymology : Query result

Proto-Altaic: *dā́lV ( ~ -ē-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: nape, withers

Russian meaning: загривок, холка

Turkic: *jāl

Mongolian: *dalaŋ

Korean: *tǝr-mi

Comments: KW 73, Poppe 97, Дыбо 306, Лексика 147; TMN 4, 106 ("...unklar"). The root seems to be distinct from *dḗlì (*dḗjlì) q. v.

Proto-Altaic: *dā̀mù

Meaning: only

Russian meaning: только

Tungus-Manchu: *dāmu

Japanese: *dùmài

Comments: An interesting TM-Jpn. isogloss. It is perhaps worth noting the particle jamu mentioned by MK for contexts like "sen barɣɨl jamu" 'go, will you' (see EDT 934).

Proto-Altaic: *dā̀pà

Meaning: to cross (a mountain)

Russian meaning: переваливать (через гору)

Mongolian: *daba-

Tungus-Manchu: *dāb-

Japanese: *dàmà

Comments: KW 80, Poppe 23, 45, JOAL 85, 86, Murayama 1962, 108, АПиПЯЯ 15, 104, 109 (with an explanation of Jpn. -m-: *dàmà < *dàpa-(ga)n = Mong. dabaɣan), 276.

Proto-Altaic: *debí ( ~ ǯ-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: bad, to suffer

Russian meaning: плохой, страдать

Turkic: *jAb-

Mongolian: *ǯib-

Korean: *jǝ̀búi-

Japanese: *(d)impi-r-

Comments: Finch 1987, 17 (Jpn.-Mong.). One of the few exceptional cases of *ǯ- > *j- in Kor. (cf. *ǯa- 'eight').

Proto-Altaic: *debV

Meaning: young (of birds or animals)

Russian meaning: детеныш (птиц или животных)

Turkic: *jabrɨ

Mongolian: *deɣü

Tungus-Manchu: *debere

Comments: Poppe AU 105, Дыбо 9, Лексика 169. A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *d[é]gì

Meaning: feather, wing

Russian meaning: перо, крыло

Turkic: *jüg

Mongolian: *ǯiɣür

Tungus-Manchu: *dekte-

Japanese: *(d)íká

Comments: АПиПЯЯ 44, 287, Лексика 150. Labialization in PT is probably secondary (*jüg < *jegü < *jegi-gü, cf. the Mong. form).

Proto-Altaic: *dĕ́kà

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to burn

Russian meaning: жечь, гореть

Turkic: *jak-

Tungus-Manchu: *deg-ǯe-gi-

Korean: *thằ-

Japanese: *dák-

Comments: Martin 227, JOAL 90-94, АПиПЯЯ 35-36, 90, 279. Korean has a usual vowel reduction between a stop and a fricative.

Proto-Altaic: *dék`à

Meaning: a k. of reed or bamboo

Russian meaning: вид тростника или бамбука

Turkic: *jEken

Mongolian: *dek-

Tungus-Manchu: *deke-

Korean: *tái

Japanese: *tákái

Comments: Martin 225, Whitman 1985, 188, 215, Дыбо 11. The tone incongruence between Kor. and Jpn. should be explained by contraction in Kor.; however, the zero reflex in Kor. is somewhat strange (one would at least expect *tahi).

Proto-Altaic: *dek`V ( ~ -k-)

Meaning: harness, hook

Russian meaning: упряжь, крюк

Turkic: *jEk-

Tungus-Manchu: *deken

Comments: Дыбо 12. A Turk.-Tung. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *dĕ̀lp`à

Meaning: flat, wide

Russian meaning: плоский, широкий

Turkic: *jalpɨ

Mongolian: *dalba-

Tungus-Manchu: *delpi-n

Japanese: *tàpìra

Comments: VEWT 183, KW 75 (Turk.-Mong.), Цинциус 1984, 8, АПиПЯЯ 71, 287. Mong. has also a front vowel variant delbe 'flatness', delbeger 'broad, wide', ǯilbigar id.

Proto-Altaic: *dĕ̀lp`i

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to burst, break

Russian meaning: ломать(ся), рвать(ся)

Turkic: *deĺ-

Mongolian: *delbe-

Tungus-Manchu: *delpe-

Japanese: *timpǝ-

Comments: Poppe 44 (Mong.-Tung.), Дыбо 13. Despite Doerfer MT 64, the TM form is hardly borrowed from Mong.

Proto-Altaic: *depo ( ~ -b-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: wet, soak

Russian meaning: мокрый, мокнуть

Turkic: *jẹbi-

Mongolian: *debte-

Tungus-Manchu: *deb-

Comments: KW 88. A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *dĕp`a ( ~ *t-)

Meaning: soft, fluffy

Russian meaning: мягкий, пушистый

Tungus-Manchu: *dep-

Korean: *tàpók-

Comments: An expressive TM-Kor. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *deŕa ( ~ -o)

Meaning: to flatten, flat

Russian meaning: расплющивать, плоский

Turkic: *jạŕ-

Mongolian: *daru-

Korean: *tàrì-

Comments: SKE 257, 258.

Proto-Altaic: *déru ( ~ -ŕ-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to shake, sway

Russian meaning: качаться, махать

Mongolian: *derbe-

Tungus-Manchu: *der(gi)-

Japanese: *dúr-

Comments: Cf. also PTM *deri(n)- 'jump, run'. {ND 566 adds WMo dorgi- 'tremble, shake, vibrate'}

Proto-Altaic: *dḕ

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to lie

Russian meaning: лежать

Turkic: *jạt-

Mongolian: *de-b-

Tungus-Manchu: *dē-

Japanese: *dàntǝ̀-r-

Comments: One of the common Altaic monosyllabic verbal roots. Note dental suffixation (probably *dē-ta-) reflected in PT, TM and Jpn.

Proto-Altaic: *dḕgni

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: needle, thorn, arrow

Russian meaning: игла, шип, стрела

Turkic: *(j)igne

Mongolian: *ǯeɣü-wün

Tungus-Manchu: *dēŋgu

Japanese: *(d)inka

Comments: Владимирцов 196. Mong. *ǯeɣü-ɣün must go back to *ǯiɣe-ɣü-n. {An alternative proposition: TM *dēŋgu could be compared with PJ *dùmì 'bow' < PA *dḕŋu; in that case the present root could be reconstructed as *ǯegi.}

Proto-Altaic: *dḗlì

Meaning: mane; collar

Russian meaning: грива; воротник

Turkic: *jēl

Mongolian: *del

Tungus-Manchu: *delü-n

Japanese: *(d)iárì

Comments: EAS 52, KW 74, 85, Poppe 22, 75, АПиПЯЯ 72, 287, Лексика 147; TMN 4, 106 ("...unklar"). TM is hardly < Mong., despite Doerfer MT 76, Rozycki 58. The diphthong in Jpn. may indicate PA *dḗjlì. Cf. *dā́lV.

Proto-Altaic: *dible

Meaning: hem

Russian meaning: подол, окантовка

Turkic: *jEl(b)-

Mongolian: *dewel

Tungus-Manchu: *dilbi-

Comments: KW 85, EAS 174 (with several misquoted forms), TMN 1, 328. A Western isogloss. Some rather strange variants coexist within Mong. and TM, and archaic interborrowing is not excluded; it is also possible that the root should be reconstructed as *dible, to account for the development in Mong. Another possibility is comparing the Mong. forms (at least part of them) with Evk. lipêre `a k. of winter clothes', Tuva čüvür `trousers' (?).

Proto-Altaic: *dijV ( ~ *t-)

Meaning: tar, to melt

Russian meaning: вар, варить

Tungus-Manchu: *dī

Korean: *tī-

Japanese: *(d)í-

Comments: An Eastern isogloss.