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Germanic etymology : Search within this database Total of 1991 record 100 pages
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1 1 20 50 \data\ie\germet
Proto-Germanic: *finki-z; *finkiēn; *spinki-z, *spinkiēn
Meaning: a bird
Norwegian: dial. spikke `kleine vogel'
Old Swedish: spink `Sperling'
Swedish: spink `mus'
Danish: dial. spinke `Sperling'
Old English: finc, -es m. `finch'
English: finch; [ spink < NGerm ]
Middle Dutch: vinke m., f. `Fink'
Dutch: vink m., f.
Middle Low German: vinke m. `Fink'
Old High German: finko (8.Jh.) `Fink'
Middle High German: vinke wk. m. `Finke'
German: Fink m.
Proto-Germanic: *fir-d=
Meaning: last year
Old Norse: ī fjorδ `im vorigen Jahre'
Norwegian: iffor
Swedish: dial. ifjor, ifjol
Danish: ifjor
Middle High German: vërt st. n. `ein verflossenes jahr' (/ vërne, vërn, vërnet, vërnent, vërnt); adv. 'im vorigen jahre'
Proto-Germanic: *firgunja-z, -n, *firgunjō
Meaning: a deity
Gothic: fairguni n. (ja) `mountain, mountain rage'
Old Norse: Fjɔrgyn-n m. `Name eines Gottes, Vater von Frigg', Fjɔrgün f. `Thors Mutter', fjɔrgün `Erde, Land' (poet.)
Old Swedish: PN Färghinn(s)gül, Firghelanda
Swedish: PN Färgegöl, Färgelanda
Old English: firgi-holt, firgen-holr `mountain wood', -stream `mountain stream'
Old High German: Lat-OHG Fergunna, Firgunnea `mountain chain with mines or pine trees', Virgunnia, Virgundia waldus `a range of hills between Ellwangen and Ansbach'
Middle High German: { Virgunt f. (name in Wolfram's Willehalm beside Swarzwalt) }
Proto-Germanic: *firkala-z, *furka-z
Meaning: stake, stick
Old Norse: fork-r m. `mit Eisen beschlagene Stange zum Abstossen eines Schiffes'
Norwegian: dial. fork `Stock, Knüppel'
Swedish: dial. fork `Tragstange'
Old English: { pl. forclas `Riegel' }
Old Saxon: fercal `Riegel, Verschluss'
Proto-Germanic: *firna-; *frō-
Meaning: last year, recent
Gothic: { fɛrns 'vorjährig', af (fram) fɛrnin jēra 'apò pérüsi', fɛrnīs 'palaiós'; fǝrra adv. }
Old Norse: { ferri, fjarri adv. }
Swedish: fjär adv.
Old English: feor(r) adv.
English: far
Old Saxon: ferr adv.; { fernun gêre 'im vorigem Jahre' }
Middle Dutch: vroe adv.; vroech, vrouch adj.
Dutch: vroeg
Old Franconian: fruo
Middle Low German: vrō adv.; vrōch adj.
Old High German: { firni 'vetustus' }; fruo adv. `in der Frühe'; fruoi adj. (um 800); ferro '(von) vern, weit (weg), weitab, weithin, hoch, viel, sehr', fer 'fern, weit' (8.Jh.), fer 'fern, entfernt; ausgedehnt (temp.)' (9.Jh.), ferrana 'von fern, von weitem, weitab' adv., adj. (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: vruo adv.; vrüeje adj. `früh'; vër(r), vërre adv.; vërre 'fern, entfernt, weit, auswärtig, fremd'; vërren(e), vërn(e) adv., adj.
German: früh; fern
Proto-Germanic: *firsti-z, *fursti-z
Meaning: ridge (of a roof), post
Old English: fierst, fyrst, first `Pfosten'
Old Saxon: first m.
Middle Dutch: vorst, vorste f., m. `nok, hoogste deel van het dak'; verste f.
Dutch: vorst f.
Middle Low German: vorst f. `nok, hoogste deel van het dak'; verst m.
Old High German: first (8.Jh.) f., m. `Spitze des Daches, eines Berges, Helmspitze'
Middle High German: virst, vierst, md. vërst st. m., virste st. f. 'Oberkante des Daches, Dachbalken; Spitze des Helmes, Gebirgskamm'
German: First m.
Proto-Germanic: *f[í]rxnōn, *fúrxnō
Meaning: a fish
Swedish: färna `Weisfisch'
Old English: forn, -e f. `trout', { forne }
Old Saxon: forhna, furhnia
Middle Dutch: voorne
Dutch: voren, voorn m.
Middle Low German: vȫrne
Old High German: for(a)hana (9.Jh.)
Middle High German: forhe, forhel, förhel wk. f., forhen st. f. 'forelle'
German: Forelle (*for(h)en-lēn)
Comments: > Lat fario, gen. -ōnis (Ausonius) ? `Lachsforelle'
Proto-Germanic: *firznṓ, *fírsnī, *fársnō
Meaning: heel
Gothic: fɛrzna f. (ō) `heel'
Old English: firsn (fiersn, fyrsn), -e f. `heel'
Old Saxon: fersna
Middle Dutch: versene f. `hiel, hak'
Dutch: pl. verzenen; dial. vaars, vers, varsem, vessem
Old Franconian: fersna
Middle Low German: vērse(ne)
Old High German: fersna, farsana (um 800)
Middle High German: vërsen(e), vërse st./wk. f. 'ferse'
German: Ferse f.
Proto-Germanic: *fiska-z
Meaning: fish
Gothic: fisk-s m. (a) `fish'
Old Norse: fisk-r m. `Fisch'; Run. Norw fiskR
Norwegian: fisk
Old Swedish: fisker
Swedish: fisk
Danish: fisk
Old English: fisc, -es, pl. fiscas (fixas, fisceas) m. `fish'
English: fish
Old Frisian: fisk
Old Saxon: fisk
Middle Dutch: visc m.
Dutch: vis m.
Middle Low German: visch
Old High German: fisc (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: visch st. m. 'fisch'
German: Fisch m.
Proto-Germanic: *fitan-
Meaning: give birth
Gothic: fitan st.? `be in labor, give birth to'
Proto-Germanic: *fitan- vb.; ? *fatōn- vb.
Meaning: fall
Old Norse: ? feta st.: feta leiδ `den Weg finden'; fata wk. `den Weg finden'
Swedish: ? dial. fjäta
Old English: *fetan: prt. pl. gefētan st. V. `fallen'; fatian wif `heiraten (*ein Weib heimführen)'
Old High German: { *feʒʒan: prt. gefaʒ `fallen' }
Proto-Germanic: *fitjō, *fitja-
Meaning: piece
Old Norse: fit f. `Schwimmhaut der Vögel; Arm, Hand; Brünne (poet.)'
Norwegian: dial. fit `Fuss einer Tierhaut; Garn, Fitze'
Old English: fitt (fit), -es. n.? `song, poem'; { fitt `Abschnitt, Gesang' }
Old Saxon: fitten `Abteilung eines Gedichtes, Gedicht'
Old High German: { fizza ` Fitze, Gebinde, Fadenende' }
Middle High German: viz (-tz-) st. m., vitze st. f. 'eine beim haspeln durch einen quer darum gewundenen zwischenfaden abgeteilte u. für sich verbundene anzahl fäden'
German: { Fitze }
Proto-Germanic: *fiɵl= (~ -a-)
Meaning: plate
Old English: gold-fell `Blattgold'
Old High German: { fedel-gold `Blattgold' }
Proto-Germanic: *fíɵrō; *fiɵɵ=; *fiɵria-n
Meaning: feather
Old Norse: fjɔδr f. `Feder'; fiδri n. `Gefieder'
Norwegian: fjör, fjöder; fēr `feines aber wenig dichtes Haar oder Gras'
Swedish: fjäder
Danish: fjär, fjeder
Old English: feɵer f. `Feder'; fiɵercian `fladderen'; fiɵre `Flügel'
English: feather
Old Frisian: fethere f.
Old Saxon: fethata f. `veer, vin'
Middle Dutch: vēder(e) f. `veer, vleugel'; gevedre `Gefieder'
Dutch: veder, veer f.
Old Franconian: fethera f. `penna'; pl. gen. fetheraco `alarum'
Middle Low German: vēder(e); vittek, vitk
Old High German: { fed(a)rah m., n. `Flügel' }; fedara (10.Jh.) f. `Feder'; {fethdhāh, fettāh `alae'} feddā̆h (9.Jh.), fettā̆h (später); { gifidiri `Gefieder' } gifedari adj. 'geflügelt, gefiedert' (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: vëder(e) st./wk. f. 'feder; flaumiges pelzwerk'; vëtach(e), vëtech(e), vëtich, vitich wk. f., m. 'fittich'; gevider(e) st., n. 'Federn, Federbett, Federvieh'
German: Feder f.; Fittich m.; Gefieder n.
Proto-Germanic: *fiuxtō, *fiuxtiō
Meaning: pine
Old Saxon: fiuhtia `Fichte'
Dutch: vucht m. `Pinus silvestris'
Middle Low German: vüchte `Kiefer'
Old High German: fiuhta (10./11.Jh.), fiohta (11.Jh.),
Middle High German: viehte wk./st. f. 'fichte'
German: Fichte f.
Proto-Germanic: *fixtan- vb.; *faxsa-n; *faxti-z; *fixl=; ? *fixōn-
Meaning: comb, shear
Old Swedish: fǟt m. `Woole, Flies'
Old English: feohtan `fechten'; feht `Flies'; fihl `pannus'
English: fight
Old Frisian: fiuchta vb.
Old Saxon: fehtan `fechten'; farfehon `hinnehmen, wegraffen, verzehren'
Middle Dutch: vechten; vacht f. `vacht, wol'
Dutch: vechten; vacht f. `Wolle, Schur'
Old Franconian: fehtan
Middle Low German: fechten
Old High German: fehtan (8.Jh.) `fechten'; fehōn `verzehren, essen'; fahs
Middle High German: vëchten st. 'fechten, streiten, kämpfen, ringen'
German: fechten
Proto-Germanic: *fíxu; *fíxa-n; *fáxaz
Meaning: cattle
Gothic: fɛhu n. (u) `money. movable goods'
Old Norse: fē n. `Vieh, Besitz, Geld', Run. feu, fea `Name der Rune f'; fǟr n. `Schaf'
Norwegian: fe; fɔr `hilfloser Stümper'
Old Swedish: fār `Schaf'
Swedish: fä `Vieh'; fɔr `Schaf'
Old Danish: fä
Danish: fɔr `Schaf'
Old English: feoh (fioh), gen. fēos n. `cattle, living animals; tame beasts; property, wealth, money'
English: fee
Old Frisian: fiā n., m. `vee, bezit'
Old Saxon: fehu, fihu, fē n. `vee, bezit'
Middle Dutch: vee n. `vee, stuk vee'
Dutch: vee n.
Old Franconian: fē n. `vee, stuk vee', fiu n. `pecunia'
Middle Low German: vē `Vieh, Besitz',
Old High German: fihu n. `Nutztier, Tier, Besitz' (8.Jh.),
Middle High German: vihe, vëhe st. n. 'tier, vieh'
German: Vieh n.
Proto-Germanic: *fīfald=, *fīfild=
Meaning: butterfly
Old Norse: fīfrildi n. `Schmetterling'; NIsl fiδrildi `id.'
Norwegian: fivrelde, feväldre, fivel
Old Swedish: fiädhal
Swedish: fjäril; dial. feffel; dial. fjädɔlder
Old English: fīfealde (-falde), -an f. `butterfly'
Old Saxon: fīfoldara
Middle Dutch: vīveltre
Dutch: vijwouter m., dial. wiewouter
Old High German: fīfalt(a)ra f. (9. Jh.), fīfaltar m. (Hs. 12.Jh.)
Middle High German: vīvalter st./wk. m. 'schmetterling'
German: Falter m., dial. Feifalter
Proto-Germanic: *fīlō, *feilō
Meaning: file
Old Norse: { ɵēl }
Old English: { fēol }, fīl
English: file
Old Saxon: fīla
Middle Dutch: vīle
Dutch: vijl
Middle Low German: vīle
Old High German: fīla (fīhala um 800 -- contamination with bīhal 'Beil', selon Fraenkel)
Middle High German: vīle st. f.
German: Feile f.
Comments: Another possible reconstruction (taking into account the OHG fīhala) is *finx(i)lō; in this case the Balto-Slavic forms should be regarded as borrowed from Germanic -- but the Baltic diphthong is unexplained.
Proto-Germanic: *fīnēn-, *fail=
Meaning: true, friendly
Gothic: *in-fīnan wk. `have pity'
Old English: fǟle `treu, freundlich'
Middle Low German: vēlich, veilich `sicher, sorglos'
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