Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *Koŋak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dandruff

Russian meaning: перхоть

Turkish: konak

Turkmen: Goŋaq

Comments: VEWT 280.

Proto-Turkic: *Kobga

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pail, bucket

Russian meaning: ведро

Old Turkic: qovɣa (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qova (MK Oghuz)

Turkish: kova, koɣa

Middle Turkic: qova (AH), qopqa (Pav. C., Бор. Бад., Abush.)

Uzbek: qawɣa (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: Gova

Turkmen: Gova

Tuva: xuva

Kazakh: qawɣa

Noghai: qawɣa

Karaim: qova, qopqa

Karakalpak: qawɣa, ɣawɣa

Comments: EDT 583-584, ЭСТЯ 6, 12-13. Turk. > Mong. qobuɣa 'bucket, trough'.

Proto-Turkic: *gErtme

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pear

Russian meaning: груша

Turkish: germešik 'cornus sanguinea'

Middle Turkic: kertme 'яблоко, груша' (OKypch.: AH, Houts., CCum.), kirni 'quince'

Noghai: kertpe

Balkar: kertme

Karaim: gertme

Kumyk: gertme

Comments: VEWT 257. Perhaps < *gürt-me, cf. the attested OT (MK-Osm., see EDT 738) kürt 'mountain tree for making bows, Pyrus'; (AH) kürt 'quince'.

Proto-Turkic: *Kur

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 rank, stage, row 2 similar, equal 3 one of a pair, odd 4 time

Russian meaning: 1 ранг, степень, ряд 2 сходный, равный 3 один из двух, нечетный 4 время, раз

Old Turkic: qur 1, 4 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qur 1, 4 (MK)

Turkish: kor 1, kur 1, 4 (dial.)

Tatar: qor 4

Middle Turkic: qur 4 (AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qur 4 (dial.)

Uighur: qur 'line' (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: qor 4

Turkmen: Gor 'layer'

Chuvash: xъrax 2,3

Yakut: kurduk 2

Kirghiz: qur 4

Bashkir: qor 4, (dial.) 'row of coins'

Comments: EDT 642, ЭСТЯ 6, 73, 151-152, VEWT 301-302 (to be distinguished from *Kur 'belt'). ЭСТЯ (ibid.) distinguishes between *Kor 'layer, row' and *Kur 'time' - but the roots, even if distinguished originally, became quite confused already in Old Turkic. Turk. > Hung. kor 'age', see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *Kasɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: enclosure

Russian meaning: загон, огороженное место

Karakhanid: qasɨ (MK)

Turkish: qasu (dial.)

Chuvash: xožъ 'space, surroundings'

Tuva: qazanaq 'shed, kennel'

Comments: EDT 666, ЭСТЯ 5, 346-347.

Proto-Turkic: *Tɨdɨn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: time, appointed time

Russian meaning: срок

Old Turkic: tɨdɨn (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tɨδɨn

Bashkir: tɨna (3 Sg. Dat.) 'промежуток рабочего времени от одной передышки до другой'

Comments: EDT 457.

Proto-Turkic: *Kat-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to heat (oven) 2 (fire) steel 3 to bake

Russian meaning: 1 топить печь 2 огниво 3 печь

Chuvash: xot- 1

Yakut: xatat 2

Kirghiz: qatɨr- 3

Comments: Ашм. XVI, 256, ЭСТЯ 5, 335 (connected with *kat- 'dry', but in fact a different root because of the Chuvash form). However, if Mari oltaš 'heat' is from Bulg., the original form could be *Kal-t- and should be removed from the etymology (cf. Федотов 2, 372).

Proto-Turkic: *Kiār-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to mix

Russian meaning: смешивать

Karakhanid: qar- (MK Oghuz)

Turkish: kar-

Middle Turkic: qar- (Abush.)

Uzbek: qɔr-

Turkmen: Gār-

Chuvash: jor-, jur-

Karakalpak: qarɨ-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 285, EDT 642-643, Ашм. IV, 351-352, Федотов 2, 490-491.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨč-gɨr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to shout, cry

Russian meaning: кричать

Tatar: qɨčqɨr-

Uighur: qičqir-

Azerbaidzhan: GɨšGɨr-

Khakassian: xɨsxɨr-

Shor: qɨšɨr-

Oyrat: qɨčɨr-

Yakut: kɨskɨj- 'to whistle'

Tuva: qɨšqɨr-

Kirghiz: qɨčqɨr-

Bashkir: qɨsqɨr-

Balkar: qɨčɨr-

Kumyk: qɨčɨr-

Comments: VEWT 261. Turk. > WMong. qaskira-, Kalm. xäškr- (KW 178).

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨ̄č-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to criticize, malice

Russian meaning: критиковать, злобствовать

Karakhanid: qɨčur- (MK)

Tatar: qɨǯɨ- (R.)

Turkmen: Gɨ̄ǯɨt 'reproach'

Khakassian: xɨsxar- 'to reproach, blame', xɨǯɨr- 'to tease smb.'

Yakut: kɨ̄hɨr-

Tuva: qɨžɨrɨ- 'to tease, ridicule'

Kirghiz: qɨǯɨn-

Comments: EDT 59.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨd-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 edge, border, seashore, frontier 2 margin, edging

Russian meaning: 1 край, граница, берег 2 опушка, кайма

Old Turkic: qɨdɨɣ (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qɨδɨɣ (MK) 1

Turkish: kɨjɨ, kɨj 1

Sary-Yughur: qɨzɨɣ 1

Shor: qɨjɨɣ 2

Oyrat: quju 1

Chuvash: xǝrǝ 1

Yakut: kɨtɨ̄ 1, 2

Tuva: qɨdɨɣ 1, 2

Kirghiz: qɨjū 2

Kazakh: qɨjɨw 2

Noghai: qɨjuw 2

Karakalpak: qɨjɨw 2

Kumyk: qɨjɨw 2

Comments: EDT 598, VEWT 261, Лексика 94, ЭСТЯ 6, 196-197, 203. The root is also attested in verbal function (*Kɨdɨ- 'to border, hem'), see ЭСТЯ 6, 196.

Proto-Turkic: *Köĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to freeze

Russian meaning: замерзать

Tatar: küšek-

Yakut: köhüj-

Tuva: köžü-

Tofalar: köšü-

Kazakh: köšü-

Bashkir: küšek-

Comments: VEWT 294, ЭСТЯ 5, 127.

Proto-Turkic: *Kumĺuj

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a louse or tick full of blood

Russian meaning: вошь или клещ, напившийся крови

Karakhanid: qumšuj (MK)

Comments: EDT 629. An expressive variant may be represented in OT (MK) kömiče 'gnat' (EDT 722).

Proto-Turkic: *Kum

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sand

Russian meaning: песок

Old Turkic: qum (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qum (MK)

Turkish: kum

Tatar: qom

Middle Turkic: qum (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: qum

Uighur: qum

Sary-Yughur: qum, qom

Azerbaidzhan: Gum

Turkmen: Gum

Khakassian: xum

Shor: qum

Oyrat: qum

Chuvash: xъʷm

Yakut: kumax

Dolgan: kumak

Tuva: qum

Tofalar: xum

Kirghiz: qum

Kazakh: qu_m

Noghai: qum

Bashkir: qom

Balkar: qum

Gagauz: qum

Karaim: qum

Karakalpak: qum

Salar: Gum

Comments: VEWT 299, EDT 625, Лексика 102, ЭСТЯ 6, 133-134, Stachowski 160. Turk. > WMong. qum, Kalm. xum 'sand' (KW 196; TMN 3, 508), Hung. homok (Gombocz 1912).

Proto-Turkic: *Kün

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: people

Russian meaning: народ

Old Turkic: elgün (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: el kün (KB)

Turkish: elgün (Osm. XIV c.)

Middle Turkic: el wa kün (Sangl.), elgün (Pav. C.), elgün (Oghuz-nama), elgün 'goverment, realm' (Ettuhf.)

Comments: VEWT 309, TMN 3,656-7, Лексика 317, EDT 121-122, 725-726 (with doubts).

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨp

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: fabric

Russian meaning: ткань

Khakassian: xɨp 'lining, covering'

Yakut: kɨbɨas 'шерсть оленя ранним летом'

Kirghiz: qɨpɨq 'kerchief, sash'

Bashkir: qɨptɨr 'перешитая в подборку (о шубе)'

Balkar: qɨppa 'skein, clew'

Comments: VEWT 265.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨpɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sense, invention, cleverness 2 to invent, think of

Russian meaning: 1 смысл, изобретательность, ум 2 выдумывать

Khakassian: xɨbɨ-

Oyrat: qɨbɨ-

Chuvash: xъʷbъʷl 'dexterous'

Yakut: kɨp 'dexterously'

Kirghiz: qɨbačɨ 'experienced person'

Comments: VEWT 260.

Proto-Turkic: *Körtük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 woodcock 2 turkey 3 black-cock

Russian meaning: 1 вальдшнеп 2 индюк 3 тетерев

Tatar: kürkä 2

Khakassian: kürkü, dial. kürtkü 'black-cock', kürles (Sag.) 'grouse'

Shor: kürtük 3

Oyrat: kürtük 3, kürte 1

Chuvash: kъʷrka 2

Yakut: körčöx 'young spring duck, already able to fly'

Tuva: kürtü 3

Tofalar: hü'rtü 3

Kirghiz: kürp 2

Kazakh: kürke-tawɨq 2

Bashkir: kürkä 2

Comments: VEWT 311, Федотов 1, 258.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨŕak, *Kɨŕagu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sledge

Russian meaning: сани

Turkish: kɨzak

Tatar: qɨzaw 'кузов'

Middle Turkic: qɨzaq (AH)

Uighur: quzuq 'кровать'

Azerbaidzhan: xizäk

Bashkir: quδɨ 'лукошко'

Comments: VEWT 269.

Proto-Turkic: *kirpik

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: eyelash

Russian meaning: ресница

Old Turkic: kirpik (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kirpik (MK)

Turkish: kirpik

Tatar: kerfek

Middle Turkic: kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpük (MA)

Uzbek: kiprik

Uighur: ki(r)pik

Sary-Yughur: kirmik

Azerbaidzhan: kirpik

Turkmen: kirpik

Khakassian: kǝrbǝk

Oyrat: kirbik

Halaj: kirpik

Chuvash: xъrbъx, xъrbъk, (dial.) xъrbu

Yakut: kirbäj, kirbī 'edge'

Tuva: kirbik

Kirghiz: kirpik

Kazakh: kǝrpǝk

Noghai: kirpik

Bashkir: kerpek

Gagauz: kirpik

Karaim: kirpik

Karakalpak: kirpik

Kumyk: kirpik

Comments: VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ЭСТЯ 5, 74-75, Федотов 2, 333-334, Лексика 213. Cf. also the verb *Kɨrm- / *Kɨrp- 'to wink' (ЭСТЯ 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary.