Tamil derivates :en_kai saying; en_pi (-pp-, -tt-) to make one establish or prove (as a statement)
Malayalam :ennuka
Malayalam meaning :to sound, say, think (defective); to sound thus, appear thus, be such (aux. vb.)
Kannada :en (end-), ennu, an (and-), annu
Kannada meaning :to say, speak, call, name
Kannada derivates :enisu, ennisu, enasu, anasu, anisu, annisu to cause to say, cause oneself to say, cause to be called, cause oneself to be called, be called, be spoken of; enuha, ennike, ennuvike, annuvike saying, calling, naming; embu, imbu a saying, a word
Malayalam derivates :yā/yātu/ētu/ēn, ēva what (sg., pl.); e, ē what; eŋŋu where; eŋŋum, eŋŋānum anywhere; eŋŋanē how; ettira, etra how much, how many; entu what; why; ennu what day, when; ennum, ennekkum always; e-ppur_am what side; e-ppōḷ when; eppērum everyone
Kannada :yā-, ā-, ē-, e-
Kannada meaning :interrogative base
Kannada derivates :yā, yāva, ā, āva, dāva, ē, e what, which; yār, ār, dāru who (pl.); yāvanu, āvaṃ, āve which man; yāvaḷu, āvaḷ which woman; āvudu what, which; pl. āvuvu; yāke, yātake, yātakke, ētake, ēke why; ēn what; pl. ēvu; etta which or what place or direction, to or in which etc., where; ettam wheresoever; enitu, enittu, enisu, entuṭu, eṣṭu, ēṭu, ēsu how much, how many; enta, entā, entha, enthā, entaha, enna what kind or sort; entu how; entum by all or any means; endu when; endum always; enne what time; elli what place, where, whither; ehage, ehaŋge, eheŋge, eŋge, heŋge, hēge, hēŋge, hyāge, hyāŋge in what manner; how
Kodagu :ārɨ (dat. ākɨ, gen. āḍa), dārɨ
Kodagu meaning :who (sg., pl.)
Kodagu derivates :ennɨ what; ēvëN, ēva, ēvu, ēdɨ which man, which woman, which persons, which thing or things; adj. ē; elli where; elliñji whence; ettɨ, ettaṭṭi, eppara to which side; ettiñji from which direction; ēle by which way; ekka when; ekkatiñji since when; ekkākaṇe until when; ekkalē just when; ekkalū, ekkōlū always; endɨ which day; endū always; eccë, eccakɨ how many; ennatë, entë of what kind; ennane, ētaratɨ in what manner; ennatāŋgɨ for what purpose; ēnaŋguṇḍɨ on account of what; ennaŋgɨ why
Tulu :ērụ, ēraṇe
Tulu meaning :who
Tulu derivates :dā, dānè, jānè, dāva, dādavu, vā, ovu what, which; dāye why; ēni, ēpa, ēpo when; ētụ how much, how many; ētoḷu how often; eñca how; eñci what sort of; eñcitti such as what; ōḷu, oḷpa where; oḍe whither; oñci whence; (B-K) ōpe which side; ōpetāyé which man
Tamil derivates :eẓu (-v-, -nt-) to emit sound; eẓāl musical notes of the yāẓ, the yāẓ, human voice; eẓuppu (eẓuppi-) to call forth (as melody from an instrument), raise (as the voice in speaking or singing); eẓuvu (eẓuvi-) to produce or call forth sound; eṭu (-pp-, -tt-) to utter or sing in a loud voice; eṭuppu (eṭuppi-) to produce (as harmonious sounds from an instrument)
Notes :Contrary to the usual suggestion that Tamil ñāṛ < *jāṛ- (reasons obscure), initial ñ- is probably due to contamination with ñaral 'to sound', etc. Malayalam ēṛil is a very suspicious form as well, as this is the only initial ē- reflex of PDR *jV̄-.
Tamil derivates :kavvu (kavvi-), kauvu (kauvi-) to seize with the mouth, grasp with eagerness; n. bite, seizing by the mouth (as dog), eating
Malayalam :kappuka, kammuka
Malayalam meaning :to snap at, eat as a dog or madman
Malayalam derivates :(Kauṭ.) kauvuka to seize with mouth, bite
Kannada :kapa, kaba, gapa, gappa, gaba
Kannada meaning :imit. of the sound emitted in eager gulping (mostly also reduplicated)
Kannada derivates :kabakkane, kappane, kavakkane, gabakkane in a snatching manner, with the sound produced in snatching, with the sound of gulping quickly
Kodagu :kabb- (kabbi-)
Kodagu meaning :to seize with wide-open mouth (of dogs, tigers, etc.)
Tulu :kappuni
Tulu meaning :to eat greedily
Tulu derivates :gabagaba gulping, swallowing; kapparaṇṭu a glutton
Kannada meaning :rubbish, sweepings, weed, useless plant, afterbirth, placenta
Kannada derivates :kasaru dust and other impurities; kasakilu a broom; kasabaralu a kind of broom; kasabarige, kasaparige, kasaborige, kasaporige, kasabōrige, kasapōrige id. (for parige see DEDR 4415); kasamara, kasavarige broom
Tulu :kajavu, kajāvu
Tulu meaning :rubbish, sweepings, afterbirth
Tulu derivates :kajilụ, kajelụ afterbirth; (B-K.) kajane rubbish floating on stagnant water; kajè an acid substance accumulated on the teeth by chewing betel leaves; kasa sweepings, rubbish; kasaṇṭụ sediment; kasarụ sediment, dross of smelted iron
