Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *čōg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: glowing heat, glowing coals

Russian meaning: жар, тлеющие уголья

Old Turkic: čoɣ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: čoɣ (MK)

Middle Turkic: čoɣ (Vam.)

Uzbek: čụɣ

Uighur: čoq, čoɣ

Sary-Yughur: čoɣ

Turkmen: čōg

Khakassian: soɣ

Shor: šoɣ

Oyrat: čoq

Yakut: suos

Dolgan: huos

Kirghiz: čoq

Kazakh: šoq

Comments: VEWT 113, 114, Лексика 366-367, EDT 405, Stachowski 113 (Yak. suos = Tur. čogaš 'sun heat'). Turk. > WMong. čoɣ, Kalm. cog (KW 429, TMN 2, 119, Щербак 1997, 113). Mong. > Yak. čox.

Proto-Turkic: *čök-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to kneel down 2 to sink 3 to sit

Russian meaning: 1 опускаться на колени 2 оседать, тонуть 3 присесть, сесть на корточки

Old Turkic: čök- 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: čök- 1 (MK)

Turkish: čök- 1

Tatar: čük- 1

Middle Turkic: čök- 1 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: čụk- 1, 2

Uighur: čök- 1, 2

Sary-Yughur: čoGe- 3

Azerbaidzhan: čök- 2

Turkmen: čök- 1, 2

Shor: šök- 2

Oyrat: čögö-dö- 1

Chuvash: śъk- 'to fall', śъʷg-ъʷn- 1

Yakut: sügürüj- 1

Kirghiz: čök- 1, 2

Kazakh: šök/g- 1, 2

Noghai: šök/g- 1, 2

Bashkir: sük/g- 1, 2

Balkar: čök/g- 1, 2, 3

Gagauz: čök- 1, 2, 3

Karaim: čök-, cok- 1

Karakalpak: šök/g- 1, 2

Salar: čök-, čöx- 1 (ССЯ)

Kumyk: čök/g- 1, 2, 3

Comments: VEWT 117, TMN 3, 120-122, EDT 413-4, Егоров 205, Федотов 2, 90-91. Turk. > WMong. čökü(le)-, Kalm. čökl- (KW 444; TMN 2, 121, Щербак 1997, 113).

Proto-Turkic: *čöl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: steppe, desert

Russian meaning: степь, пустыня

Old Turkic: čölig 'name of a country' (Orkh.)

Turkish: čöl

Middle Turkic: čöl (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: čụl

Uighur: čöl

Sary-Yughur: čöl (ЯЖУ)

Azerbaidzhan: čöl

Turkmen: čöl

Khakassian: söl

Oyrat: čöl

Tuva: šöl 'field, plaza'

Tofalar: šöl 'steppe, desert'

Kirghiz: čöl

Kazakh: šöl

Noghai: šöl

Bashkir: sül 'desert'

Karaim: čöl

Karakalpak: šöl

Kumyk: čöl

Comments: VEWT 117, TMN 3, 122-123, EDT 420. Turk. > WMong. čöl 'desert' (because of uncertainty of OT čölig doubted by Clark 1977, 135).

Proto-Turkic: *čömele

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: stack, haystack

Russian meaning: стог, копна

Tatar: čümɛlɛ

Uighur: čömülä

Chuvash: śǝʷmel

Kirghiz: čömölö

Kazakh: šömele

Bashkir: sümälä

Karaim: ? čömel 'więzy'

Comments: Егоров 210, Федотов 2, 108, Мудрак Дисс. 137.

Proto-Turkic: *čöŋ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 leather bucket for milking 2 to submerge 3 hollow, deep 4 pool, pond

Russian meaning: 1 кожаное ведро для дойки 2 погружаться 3 полый, глубокий 4 пруд, водоем

Karakhanid: čöŋek 1

Turkish: čöŋgül 4

Shor: šüŋür 3

Oyrat: čöŋ, čüŋ 3, čöŋ- 2

Kirghiz: čöŋke 'a metal vessel (чугунок)'

Comments: EDT 426.

Proto-Turkic: *čöp

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 dregs, impurity, rubbish 2 stick, small branch, straw 3 penis 4 grass, hay

Russian meaning: 1 мусор 2 палочка, веточка, соломинка 3 penis 4 трава, сено

Old Turkic: čöb, čöbik 1 (OUygh. Budd.)

Karakhanid: čöb 'dregs of wine; any piece of noodles'; čübek 3 (MK; with Kypch. phonology šöbik 'огрызок от фрукта')

Turkish: čöp 1, 2, 3

Tatar: čüp 1, čübek 'oakum, combings'

Middle Turkic: ču/üb 2 (Pav. C.), 1 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: čụp 1, 2

Uighur: čöp 'grass; noodles'

Azerbaidzhan: čöp 2

Turkmen: čöp 2

Shor: šöp 1, šöbek 'hemp straw'

Oyrat: čöp 1; 4; afterbirth'

Chuvash: śüpǝ 1; 'newborn child'

Kirghiz: čöp 4; 'afterbirth'; čöbögö 'dregs after boiling butter'

Kazakh: šöp 1, 4

Noghai: šöp 1, 2

Bashkir: süp 1, 'weed'

Balkar: čöb 2, 4

Gagauz: čöp, čep 'gag in a barrel', čepkä 'grapevine, wine dregs', čepel 'dirty'

Karaim: čöp 1, 4

Karakalpak: šöp 1, 4

Salar: čöp 'weed, grass'

Kumyk: čöp 1, 'weed; lot'

Comments: VEWT 118, EDT 394, 396, Егоров 323, Федотов 2, 148. Turk. > Russ. Siber. čup 'dregs', see Аникин 677.

Proto-Turkic: *čubar

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: variegated

Russian meaning: пестрый

Tatar: čuwar

Kirghiz: čār

Comments: VEWT 118-119. Note however that most of the forms listed in VEWT actually reflect PT *čopur (v. sub *šop`é), so the root *čubar appears to be very late and local.

Proto-Turkic: *čug

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bundle 2 to bind, pack, wrap

Russian meaning: 1 связка 2 связывать, упаковывать, обматывать

Old Turkic: čuɣ 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: čuɣ 1, čuɣ-la- 2 (MK)

Turkish: (dial.) čuɣ 1

Tatar: čolɣa- 2

Middle Turkic: čuɣ 'yoke' (Pav. C.), čulɣa- 2 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: čulɣa- 2

Azerbaidzhan: čulɣa- 2

Khakassian: sulɣa- 2

Shor: šu 1 (R), šulɣa- 2

Oyrat: (dial.) čū 1, čū-la- 2 (R)

Yakut: sū 'wrapper', sū-lā- 2

Dolgan: hū-lā- 2

Tuva: šuɣla- 'to cover (with a blanket)'

Kirghiz: čū 1, (South.) čuq 'swaddle' (*čuguk), čulɣa- 2

Kazakh: šuw-maq 1, šulɣaw 'портянки'

Noghai: šuw-maq 1

Bashkir: sɨw 'placenta', solɣa- 2

Balkar: čulɣa- 2

Karaim: čulɣa- 2

Karakalpak: šuw-maq-la- 2, šulɣa-n- 'обертываться портянками'

Comments: VEWT 119, EDT 405, 407, Stachowski 114.

Proto-Turkic: *čügde

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 the projecting bone behind the ear 2 back of head 3 back of axe

Russian meaning: 1 выступающая кость за ухом 2 затылок 3 обух топора

Old Turkic: čügte (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: čügdei (MK) 1

Uzbek: (dial.) čüjdä 2

Turkmen: čüwde 2, 3

Chuvash: śivǝt, śütǝ 'woman's plait' (Ашм.)

Kazakh: šüjde 2, 3

Noghai: šüjde 2, cerebellum

Bashkir: šöjδä 'papilla of the first neck vertebra, back side of blade'

Karakalpak: šüjde 2

Comments: EDT 414, Егоров 213, Федотов 2, 116 (both gloss the Chuv. word as obscure), Лексика 202.

Proto-Turkic: *čüke

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sterlet

Russian meaning: стерлядь

Tatar: čökɛ, dial. (КСТТ) čükä

Chuvash: śъʷga

Bashkir: sögä

Comments: VEWT 121, Федотов 2, 152. A local Volga region word; cf. however Turkm. čüj balɨk 'pike', lit. 'nail-fish' - which may be a reanalysis of the original root.

Proto-Turkic: *čülik-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to become shabby

Russian meaning: становиться потрепанным, заношенным

Karakhanid: čülik- (čülük-) (MK)

Turkish: (dial.) čil 'little'

Middle Turkic: čüle- 'être alteré' (Pav. C.)

Turkmen: čül-čaGa 'little children', čülpe 'small child'

Khakassian: sülek- 'to wear unusual clothes'

Kirghiz: čölük- 'to be exhausted, weakened'

Comments: VEWT 121, EDT 420.

Proto-Turkic: *čümeli

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: ant

Russian meaning: муравей

Old Turkic: čümeli (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: čümeli (MK - Chigil)

Tatar: čümöldü (R - Bar.)

Middle Turkic: čü/umadu 'small ants' (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: čumɔli

Uighur: čümälä (R - Tar.)

Oyrat: čumalɨ, dial. čubalɨ

Tuva: šɨmɨl 'maggot'

Comments: EDT 423, VEWT 121, Лексика 184.

Proto-Turkic: *dab-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 wares 2 goods, livestock 3 cattle 4 to sell, trade

Russian meaning: 1 товар 2 имущество 3 скот 4 продавать, торговать

Old Turkic: tabar 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tavar 1, 2 (MK, KB), 3 (KB), tav- 4 (KB)

Turkish: davar 3

Tatar: tuwar 1

Middle Turkic: tavar (Pav. C.) 1, 3

Uzbek: tɔvar 1

Uighur: tavar 1

Azerbaidzhan: davar 3

Turkmen: dovar 3

Kirghiz: tabar 1 (< Russ.?)

Bashkir: tawar 1

Balkar: tuwar 3

Karaim: tuvar 3

Karakalpak: tawar 1 (< Russ.?)

Kumyk: tuwar 3

Comments: VEWT 451-452, ЭСТЯ 3, 114-117, Лексика 327-328, 336. Turk. > WMong. tawar, Kalm. tawṛ (KW 385, Щербак 1997, 150), Russ. товар.

Proto-Turkic: *dabra-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to hasten, be in a hurry

Russian meaning: спешить

Old Turkic: tavra- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tavra- (MK)

Turkish: davran-

Khakassian: tabɨra-

Shor: tabɨraq 'quickly'

Tofalar: dɨ̄ra-q 'quick'

Comments: ЭСТЯ 3, 112-114, EDT 443. Turkm. dābɨra- is a result of contamination with dābala- 'to trample' (v. sub *tā́p`V).

Proto-Turkic: *dabul

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: storm, strong wind

Russian meaning: буря, сильный ветер

Turkish: (dial. ) daɣɨl

Tatar: dawɨl

Middle Turkic: dawul (Pav. C.)

Turkmen: dowul

Oyrat: tōl (dial.)

Chuvash: tъʷvъʷl

Yakut: tɨal

Dolgan: tɨal

Kirghiz: dobul, dōl

Kazakh: dawɨl

Noghai: dawɨl

Bashkir: dawɨl

Karaim: tawul

Karakalpak: dawɨl

Comments: VEWT 476, Лексика 46-47, Stachowski 236-237.

Proto-Turkic: *daja-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to prop 2 to lean

Russian meaning: 1 подпирать, прислонять 2 опираться

Karakhanid: taja- 1 (MK)

Turkish: daja- 1, dajan- 2

Tatar: tajan- 2

Middle Turkic: taja- 1 (Sangl.), 2 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: taja- 1, tajan- 2

Uighur: tajan- 2

Sary-Yughur: tajan- 2

Azerbaidzhan: daja-

Turkmen: daja- 1, dajan- 2

Khakassian: tajan- 2

Shor: tajan- 2

Oyrat: taja- 1, tajan- 2

Chuvash: toja 'staff' [tajan- 2 < Tat.]

Yakut: tajā- 1, tajan- 2

Dolgan: tajan- 2

Tuva: dajan- 2

Tofalar: daj̃aq 'staff' (Рас. ФиЛ)

Kirghiz: taja- 1, tajan- 2

Kazakh: taja- 1

Noghai: taja- 1, tajan- 2

Bashkir: taja- 1, tajan- 2

Balkar: tajan- 2

Gagauz: daja- 1, dajan- 2

Karaim: taja- 1

Karakalpak: taja- 1, tajan- 2

Kumyk: taja- 1, tajan- 2

Comments: VEWT 455, EDT 567, ЭСТЯ 3, 125-127, Федотов 2, 259-260, Stachowski 215. Turk. *daja-k 'staff' [perhaps rather *dajna-k because of Tof. and Yak. forms: Yak. tajax, taj̃ax, Dolg. tajax, tańak, see Stachowski 215, 216) > WMong. tajaɣ, Kalm. tajǝg (KW 374-375, TMN 2, 445, Щербак 1997, 152).

Proto-Turkic: *daja-gu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 young, elegant, fastidious man 2 good, nice 3 robust, healthy, strong (man)

Russian meaning: 1 юный, элегантный, утонченный (человек) 2 хороший, приятный 3 крепкий, здоровый, сильный (о человеке)

Karakhanid: tajuq er 1 (MK)

Turkish: dajɨ (dial.) 2

Turkmen: dajav 3

Comments: EDT 568.

Proto-Turkic: *dAk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bind to, add to

Russian meaning: привязывать, прикреплять

Old Turkic: taq- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: taq- (MK - Oghuz)

Turkish: tak-

Tatar: taq-

Middle Turkic: taq- (Sangl., MA)

Uzbek: taq-, dial. Xwar. daq-

Azerbaidzhan: tax-

Turkmen: daq-

Oyrat: taq- (dial. - Баск. Туба)

Kirghiz: taq-

Kazakh: taq-

Bashkir: taq-

Balkar: taq-

Gagauz: daq-

Karaim: taq-

Karakalpak: taq-

Kumyk: taq-

Comments: VEWT 456, EDT 464, ЭСТЯ 3, 129-130.

Proto-Turkic: *dal

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 branch 2 tree 3 willow

Russian meaning: 1 ветка 2 дерево 3 ива, верба

Old Turkic: tal 3 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tal 1 (KB), 3 (MK)

Turkish: dal 1

Tatar: tal 3, (dial.) 1

Middle Turkic: dal 3 (Pav. C.), tal 1 (Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: tɔl 3

Uighur: tal 3

Azerbaidzhan: dal 1

Turkmen: tal 3

Khakassian: tal 3

Shor: tal 3

Oyrat: tal 3

Yakut: talax 3

Dolgan: talak 1, 3

Tuva: tal 3

Kirghiz: tal 3

Kazakh: tal 1, 3

Noghai: tal 3

Bashkir: tal 3

Balkar: tal 3 (also 'poplar')

Gagauz: dal 1

Karaim: tal 3

Karakalpak: tal 1, 3

Salar: dāl 2

Kumyk: tal 3

Comments: EDT 489, VEWT 457, ЭСТЯ 3, 130-131, Лексика 125-126, Stachowski 216. Turkm. tal (with irregular t-) may be a loan from Kypchak: there seems to be no reason to postulate two different roots for PT.

Proto-Turkic: *daĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: outer side

Russian meaning: наружный, снаружи

Old Turkic: taš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: taš (MK, KB)

Turkish: dɨš

Tatar: tɨš

Middle Turkic: taš (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: tɔš

Uighur: taš

Sary-Yughur: tas

Azerbaidzhan: dɨšarɨ

Turkmen: daš

Khakassian: tas

Shor: taštɨ 'exterior side'

Oyrat: tɨš

Halaj: taš

Chuvash: tol

Yakut: tas

Dolgan: tas

Tuva: tɨš

Kirghiz: tɨš

Kazakh: tɨs

Noghai: tɨs

Bashkir: tɨš

Balkar: tɨš

Gagauz: dɨšar

Karaim: tɨš

Karakalpak: tɨs

Salar: dašɨ (Kakuk)

Kumyk: tɨš

Comments: VEWT 466, EDT 556-557, TMN 2, 511, ЭСТЯ 3, 164-167, Ашм. XIV, 115, Федотов 2, 243-244, Stachowski 218. -ɨ- in some languages is not quite clear.