| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
|---|
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ban, prohibition 2 to punish, accuse, fine 3 tired, smashed 4 to scoff 5 guilt, flaw 6 to appoint 7 obstinate 8 to speak roughly, be in one's way, hinder 9 to be hungry, in distress | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çàïðåò 2 íàçíà÷àòü íàêàçàíèå, îáâèíÿòü, øòðàôîâàòü 3 óñòàëûé, ðàçáèòûé 4 èçäåâàòüñÿ 5 âèíà, íåäîñòàòîê 6 óñòàíàâëèâàòü, íàçíà÷àòü 7 óïðÿìûé 8 ãîâîðèòü ãðóáî, ìåøàòü, ïîäâîäèòü 9 ãîëîäàòü, èñïûòûâàòü íóæäó | face="Times New Roman Star"kesetku" 1 (OUygh., Chin.-Uygh. Voc. - R) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kes- 2, kesik 3, kesin- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kise|t- 2 |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ke|s- 2, kesir 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"sir 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kesgitle- 6, kesir 7, kes- 2 |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kas- 8, kazúl- 9 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes 'forbidden', keset- 'to punish, give a lesson' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ke'ze- 'to be punished, scared' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kes- 2, kesir 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- 2, keser 'contemptuous', 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kit|e|t- 'to warn' |
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 258. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 a k. of leash for domestic animals 2 chain, leash, noose 3 sea knot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 âèä ïðèâÿçè äëÿ äîìàøíèõ æèâîòíûõ 2 öåïü, ïðèâÿçü, ïåòëÿ 3 ìîðñêîé óçåë |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kesgu"k (MK) 'collar' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kesmik 1 |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kasmúk 2, kazak 3 |
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"keskek 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 750, ÝÑÒß 5, 59. Deriving the root from kes- 'cut' is dubious semantically. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:c? (-e) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 long time 2 late 3 be late 4 night 5 evening 6 yesterday | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äîëãî 2 ïîçäíèé 3 îïàçäûâàòü 4 íî÷ü 5 âå÷åð 6 â÷åðà | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 1, 2, kec?- 3, kec?e 4, 5 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 1, 2 (KB, MK), kec?- 3 (MK), kec?a" 4, 5 (KB, MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gec? 2, gez?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kic? 5, kic?e| 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"gec?e 4 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?a 4, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"c?a" 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?e 4 (Mal.) | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:c? 2, gi:z?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?|e: 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?ik 5 (Âåðá.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 2, 5, kec?e 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ec?a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kas/ 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiehe 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiehe 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kez?e: 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kez?|e 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 2, kec?e: 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5, kes?a" 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kis 5, kisa" 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 5, kec?e | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"z?|i 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gec?e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 245, EDT 692-3, 694-5, ÝÑÒß 3, 40-41, 50-51, Ëåêñèêà 82, Stachowski 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:(j)t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to go (away) | face="Times New Roman Star"óõîäèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ket/d|- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"git- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.t- (Abush., Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"t- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"git- |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kajt- |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gi:/i- (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 258, EDT 701, ÝÑÒß 3, 39-40, 49-50. Vowel length can be reconstructed on indirect evidence (voicing -t- > -d- in forms like Az. gedis? 'going away' etc.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to indent, notch, crack | face="Times New Roman Star"äåëàòü çàðóáêó, íàäðåç |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ked- (OKypch., AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ketu"k (n.) |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ga":t- |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ka":tu"k `indent' | face="Times New Roman Star"kat- |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ketik (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ketik (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ketik (n.) |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 259, ÝÑÒß 3, 30-31, 5, 65-66, EDT 700-701. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gebde | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"upper part of body | face="Times New Roman Star"âåðõíÿÿ ÷àñòü òåëà | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vdo"n| (OUygh.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"vde | face="Times New Roman Star"ge|wde| (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gavda |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"vda" | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vde, go"vre |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"xevte, x@vtu" 'power' |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko":do", ko":do"n | face="Times New Roman Star"kewde | face="Times New Roman Star"kewde |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"vde | face="Times New Roman Star"gewde, kewde |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 688, VEWT 259, ÝÑÒß 3, 52-53, Åãîðîâ 297, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 339-340, Äûáî 5, Ëåêñèêà 267. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ke.bi-l/c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 a gift of food to someone who comes to stack the crop after the fields are clear 2 harvest tax in favour of the poor or the clergy 3 debt | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïèùåâîé ïîäàðîê òîìó, êòî ïðèõîäèò ñêëàäûâàòü õëåá â ñêèðäû ïîñëå òîãî, êàê ïîëÿ óáðàíû 2 îò÷èñëåíèå ñ óðîæàÿ â ïîëüçó áåäíûõ èëè äóõîâåíñòâà 3 äîëã |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kevs?en| (MK; spelled kfsn|) 1 |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kapsan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"psa"n 2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kivz/en 3 |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kepsen, kesmen 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kewsen 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"Ìóäðàê Äèññ.. 89, EDT 585, 691, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 290-291. Turk. > Pers. kafsan 'harvest tax for the clergy and administration'; most modern forms may in fact have been borrowed back < Pers., but the Chuv. form can hardly be separated from the one attested in MK. The theory of its being borrowed from Mong. ko"lu"su"n (see Ro/na-Tas 1988) can be hardly justified. However, Hung. ko"lczo"n, indeed, has most probably a Mong. source and is not related to the words above. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ger/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 notch of an arrow 2 aim (of a gun) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàñå÷êà íà ñòðåëå 2 ïðèöåë (ðóæüÿ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kez (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gez 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kez 'arrow shaft' (Abush., Pav. C.) |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ga"z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gezlik 'small knife' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kes 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kez 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kid|e (dial.) 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ke:z 2 |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 756, 760, VEWT 260, ÝÑÒß 5, 20-21, TMN 4, 2-4. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*KEr/i- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"fever, contagious disease | face="Times New Roman Star"ëèõîðàäêà, çàðàçíàÿ áîëåçíü | face="Times New Roman Star"kezik (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kezig (KB, MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gezik 'a rodent ulcer' (EDT), kezek 'gangrene' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kezek 'a rodent ulcer' (Abush.), Kypch. keziv 'pestilence' (CCum.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kezik 'typhus' |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kiz@m |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kezim, kezu" |
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kezik 'long uncurable disease' | face="Times New Roman Star"kezik 'fever' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kid|ew 'pestilence' |
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"gezik 'a cold in the head' |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 758-759, VEWT 260 (derivation from kez- 'walk' is highly dubious). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"eyelash | face="Times New Roman Star"ðåñíèöà | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerfek | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpu"k (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kiprik | face="Times New Roman Star"ki(r)pik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirmik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rb@k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"xúrbúx, xúrbúk, (dial.) xúrbu | face="Times New Roman Star"kirba"j, kirbi: 'edge' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rp@k | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerpek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ÝÑÒß 5, 74-75, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 333-334, Ëåêñèêà 213. Cf. also the verb *Kyrm- / *Kyrp- 'to wink' (ÝÑÒß 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kic?u"k /-g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"small, little | face="Times New Roman Star"ìàëåíüêèé | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?ig (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?u"g (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"k, kic?i (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?e | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?ik (IM, AH, Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?ik | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?ik | face="Times New Roman Star"kyc?ig| | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?ik | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?i | face="Times New Roman Star"k@c?@g |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kic?u" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@z/@n | face="Times New Roman Star"kuc?c?uguj | face="Times New Roman Star"kuc?c?uguj, ku"c?c?u"gu"j |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kic?u": | face="Times New Roman Star"k@s?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?kej | face="Times New Roman Star"kese | face="Times New Roman Star"gic?c?e | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"k, ku"z?|u"k | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?kena" | face="Times New Roman Star"k@s?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?|i |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 269, EDT 696, ÝÑÒß 5, 75-77, Stachowski 159, 163. On Turk. > Hung. kis 'small' see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ged- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to put on | face="Times New Roman Star"íàäåâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ked- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ked|- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kej- (AH, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kej-, kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gej- | face="Times New Roman Star"gej- | face="Times New Roman Star"kis- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"d- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki>j- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki>j- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gi:- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"gij- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 700, VEWT 246, ÝÑÒß 3, 12-13, Ëåêñèêà 472-473, Stachowski 146. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kidir/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"felt | face="Times New Roman Star"âîéëîê | face="Times New Roman Star"kidiz (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kid|iz (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz, kejiz (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kijez | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz (IM, Abush., Qutb., Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kigiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kigiz |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ki:z | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijis |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kidis |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kejed| | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz, kijgiz (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 270, TMN 3, 661-662, ÝÑÒß 5, 66-67, Ëåêñèêà 392. Turk. > MMong. kijiz (Ùåðáàê 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kem, *Ka- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 who 2 which | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êòî 2 êàêîé | face="Times New Roman Star"kem (OT, OUygh.) 1, qaju (OT, OUygh.), qanu (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem?kim (MK, KB) qaju (MK, KB) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim (Abush., IM) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim, kem (dial.) 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kym 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, xaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, kaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qym 1, qajy 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qum 1, qai 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kym 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"m 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 720-721, ÝÑÒß 5, 67-68, 191-192, Stachowski 134, 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:n, *ki:n-du"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 navel, navelstring, centre 2 navel of a musk-deer, musk | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïóïîê, ïóïîâèíà, öåíòð 2 ìóñêóñíàÿ æåëåçà, ìóñêóñ | face="Times New Roman Star"kin 'óòðîáà, vagina; ìóñêóñ', kindik 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kin (KB), ku"n (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, ku"nu"k (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (MA, Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, kindak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 (ßÆÓ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@n 1, k@nd@k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, kin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@nd@k (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:n 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2, xindik 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, 'belly' | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kinz?|ix, kintix 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 725, 729, ÝÑÒß 5, 68-69, Ëåêñèêà 279-280. Turk. > Mong. kindik (Ùåðáàê 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kir | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"dirt | face="Times New Roman Star"ãðÿçü | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"ker | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (Houts., Pav. C, AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"k@r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir@k 'dirt on body, dandruff' | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"xir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"ker |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 735, VEWT 271, ÝÑÒß 5, 69-70, Stachowski 148. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to enter | face="Times New Roman Star"âõîäèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 735-736, ÝÑÒß 3, 47-48, Stachowski 149. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"sable | face="Times New Roman Star"ñîáîëü | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (Orkh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MK, KB) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kes? | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MA, Pav. C., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
|
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"kis | face="Times New Roman Star"kis, kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? |
|
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, TMN 3, 664-665, EDT 752, Ùåðáàê 1961, 143, ÝÑÒß 5, 77-78, Ëåêñèêà 162-163, Stachowski 149 (one of the Turk.-Samoyed. contact words; because of the Tungus parallel, probably Turk. > Samoyed., despite Helimski 1995). The Chuvash form reveals irregular vocalism and may in fact reflect a merger with PT *Ku"l/u"l 'rat, mole' (v. sub *k`e>\l/u/). Turk. > Mong. er-kis 'male sable', ebsi-gis 'female sable' (see Clark 1980, 43). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kil/i | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"person, people | face="Times New Roman Star"÷åëîâåê, ëþäè | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"k@z@ | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"kihi | face="Times New Roman Star"kihi | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 752-753, ÝÑÒß 5, 78-79, Ëåêñèêà 325, Stachowski 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"p- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to swell 2 foam | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàáóõàòü 2 ïåíà | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pik, ko"pu"k (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"r- (MK) 1, ko"pu"k (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"p- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- (Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.p- (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|búw|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bu"j- 'pop up, float on the surface' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'vu"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'pu"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"b@k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"p- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 |
|
|
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"p- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 689, 691, VEWT 291, ÝÑÒß 5, 108-111, Stachowski 154. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
