| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l/u"- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to cover 2 (door) curtain > door | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîêðûâàòü 2 (äâåðíîé) çàíàâåñ > äâåðü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?u"- 1, es?ik / es?u"k 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"is?i>k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"is?ik 2 (AH, IM), is?u"k (IM), es?ik 2 (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i:zi>k, i>zi>k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.s?u"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"algú, alúk 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"esik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"is?i>k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jes?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"esik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 256, 260, TMN 2, 183-184, Åãîðîâ 24, ÝÑÒß 1, 396-398, Ëåêñèêà 511-512, 517. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/-yl | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 green 2 yellow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çåëåíûé 2 æåëòûé | face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jes?il 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"je|s?el 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl (MA) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jas?il 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jes?il 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jahsyl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?yl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?azyl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?az?yl (R.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"d/az?yl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?yl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"s/ulz/a, s/ulz?|a, s/úvúls/ 'leaf' ( = Bashk. ja"s?elsa" 'greens, vegetables') | face="Times New Roman Star"saha-r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"haha-r- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?yl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?asyl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jasyl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?el 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?as?il 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jes?il 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jes?li 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?asyl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?il 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Derived from PT *ja:l/ 'young, green vegetables' (OUygh. jas?, MK jas?, Turkm. ja:s?, see ÝÑÒß 4, 162, EDT 975, 976, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 134, Stachowski 93). This root is often mixed with homophonous *ja:l/ 'tear' and *ja:l/ 'age, year', see ÝÑÒß 4, 161-164 (all three roots have different Altaic etymologies). Turk. > Mong. jasil 'buckthorn' (Clark 1980, 41). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*et | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"meat | face="Times New Roman Star"ìÿñî | face="Times New Roman Star"et (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"et (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"et (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"a"t | face="Times New Roman Star"jeht | face="Times New Roman Star"a"t | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"a"t ( < Az.?) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"t | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"e't | face="Times New Roman Star"e't | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"jet' | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"a"ht | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 52, EDT 33, ÝÑÒß 1, 311-312, Ëåêñèêà 455, Stachowski 48. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*eb | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"house | face="Times New Roman Star"äîì | face="Times New Roman Star"eb (Orkh.), ev (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ev (MK), o"v (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ev | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j (Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uj | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j | face="Times New Roman Star"ju" | face="Times New Roman Star"ev | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j | face="Times New Roman Star"ib | face="Times New Roman Star"em, (Kond.) u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"`v | face="Times New Roman Star"av-la-n- 'to marry' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"g | face="Times New Roman Star"o"g| | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"jev | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 34, EDT 3-4, ÝÑÒß 1, 287-288, 513-514, Åãîðîâ 21, Ëåêñèêà 500. The word for 'woman' in some languages goes back to PT *eb-c?i ("housewife"), see EDT 6; borrowed in Mong. as ebsi 'female of a big bear', see Clark 1980, 43). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e>.dn|e-r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"saddle | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåäëî |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ed|er (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"eyer | face="Times New Roman Star"ije|r | face="Times New Roman Star"e.ger | face="Times New Roman Star"egar | face="Times New Roman Star"eg@(r) | face="Times New Roman Star"ezer | face="Times New Roman Star"ja"ha"r | face="Times New Roman Star"ejer | face="Times New Roman Star"izer | face="Times New Roman Star"ezer | face="Times New Roman Star"e:r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@ner | face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r | face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r | face="Times New Roman Star"ezer | face="Times New Roman Star"e'zer (Ðàñ. ÔèË 183) | face="Times New Roman Star"e:r | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"ijer | face="Times New Roman Star"eja"r | face="Times New Roman Star"ijer | face="Times New Roman Star"je:r | face="Times New Roman Star"jer | face="Times New Roman Star"jer | face="Times New Roman Star"en|er (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 63, VEWT 36, ÝÑÒß 1, 241-242, 658-659, Ëåêñèêà 539, Stachowski 261. Reflexes of the cluster are complicated by borrowings: e.g. Tuva, Tof. is < Khak. Turk. *edn|er-c?ak 'pack saddle' > MMong. in|g|irc?aq, WMong. jan|g|irc?aq id. (TMN 2, 128-129, Ùåðáàê 1997, 164, Àíèêèí 88). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jen|gu"-l, jen|i-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"light | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåãêèé | face="Times New Roman Star"jenik, jo"n|u"l (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n|u"l (Tefs., IM), jenik 'light', jeni- 'to become light' (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"jeni, ju"nu"l, jejni | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|in|el | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|gil (Sangl.), ju"ngu"l (MKypch. - Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jenik, jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ig (<*jen|ig) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ngu"l, jejin | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ni:k (< *jen|ik) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"d/en|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jin|gil, jejin | face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|múw|l |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:k (< *jen|ik) | face="Times New Roman Star"nin|es? | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|en|il | face="Times New Roman Star"z?en|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|el | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|en|gil, z?engil, zengil | face="Times New Roman Star"jilin | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il, jen|gil, jenil | face="Times New Roman Star"z?en|il |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 948, 950, VEWT 198, ÝÑÒß 4, 188, 184, Ëåêñèêà 340. Turk. > Hung. gyenge 'weak', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*il(i)k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"front, before, East | face="Times New Roman Star"ïåðåä, âïåðåäè, âîñòîê | face="Times New Roman Star"ilki (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk | face="Times New Roman Star"i>li>k | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk (Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ilk, ilki | face="Times New Roman Star"ilki |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ilga"r | face="Times New Roman Star"@l@k | face="Times New Roman Star"il-in, il-in| (ilik 'one who is not yet...') | face="Times New Roman Star"ilin; ilik 'not yet', iligine 'before' | face="Times New Roman Star"elek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i>li>k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jilk | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 140, VEWT 170, ÝÑÒß 1, 347-350, Åãîðîâ 62-63, Stachowski 125. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to go down | face="Times New Roman Star"ñïóñêàòüñÿ, èäòè âíèç | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"in-, dial. en- | face="Times New Roman Star"in-, in|- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (MA, IM, Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"in- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.n- | face="Times New Roman Star"an- | face="Times New Roman Star"enie |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en-, dial. en|- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"in- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jin- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"in- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 43, ÝÑÒß 1, 353-354, Åãîðîâ 26. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jyp / *jip | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"thread | face="Times New Roman Star"íèòêà | face="Times New Roman Star"jyp (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyp (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ip | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ep | face="Times New Roman Star"jip (AH, Ettuhf.), ip (Pav. C., AH) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jip | face="Times New Roman Star"jip, jep | face="Times New Roman Star"ip | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"p | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@p | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ip | face="Times New Roman Star"jip, d/ip | face="Times New Roman Star"jip | face="Times New Roman Star"s/ip | face="Times New Roman Star"sip 'hook on a fishing rod', sippe 'thread' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ip | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ip |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jep | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ib, zip | face="Times New Roman Star"jip | face="Times New Roman Star"jip | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ip | face="Times New Roman Star"jip | face="Times New Roman Star"jip | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 870, VEWT 204, ÝÑÒß 4, 268-269. Cf. also the derivative *jipek id. (ÝÑÒß 4, 269-270). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ji:r- / *jy:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to split lengthwise 2 to break, tear | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàñùåïëÿòü âäîëü 2 ëîìàòü, ðàçðûâàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"je/ir- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 2 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) jir- 1 (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jir-, z?|ir- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@r- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"si:r- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ir- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yr- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?yr- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jir- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?yr- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jyr- 'to dig through' | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 198, EDT 955, ÝÑÒß 4, 203-204. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*iri- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to rot 2 pus 3 to turn sour, coagulate | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãíèòü 2 ãíîé 3 ïðîêèñàòü, ñòâîðàæèâàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"jiru"- 1 (OUygh.), irin| 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, irin| 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 3, i>ri>n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irin| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, jirin| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|irin| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irin| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 1, 3, i>ri>n 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 3, irin| 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"iren|e 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iren|e 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, irin| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, 3, irin| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 1, 3, i>ri>n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 3, i>ri>n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jirin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, 3, irin| 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 198, 233, ÝÑÒß 1, 372-374, Stachowski 128. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ek- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to decrease, be insufficient 2 common, ordinary, low class; fault, faulty | face="Times New Roman Star"1 óìåíüøàòüñÿ, áûòü íåäîñòàòî÷íûì 2 îáû÷íûé, íèçêîðîäíûé; íåäîñòàòîê, íåäîñòàòî÷íûé | face="Times New Roman Star"egsu"- 1, egil 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"egsu"- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"eksi-, eksil- 1, eksik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eksu"- 1 (Abush.), o"ksu"-, o"ksu"l- 1 (Pav. C.), o"ksu"k 2 (Abush., Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gsu"- 1 (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"skik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"egis-, egsil- 1, egsik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"iks@l- 1, j@ksek 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"ksu"- 1, o"ksu"k 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jisil- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"eksil- 1, eksik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 257-258, Åãîðîâ 77, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 199; EDT 106, 117. The Chuv. Anlaut is not quite clear (iks@l- < *j@ks@l-?; one of the cases with prothetic j-, so the openness / closedness of the vowel in PT remains unknown); Ôåäîòîâ 1, 193 derives Chuv. j@ksik from PT *jek (v. sub *l/a:\k`e\), but this is phonetically impossible. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*it- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to push, hit | face="Times New Roman Star"òîëêàòü, óäàðÿòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"it- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"i>t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"itar- | face="Times New Roman Star"ita"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"i>t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"it-, ijt- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it-, u"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i>jter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jitir- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"ijter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 38, VEWT 174, ÝÑÒß 1, 386-387, Stachowski 129, 254. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*i:r/ / *y:r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 trace 2 furrow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëåä 2 áîðîçäà, ìåæà | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1, yzan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"y:z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@r 1, júran 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1, yzan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>d| 1, yd|an 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jiz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz, yz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"hyzan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 277, ÝÑÒß 1, 383-385, 646, 647, VEWT 175, Åãîðîâ 79, 75. There exists a verbal derivative *i:r/-te- 'to follow one's tracks', attested as iste- as early as in OUygh. (see EDT 243) and in many modern languages (see ÝÑÒß 1, 383); but simultaneously there is a variant *i:r-te- (with *-r/- > -r- according to Helimski's rule), attested already in MK (see EDT 208) and in Yak., Dolg. irde:-, see Stachowski 128. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"year | face="Times New Roman Star"ãîä | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl (MA), il (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jil | face="Times New Roman Star"jil | face="Times New Roman Star"jil | face="Times New Roman Star"il | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"c?il | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl | face="Times New Roman Star"d/yl |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"syl | face="Times New Roman Star"hyl | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yl | face="Times New Roman Star"z?yl | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"z?yl | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"z?yl | face="Times New Roman Star"jel | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 200, EDT 917, ÝÑÒß 4, 275, Ëåêñèêà 70-71, Stachowski 118. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jy:l- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to creep 2 snake | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîëçàòü 2 çìåÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl- 1, jylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jyl- 1 (Vam.), jylan 2 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|il- 1, ilo|n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jilan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jyla:n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl- 1, c?ylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"d/yl- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|len 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sy:l- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl- 1, c?ylan 2, dial. c?ulan | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl- 1, c?ulan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yl- 1, z?|ylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jilyn 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 200, EDT 930-1, ÝÑÒß 4, 40-41, 277, Ëåêñèêà 180. Turk. > MMong. (MA) jilan (see Ùåðáàê 1997, 164). Mong. z?|ilu-, z?|ulu- 'roll away, move away' may be related or borrowed < Turk. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jul-dur/ (*-dyr/) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"star | face="Times New Roman Star"çâåçäà | face="Times New Roman Star"jultuz (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"julduz (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"joldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"julduz (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"julduz | face="Times New Roman Star"jultuz | face="Times New Roman Star"juldys | face="Times New Roman Star"ulduz | face="Times New Roman Star"jyldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yltys | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yltys | face="Times New Roman Star"d/yldys | face="Times New Roman Star"julduz | face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|ldúw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"sulus | face="Times New Roman Star"hulus | face="Times New Roman Star"syldys | face="Times New Roman Star"syltys | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u_ldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"juldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"jondod| | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ulduz | face="Times New Roman Star"jyldys | face="Times New Roman Star"jyldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"z?uldyz | face="Times New Roman Star"jyldus | face="Times New Roman Star"julduz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 210, TMN 3, 260-1, EDT 922-3, ÝÑÒß 4, 279-280, Ëåêñèêà 53, Stachowski 111. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jumurtka | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"egg | face="Times New Roman Star"ÿéöî | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a, jumurg|a (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurta | face="Times New Roman Star"jomyrqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtqa (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jomut | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurta | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtGa | face="Times New Roman Star"nymyrxa | face="Times New Roman Star"nybyrtqa, nuburtqa (Âåðá.) | face="Times New Roman Star"d/ymyrtqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jumurqa | face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|marda | face="Times New Roman Star"symy:t | face="Times New Roman Star"hymy:t | face="Times New Roman Star"c?uurg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"n/umurxa | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|umurtqa | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u_myrtqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jumyrtqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jomortqa | face="Times New Roman Star"zumurtqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jymyrta | face="Times New Roman Star"jymyrta, imyrtxa | face="Times New Roman Star"z?umurtqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jymu:(r)dda | face="Times New Roman Star"jymyrtqa | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 211, EDT 938, ÝÑÒß 4, 250-251, Ëåêñèêà 149, Stachowski 118. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jym-l/c?a-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"soft, mild | face="Times New Roman Star"ìÿãêèé | face="Times New Roman Star"jyms?aq (Orkh.), jums?aq (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jums?aq (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jums?ak | face="Times New Roman Star"joms?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"jums?aq (AH, Ettuhf., Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jums?o|q | face="Times New Roman Star"jums?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"jumsaq | face="Times New Roman Star"jums?aG | face="Times New Roman Star"jums?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ymz?|ax, nymzax | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ymz?a- | face="Times New Roman Star"jymz?aq, d/ymz?aq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/emz/e | face="Times New Roman Star"symna-g|as | face="Times New Roman Star"hymna-gas | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ymc?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ymz?|a- 'to become soft' | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ums?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"z?umsaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"joms?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ums?aq, z?umus?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"jymys?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"jyms?aq, jyms?ax |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"jymys?aq | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 938, VEWT 201, ÝÑÒß 4, 252-253, Stachowski 118. The deriving stem *jym-l/c?a- 'to be soft' is also present in most of the above languages. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jyk- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to crush, grind; overthrow | face="Times New Roman Star"ðàçðóøàòü, ðàçìàëûâàòü; ñâàëèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyk- | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- (MA, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jiq- | face="Times New Roman Star"jiq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jyx- | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"juq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jyq-, d/yq- | face="Times New Roman Star"juq- | face="Times New Roman Star"s/úx- (dial.) |
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|
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yq- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?yq- | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"jyq-, jyx- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?yq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jyq-, jix- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 200, EDT 897, ÝÑÒß 4, 273-274. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
