Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *KAk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to hit, knock, tear

Russian meaning: бить, стучать, рвать

Karakhanid: qaq- (MK)

Turkish: kak-

Tatar: qaq-

Middle Turkic: qaq- (Houts., AH, Qutb, MA)

Uzbek: qɔq-

Uighur: qaq-

Azerbaidzhan: Gax-

Turkmen: qaq-, qaqɨl-

Khakassian: xax-

Oyrat: qaq-

Dolgan: kakrɨj- 'break into small pieces'

Tuva: qaq-

Tofalar: qa'q-

Kirghiz: qaq-

Kazakh: qaq-

Noghai: qaq-

Bashkir: qaq-

Balkar: qaq-

Gagauz: qaq-

Karaim: qaq-

Karakalpak: qaq-

Kumyk: qaq-

Comments: VEWT 223, ЭСТЯ 5, 221-222, Stachowski 135.

Proto-Turkic: *KAkɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be angry

Russian meaning: сердиться

Old Turkic: qaqɨ- (OUygh.), qaqɨ-ɣ 'anger'

Karakhanid: qaqɨ-, qaqu- (MK)

Turkish: kakɨ-

Middle Turkic: qaqɨ- (AH, Qutb., Pav. C.)

Turkmen: qaqɨ-

Kirghiz: qaq-

Karaim: qaqɨ-

Comments: VEWT 223, ЭСТЯ 5, 223-224. Turk. > WMong. qaki-, Kalm. χäkǝ- (KW 176).

Proto-Turkic: *KAkma

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of sheepskin

Russian meaning: вид овчины

Middle Turkic: qaqma (CCum., ShS)

Comments: VEWT 224.

Proto-Turkic: *KĀĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 jade 2 precious stone, the bezel of a finger ring

Russian meaning: 1 яшма 2 драгоценный камень, гнездо в кольце

Karakhanid: qaš (MK) 1

Turkish: kaš 2

Tatar: qaš 2

Middle Turkic: qaš (Houts., IM, Pav. C., MA) 1, 2

Uighur: qaš 2

Azerbaidzhan: Gaš 2

Turkmen: Gāš 2

Tuva: xaš 2

Kirghiz: qaš 2

Noghai: qas 2

Bashkir: qaš 2

Kumyk: qaš 2

Comments: EDT 669. KW 171. Turk. > Mong. qas(i), (HY) qaši, see Clark 1980, 41, 42, Щербак 1997, 134.

Proto-Turkic: *Kal-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 old man 2 to be tired 3 to be ~ years old

Russian meaning: 1 старик 2 уставать 3 иметь возраст

Old Turkic: qal- (Orkh., YB) 3

Karakhanid: qal (MK) 1

Middle Turkic: qal- 'to come to an end' (CCum.)

Oyrat: qala- 2

Chuvash: xoll-en 'slowly'

Comments: VEWT 224. EDT 615-616. Chuv. xullen is derived (by Tekin 1975, 281) from PT *K(i)aĺaŋ (v. sub *ki̯oĺa), but it rather belongs here.

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bulrush, reedmace

Russian meaning: камыш, рогоз

Karakhanid: qašaq (MK)

Kirghiz: qašaq (VEWT), qašeq 'aftergrass'

Comments: VEWT 240.

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 urine 2 to urinate (of a horse)

Russian meaning: 1 моча 2 мочиться (о лошади)

Karakhanid: qašan- 2

Turkish: kašan 1, kašan- 2

Middle Turkic: qašɨn- (Houts.)

Azerbaidzhan: Gašan- 2

Noghai: qasan- 2

Comments: EDT 674, ЭСТЯ 5, 348.

Proto-Turkic: *KAlba

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wild garlic, leek

Russian meaning: черемша

Old Turkic: ? qalma 'a k. of food' (Rach.)

Khakassian: xalba

Shor: qalba

Oyrat: qalma

Tuva: xɨlba

Comments: VEWT 227. Cf. an OT (MK) Hapax keleb 'a tender plant which grows in the Turk's summer pastures and fattens livestock quickly' (EDT 716), keleb-le- 'to be covered by this plant (of a mountain)', for which cf. also Sak. kalarbä 'a k. of plant, whose root is used in medicine' (Bailey 35). See also Стеблин-Каменский 1982, 77, comparing the Sak. form with Pers., Tadzh. kalam 'cabbage' (> Turkm. kelem) - these all may be variously transformed substratum loanwords, cf. also Greek krambǟ 'cabbage, radish, rutabaga' - according to Frisk possibly < Pelasg.

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺ(č)ga

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: white spot, white blaze

Russian meaning: белое пятно, лысина

Karakhanid: qašɣa (MK)

Turkish: kaška

Tatar: qašqa

Middle Turkic: qašqa (AH, MA)

Uzbek: qɛšqɛ

Uighur: qašqa

Azerbaidzhan: GašGa

Turkmen: dial. GašGa

Khakassian: xasxa

Shor: qašqa

Kirghiz: qašqa, qačqa

Kazakh: qasqa

Noghai: qasqa

Bashkir: qašqa

Balkar: qašxa

Karakalpak: qasqa

Comments: VEWT 241, ЭСТЯ 5, 350-351. Cf. also the probable deriving stem in Tuva xaš 'worked thin leather', Tof. xaš 'naked, napless (skin)' (Рас. ФиЛ 186).

Proto-Turkic: *Kạĺčɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to scrape

Russian meaning: скрести, царапать

Karakhanid: qašɨ- (MK)

Turkish: kašɨ-

Tatar: qašɨ-

Middle Turkic: qašɨ- (Abush., MA)

Uzbek: qaši-

Azerbaidzhan: Gašɨ-

Turkmen: Gaša-

Chuvash: xɨś-

Yakut: kɨhɨj-

Kirghiz: qašɨ-

Kazakh: qasɨ-

Noghai: qasɨ-

Bashkir: qašɨ-

Karakalpak: qasɨ-

Comments: VEWT 240, ЭСТЯ 5, 348, Мудрак 98. Turkic is a probable source of MMong qaši'ur 'scraper' (cf. Chag. qašaɣu etc., see Щербак 1997, 135).

Proto-Turkic: *Kạl(ɨ)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to rise 2 jump up

Russian meaning: 1 подниматься 2 подпрыгивать

Old Turkic: qalɨ- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qalɨ- (MK, KB) 2

Turkish: kalk(ɨ)- 2, kal-dɨr- (caus.)

Tatar: qalq- 1,2

Middle Turkic: qalq- (Pav. C., Буд.) 1, (Houts., IM) 2, qal-dur- (caus.) (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qalq- 1, qalqi- 1, 2

Azerbaidzhan: Galx- 1, Gal-dɨr- (caus.)

Turkmen: Galk- 1, Gal-dɨr- (caus.)

Khakassian: xalɨ- 1,2 (dial. Sag.)

Oyrat: qalɨ- 1,2

Yakut: kɨlɨj- 1,2

Tuva: xalɨ- 1,2

Kirghiz: qalqɨ- 1

Kazakh: qalqɨ- 1

Noghai: qalq- 1

Bashkir: qalq- 1

Karakalpak: qalqɨ- 1

Kumyk: qalq- 1

Comments: VEWT 226, ЭСТЯ 5, 224-226.

Proto-Turkic: *Kalɨm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 ransom for bride 2 fee

Russian meaning: 1 выкуп за невесту 2 штраф, подать

Old Turkic: qalan (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: qalɨŋ (MK) 1

Turkish: kalɨn 1

Tatar: qalɨm 1

Middle Turkic: qalɨn (Houts., Pav. C., Буд.) 1

Uzbek: qalin

Turkmen: Galɨŋ 2

Khakassian: xalɨm 1

Oyrat: qalɨm, qalɨŋ 1

Chuvash: xolъm 1

Yakut: xalɨm, xalɨ̄m 1

Tuva: xɨlɨŋ 1 (dial. Todzh.)

Tofalar: xɨlɨm 1

Kirghiz: qalɨŋ 1

Kazakh: qalɨŋ 1

Noghai: qalɨm 1

Bashkir: qalɨm 1

Balkar: qalɨn 1

Karakalpak: qalɨŋ 1

Kumyk: qalɨm 1

Comments: VEWT 226, TMN 3, 399, 488, ЭСТЯ 5, 239-240, Федотов 2, 354. Turk. > Mong. qalan 'fee, tax' (Щербак 1997, 197).

Proto-Turkic: *Kalɨŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 thick, stiff 2 numerous

Russian meaning: 1 толстый, густой 2 многочисленный

Old Turkic: qalɨn (Orkh.) 1, qalɨn (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: qalɨn (MK) 1, (MK, KB) 2

Turkish: kalɨn 1

Tatar: qalɨn 1

Middle Turkic: qalɨŋ (Qutb.) 1, qalɨn (MA, Houts., Abush., AH, Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: qɛlin 1

Uighur: qelin 1

Azerbaidzhan: Galɨn 1

Turkmen: Galɨŋ 1

Khakassian: xalɨn 1

Oyrat: qalɨŋ 1

Chuvash: xulъn, xolъm 1

Yakut: xalɨŋ 1

Tuva: qɨlɨn, dial. Todzh. 1

Tofalar: xɨlɨn 1

Kirghiz: qalɨŋ 1

Kazakh: qalɨŋ 1

Noghai: qalɨn 1

Bashkir: qalɨn 1

Karakalpak: qalɨŋ 1

Kumyk: qalɨn 1

Comments: VEWT 226, ЭСТЯ 5, 238-239, Федотов 2, 354-355.

Proto-Turkic: *Kalpak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hat

Russian meaning: шапка, шляпа

Turkish: kalpak

Tatar: qalpaq

Middle Turkic: qalpaq (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qalpɔq

Uighur: qalpaq

Sary-Yughur: qalmaq

Turkmen: Galpaq

Khakassian: xalbax, xalpax

Yakut: xalpāq

Kirghiz: qalpaq

Kazakh: qalpaq

Noghai: qalpaq

Bashkir: qalpaq

Balkar: qalfaq

Gagauz: qalpaq

Karaim: qalpaq

Karakalpak: qalpaq

Kumyk: qalpaq

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 234-235. The word is not attested in OT; cf. however the common Slavic loanword *klobukъ, attested in Russian sources already in the 12th century (in чьрнии клобуци 'black hats' = the Karakalpaks, but with characteristically Bulgarian phonology).

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺuk / *KAlgak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 spoon 2 oar, shovel

Russian meaning: 1 ложка 2 весло, лопатка

Old Turkic: qašuq 1

Karakhanid: qašuq, qašɨq (MK)

Turkish: kašɨk 1, dial. kalak 2

Tatar: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2 > Chuv.

Middle Turkic: qašɨq (IM), qašuq (Houts., AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɔšiq 1, qɔlɔq 2

Uighur: qošuq, dial. qašuq 1, qalaq 2

Azerbaidzhan: GašɨG 1

Turkmen: qašɨq 1

Khakassian: xazɨx 1, xalɣax 1,2

Shor: qalaq 2

Oyrat: qažɨq 1, qalaq 2

Tofalar: qah́ik 1, qalɣaq 2

Kirghiz: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Kazakh: qasɨq 1, qalaq 2

Noghai: qasɨq 1, qalaq 2

Bashkir: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Balkar: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Karakalpak: qasɨq 1, qalaq 2

Kumyk: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Comments: VEWT 225, 241, ЭСТЯ 5, 231-232, 353-354. Turk. > Russ. Siber. kašík, see Аникин 277.

Proto-Turkic: *Kạm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bed-bug 2 beetle

Russian meaning: 1 клоп 2 жук

Turkish: kandalaj 1 (dial.)

Tatar: qandala 1

Middle Turkic: qandala (Houts., Буд.) 1, qandala (Qum.) 1

Uzbek: qɛndɛlɔ 1

Turkmen: Gandala 1

Khakassian: xandala 1

Oyrat: qandrɨjaq 'cochlea' (Верб.)

Chuvash: xъʷmtla, xъʷmdъʷla, xъʷmgъʷla ~ xъʷngъʷla 1

Kirghiz: qantala 1

Kazakh: qandala 1

Noghai: qandalaj

Bashkir: qandala 1

Balkar: qandaɣaj 1, qamažaq 2

Karakalpak: qandala 1

Kumyk: qandala 1

Comments: VEWT 229, ЭСТЯ 5, 253-254, Лексика 183.

Proto-Turkic: *KĀma-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 become blinded, dumb 2 (set) teeth on edge 3 to be tired, pine, droop

Russian meaning: 1 слепнуть, глохнуть 2 набивать оскомину 3 уставать, изнемогать

Old Turkic: qamaš- (Orkh.) 3

Karakhanid: qama- (MK, KB) 1, 2

Turkish: kamaš- 1

Tatar: qamaš- 3

Middle Turkic: qamaš- (Pav. C., Бор. Бад., MA) 1, 2

Uzbek: qɛmɛš- 1

Uighur: qamaš- 2

Azerbaidzhan: Gamaš- 1

Turkmen: Gāmaš- 2

Kirghiz: qama- 2

Kazakh: qama- 2

Noghai: qama- 2

Bashkir: qamaš- 2

Karakalpak: qamas- 2

Kumyk: qama- 2

Comments: VEWT 228, ЭСТЯ 5, 242-243, 246-247. Cf. also Kirgh., Kaz. qam 'sorrow', Turkm. Gam GajGɨ 'mischief, sorrow'. Turk. > MMong. (MA) qama- id. (see Щербак 1997, 197).

Proto-Turkic: *Kạma

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 beaver 2 otter

Russian meaning: 1 бобер 2 выдра

Tatar: qama 2

Uighur: qama 2

Khakassian: xam-nos, xam čat (Верб.) 1

Shor: qamna(ɣɨ) 2

Oyrat: qamdu 2

Chuvash: xъʷma 'beaver, marten'

Bashkir: qama 2

Karakalpak: qama 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 242, Лексика 162, Мудрак Дисс. 145. Also PT *Kam-tuŕ 'beaver, otter' (VEWT 228, Лексика 162) (*Kam-tuŕ may be a compound < *Kama + *utɨŕ 'otter' q. v. sub *óŋdu; Лексика ibid., however, suggests rather *Kam-luč, with a diminutive *-luč. There is also a variant *Kun-tuŕ (with *Kunu 'wolverine'? - see, however, TMN 3, 524, with a suggestion of Turk. < Pers.).

Proto-Turkic: *KAmgak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: saltwort, Salsula

Russian meaning: солянка, поташник, Salsula

Old Turkic: qamɣaq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qamɣaq (MK)

Middle Turkic: qamɣaq (Qutb., Pav. C.), qamqaq (Houts.)

Uzbek: qɔmɣɔq

Uighur: qamɣaq

Turkmen: Gamaq

Kirghiz: qamɣaq

Kazakh: qaŋbaq

Noghai: qambaq

Bashkir: qamɣaq

Karakalpak: qaŋbaq

Kumyk: qammaq

Comments: EDT 627, VEWT 229, ЭСТЯ 5, 244-245.

Proto-Turkic: *Kamɨč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scoop, ladle

Russian meaning: черпак

Old Turkic: qamɨč (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qamɨč (MK)

Middle Turkic: qamɨč (IM)

Uighur: qemič

Khakassian: xamɨs

Chuvash: (Bulg.) xumǯa (< *kamča(h))

Yakut: xamɨas, xomuos

Dolgan: komuos

Tuva: xɨmɨš

Comments: EDT 626, VEWT 229, ЭСТЯ 5, 248-249, Stachowski 152.