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face="Times New Roman Star"*o"rt | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 flame 2 to burn (tr.) 3 steppe fire 4 to get burnt | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïëàìÿ 2 æå÷ü 3 ñòåïíîé ïîæàð 4 îáãîðàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt 1, 3 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt 1, 3 (MK) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rt 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt 1, 3 (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"rte- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt 3, o"rte- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"virt 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"rtet- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"'rt 'wood fire' | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 375, EDT 201, 208-9, ÝÑÒß 1, 550-551, Ëåêñèêà 357-358. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ba:r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 there is, there are 2 existence, goods 3 all | face="Times New Roman Star"1 åñòü, èìååòñÿ 2 âåñü, âñå | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.), barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, barc?a 3 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"var 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3, barc?a 3, barsy 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3, barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bo|r 1, 2, bo|ric?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba(r) 1, 2, 3, baric?a" 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"par 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"var 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r 1, 3; barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"par 1, 2, parc?an 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"va:r 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"por 1, 'any', 3, 'rich', por@s? 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r 1, 2, bar(y) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r 1, 2, bar(y) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, bary 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 'rich', barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 'rich', bary 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 'rich', bary 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"var 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3, barca, barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, bars?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r, par, va:r 1, bar, par 'rich' (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 3, 'rich', bary 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 62, EDT 353, 356-7, ÝÑÒß 2, 61-63, Ëåêñèêà 326-327, 332-333, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 444-445, Stachowski 52, 53, 56. Syntactically it is an abstract noun frequently acting as a predicate. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*gejik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 wild animal 2 bird 3 roe | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äèêîå æèâîòíîå 2 ïòèöà 3 ëàíü | face="Times New Roman Star"kejik 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kejik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gejik 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kejik 1 (Áîð. Áàä.), kijik (MA, Abush.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijik 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kejik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:k 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kajúk 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kijik 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kijyx 'wild goat' (ÑÑß) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 247, EDT 755, ÝÑÒß 5, 21-23, Ëåêñèêà 151-152. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ic?ig (/*c?yc?yg) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 breast (fem.) 2 female sheep 3 sheep tail 4 roasted sheep tail 5 roasted fat | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü (æåíñêàÿ) 2 îâöåìàòêà 3 êóðäþê 4 æàðåíûé êóðäþê 5 æàðåíûé æèð |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?yz?yq (R, Áóä. - Kas.), c?yz|yq (R - Tob.) 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ic?ig| 2, 3 (R - Vam.), c?yc?yg|, c?yc?yq 4 (R - Zenker) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?@z?|@ 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 110. An onomatopaeic root, attested late - but possibly archaic because of the external evidence. The assumed semantic development in Chag. and Tat. is 'udder' > 'roasted udder' > 'fat roasted piece of meat'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*dum | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 cold 2 cold, flu | face="Times New Roman Star"1 õîëîäíûé 2 ïðîñòóäà | face="Times New Roman Star"tumlyg| 1 (OUygh.), tumag|u 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tum, tumlyg| 1 (MK), tumag|u (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dumag|, duma 2, (Osm.) tumlu 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomaw 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumaq 2 (MA) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tumu 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"du"mev 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tymo 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tymny: 1, tumu: 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tymny: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"duma: 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuma: 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 498, EDT 503, 505, 506, ÝÑÒß 3, 326, Ëåêñèêà 14-15, Stachowski 238. Turk. > WMong. tomug|u, Khalkha tomu: 'influenza'. A probable derivative is Turk. *duman 'fog' (ÝÑÒß 3, 295-296, Ëåêñèêà 33, Stachowski 230), see TMN 2, 568. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ebir- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to twist, turn 2 round | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðóòèòü, ïîâîðà÷èâàòü 2 êðóãëûé |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?evu"r- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ewu"r- 1 (Sangl.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"bir- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"vu"r- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s/avar-/s/ar- 1, s/avra 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sebirij- 'to uncoil (of a twisted rope)' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"jir- 'to twiddle a whirligig' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to tuck', c?u"jre 'contrariwise' | face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1, c?evra" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ñivir-, c?evir- 1, civre 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to wrap' | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 398, Åãîðîâ 201-201, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 80. Despite VEWT, there are no reasons to regard the Chuv. word as a borrowing. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.jyr | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 salt steppe 2 sandbank 3 gravel 4 sand | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîëîí÷àê 2 ïåñ÷àíûé áåðåã 3 ãðàâèé 4 ïåñîê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 1, 4 (MK Oghuz) | face="Times New Roman Star"kajyr 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) qajyr (Houts. 94, AH 74) | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qe|jir 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Gajyr 3, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xújúr 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"xajyr ta:s 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xajyr 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 221-222, EDT 678, ÝÑÒß 5, 206, 217, Ëåêñèêà 97. Turk. > WMong. qajir, Kalm. xa":r (KW 180). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to dig 2 to tear, rip open 3 to row 4 to swim 5 to throw away | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîïàòü 2 ðâàòü 3 ãðåñòè 4 ïëàâàòü 5 âûêèäûâàòü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"is?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 1 (Abush.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ijs?-gek `oar' | face="Times New Roman Star"is- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ha"s?u"- | face="Times New Roman Star"alt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"es-, is- 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?ti- 4, es?- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"es?-, e'hit- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 51, EDT 255-6, ÝÑÒß 1, 315-316, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 95. Chuv. is?- 'to row; to swim; to demolish, tear' is evidently borrowed from Tat. (as opposed to the genuine al-t- ). Khal. h- is unclear here (external evidence clearly points to *0-). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*si:l/ / *sy:l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 tooth 2 sharp stick | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çóá 2 âåðòåë, îñòðûé êîëûøåê | face="Times New Roman Star"sys? 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"sys? 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?es? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sys? 2 (Sangl.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s@s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ys? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s?úl 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"is 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s?es? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?is? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s?ys? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"is 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?is? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 424, TMN 3, 324, EDT 856-7. Turk. > Kalm. c?is?, s?is? (KW 442). An interesting common Turkic derivative is *si:l/-le > *si:le 'ñóäàê' (fish name), as "fish with teeth" (Turkm. si:le, Chuv. s?úla etc., see ÝÑÒß 7; Turk. > Hung. su"llo?, see MNyTESz 3, 628): such derivation may be postulated on analogy with KKalp. ti>sli, Uzb. tis?li (balyq) 'ñóäàê', lit. 'fish with teeth'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to step 2 to walk 3 step (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 øàãàòü 2 õîäèòü 3 øàã |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"adym 3, adym at-, Osm. ad- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"atla- 1, adym 3, aty 'step' | face="Times New Roman Star"adym (Pav. C.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"o|dim, dial. adym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"atli- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"adym at- 1, adym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. a:t-, a":t-, a":t-le- 1, a":dim, dial. a:dym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"alta- 1, atyx- 'to jump' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"alta- 1 (< atla-) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"odúm 3, ot- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"atylla:- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"atylla:- 'to jump, hop' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"atta- 1, adym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"atla- 1, adym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"atla- 1, adym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"atla- 1, ad|ym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"atla- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"adym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"atla- 1, adym 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"a'tla- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 31, ÝÑÒß 1, 88-89, 322, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 293-294, Stachowski 39. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ky:r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 girl 2 woman | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äåâóøêà 2 æåíùèíà | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qiz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qiz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qys 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gy:z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xys 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qys 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qys 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"x@r 1, x@r-(arúm) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ky:s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ky:s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qys 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qys 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyd| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 269, TMN 3, 569-70, EDT 679-80, Ëåêñèêà 295, 318, ÝÑÒß 6, 190-191, Stachowski 172. For PT one should reconstruct variants *ky:r//*ky:r (they are reflected in several derivatives, e.g. *Ky:r-kyn, see Ëåêñèêà 317-318, ÝÑÒß 6, 237, *Kyr-nak, see TMN 3, 456, ÝÑÒß 6, 240). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*(o)-l/ |
| face="Times New Roman Star"here, this (deictic particle) | face="Times New Roman Star"âîò, ýòî (äåéêòè÷åñêàÿ ÷àñòèöà) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s?u | face="Times New Roman Star"s?u-l |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s/a- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"so-l | face="Times New Roman Star"so-l | face="Times New Roman Star"s?u-l |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"so-l |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 366, EDT 254-5. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to rise, raise | face="Times New Roman Star"ïîäíèìàòü(ñÿ) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"te|r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- (Abush., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.tar- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ter- (ßÆÓ) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"d@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ketu"r-, ketir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t-; ko"to"r 'bird' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 'to fly; run' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"to"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 706, ÝÑÒß 3, 86-88, Stachowski 158. Cf. also Karakh. ko"tki 'hill', ko"tu" 'the roof of a house' (MK, EDT 701). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*tum- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 hat, cap 2 snout 3 beak 4 nose | face="Times New Roman Star"1 øàïêà 2 ìîðäà 3 êëþâ 4 íîñ | face="Times New Roman Star"tomag|a 1 (OUygh. - XIV ), tums?uq 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tums?uq 3 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"toms?uk 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumaq 1 (ÊÑÒÒ), toms?yq 3, (ÊÑÒÒ) 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumaq 1 (Pav. C.), tums?uq (MA, Abush.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumo|q 1, tums?uq 2, 3, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumaq 1, tums?uq 2, 3, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tymsyq 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tums?uq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumzux 2, 3, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tunc?uq 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tubaq 1 (Leb.), tumc?uq 2, 3, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tumus 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumus 'cape' | face="Times New Roman Star"dumc?uq 3, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tun'c?uq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumaq 1, tums?uq 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tymaq 1, tumsyq 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tumsyq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toms?oq 2, 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tumaq 1, tumsyq 2, 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 499, TMN 2, 642, EDT 509-10, Ëåêñèêà 216, 483, Radloff 3, 1518, Stachowski 230. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo:r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 chalk 2 earth 3 clay | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìåë 2 çåìëÿ 3 ãëèíà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bor 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bur 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bor 1 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo.r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bo(r) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dial. bo:r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"por 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"purú, por 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"buor 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"buor 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"por 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bor 'ñîëîíöû' | face="Times New Roman Star"bor 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bor 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bor 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bur 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bor 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bor, por 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bor 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 80, ÝÑÒß 2, 192-193, Ëåêñèêà 100, 376, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 444, Stachowski 66-67. Turk. > Kalm. bor@, Bur. bor. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*go":k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 blue 2 green ("macro-blue" according to Wierzbicka) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñèíèé 2 çåëåíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MK, KB), 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go":k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|vak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"x 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gux 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, TMN 3, 640-642, EDT 708-9, ÝÑÒß 3, 66-68, Ëåêñèêà 60, 604, Stachowski 165. In most languages the root also means 'sky'. Turk. > Hung. ke/k 'blue', see Gombocz 1912. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*tepo" (-u") | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hill, top; top of head | face="Times New Roman Star"õîëì, âåðøèíà | face="Times New Roman Star"to"pu" | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe (Tefs.), to"pu" (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe, dial. depe | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"be| | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe, to"pe (MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tepa | face="Times New Roman Star"to"pa" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ta"pa" | face="Times New Roman Star"depe |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"b@, to"be (NW) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" | face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" | face="Times New Roman Star"t`ej |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"be| | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe | face="Times New Roman Star"tebe | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 494, 505, TMN 2, 450-452, EDT 436, ÝÑÒß 3, 197-199, Ëåêñèêà 201, Stachowski 227. The original meaning was probably 'crest, top of head': cf. Kirgh. tu"po"k 'áóí÷óê', Chuv. t@w|bek 'crest, top of head'. Forms with d- in Oghuz may be a trace of a different root (see below); but Kirgh. do"bo" and Uygh. do"wa" are most probably < Mong. do"be. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*topyk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 knee cap 2 knee 3 ankle-bone | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëåííàÿ ÷àøå÷êà 2 êîëåíî 3 ëîäûæêà | face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (MK), 1 (KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"topuk 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) topuq (Houts., AH) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"to.piq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"to:q 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuG 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomyx 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3 |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dowuq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to'puq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489, EDT 437-8, Ëåêñèêà 286, Stachowski 224. Both Ra"sa"nen and Clauson derive this word from PT *top 'pellet, round thing', but this is not likely because of external evidence. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)aja | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 rock 2 mountain 3 slope | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñêàëà 2 ãîðà 3 ñêëîí | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (Houts., AH, Ettuhf., Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|je| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qija 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gaja 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Ga:ja, Gaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1, qyja 3 ('oblique slope' - through contamination with *kyj- 'oblique') |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyja 1 |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 221, TMN 3, 565, EDT 674-5, ÝÑÒß 5, 198-199, Ëåêñèêà 96, Stachowski 133. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*an/ak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 pot, cup 2 hole; mouth 3(river) mouth | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîñóä, ÷àøêà 2 îòâåðñòèå; ðîò 3 óñòüå (ðåêè) | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ajak 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|jo|q 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajak 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ajax 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"an/a, an/ak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ajaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 11, ÝÑÒß 1, 105, TMN 2, 171-2, EDT 270, Stachowski 34. Turk. > Mongor ajaG 'paquet' (SM 16), ZM ajo|:q (14-2a); > Russ. Siber. aja/k (Àíèêèí 104). |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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