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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*jan|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 echo 2 sound, resound 3 to sound, pronounceface="Times New Roman Star"1 ýõî 2 ïîäðàæàíèå çâóêàì, çâó÷àíèå 3 çâó÷àòüface="Times New Roman Star"jan|qu 1 (OUygh.), jan|ra- (Orkh.) 3face="Times New Roman Star"jan|qu 1, jan|ra- 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"janky 1face="Times New Roman Star"jan|g|yra- 3face="Times New Roman Star"jan|qu 1 (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"jan|gra- 3


face="Times New Roman Star"jan| 2, jan|ra- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"d/an|u 1, d/an|yr- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"san|a 2face="Times New Roman Star"han|a 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?an|g|y 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|an|yr- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"jan|yra- 3face="Times New Roman Star"jan|g|yra- 3


face="Times New Roman Star"z?an|g|yr- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"jang|yr- 3face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 949, 952, ÝÑÒß 4, 119, 122, 124, Stachowski 96. Turk. > WMong. jan| 'melody' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 164).
face="Times New Roman Star"*japur-gakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"leafface="Times New Roman Star"ëèñòface="Times New Roman Star"japyrg|aq (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"japurg|aq (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"japrakface="Times New Roman Star"jafraqface="Times New Roman Star"japyrg|an (Abush.), j[a]praq (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"japro|qface="Times New Roman Star"jopurmaq
face="Times New Roman Star"jarpaGface="Times New Roman Star"japraq

face="Times New Roman Star"d/albyraq

face="Times New Roman Star"sebirdexface="Times New Roman Star"hebirdekface="Times New Roman Star"c?o"vu"ree 'bark'face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"'pra"a" 'bark'face="Times New Roman Star"z?|albyraqface="Times New Roman Star"z?apyraqface="Times New Roman Star"japyraqface="Times New Roman Star"japraqface="Times New Roman Star"c?apraqface="Times New Roman Star"japraqface="Times New Roman Star"japraxface="Times New Roman Star"z?apyraqface="Times New Roman Star"ja"rfyx|face="Times New Roman Star"japraqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 188, EDT 879-80, ÝÑÒß 4, 130-132, Ëåêñèêà 111-112, Stachowski 100. Clauson derives *japur-gak from *japur- 'to smoothe, level', which is an obvious contamination - just as the contamination with *jalpy- 'flat' (v. sub *de>\lp`a\) in some languages.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sideface="Times New Roman Star"ñòîðîíà


face="Times New Roman Star"jaq, z?|aqface="Times New Roman Star"jaq (R), jaq (LOQ)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|qface="Times New Roman Star"jaqface="Times New Roman Star"jaq
face="Times New Roman Star"ja:q (dial.)








face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aqface="Times New Roman Star"z?aqface="Times New Roman Star"jaqface="Times New Roman Star"jaq


face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 180, ÝÑÒß 4, 82.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jak-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (tr.) 2 light, ray 3 to produce fireface="Times New Roman Star"1 æå÷ü 2 ñâåò, ëó÷ 3 âûñåêàòü îãîíü
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jak- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jag|- 1, jaqty 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|q- 1, jo|g|du 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jax- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jag|ty 2


face="Times New Roman Star"ja:q- 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/ot- 1, s/o-dú 2face="Times New Roman Star"saq- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'q- 3face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jaqty 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1, z?aqty 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 180, TMN 4, 201-202, EDT 897, ÝÑÒß 4, 62, 81-82, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 146, Ëåêñèêà 362. This stem should be distinguished from *jan- 'to burn (intr.)'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAk-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to come near 2 near 3 to come near to each other, pass 3 goodface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðèáëèæàòüñÿ 2 áëèçêèé 3 ïðèáëèæàòüñÿ, ïîäõîäèòü 4 õîðîøèéface="Times New Roman Star"jaq- (OUygh.) 1, jaqyn (OUygh.) 2, jaqys?- (OUygh.) 3face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- (MK, KB) 1, jaqyn (MK) 2, jaqys?- (MK) 3, jax|s?y (MK) 4face="Times New Roman Star"jakyn 2, jakys?- 3, jaks?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaxs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn (MA) 2, jax|s?y 4 (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"jaqin 2, jaxs?i 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jeqin 2, jaqs?i 4face="Times New Roman Star"jahGyn 2, jaxs?(i) 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaxyn 2, jaxs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jaqy:n 2, jaGs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|yn 2, c?axsy 4





face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|y: 'close to'face="Times New Roman Star"c?y'xa- 'to press to'face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aqyn 2, z?|aqs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"z?aqyn 2, z?aqsy 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaxs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaqs?y 4
face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaqys?- 3face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaqs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"z?aqyn 2, z?aqsy 4face="Times New Roman Star"jax|yn 2, jax|s?y 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 178, 180, EDT 896-9, 901, 904, 908-9, ÝÑÒß 4, 63-64, 81, 84, TMN 4, 179.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jara-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to be beneficial, useful, successfulface="Times New Roman Star"ãîäèòüñÿ, áûòü ãîäíûì, ïîëåçíûìface="Times New Roman Star"jara- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jara- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara- (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"c?ara-face="Times New Roman Star"c?ara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-, d/ara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"s/oras/- 'to reconcile'



face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ara-face="Times New Roman Star"z?ara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"zaras-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"z?ara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"jara-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 956, VEWT 189, ÝÑÒß 4, 137-139, TMN 4, 56-57, 144, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 141. Turk. caus. *jarat- > Hung. gya/rt- 'to produce' (Gombocz 1912).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jaraface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"woundface="Times New Roman Star"ðàíà

face="Times New Roman Star"jaraface="Times New Roman Star"jaraface="Times New Roman Star"jara (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"jaraface="Times New Roman Star"jara
face="Times New Roman Star"jaraface="Times New Roman Star"jara


face="Times New Roman Star"ja:ra




face="Times New Roman Star"z?|araface="Times New Roman Star"z?araface="Times New Roman Star"jara
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ara, z?ara, zaraface="Times New Roman Star"jara
face="Times New Roman Star"z?ara
face="Times New Roman Star"jaraface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 189, ÝÑÒß 4, 139-140. Turk. > WMong. jara, Kalm. jar@ (KW 215, Ùåðáàê 1997, 123, TMN 4, 54-55). Usually regarded as derived from *ja:r- 'split' (q. v. sub *p`i_a:/rV), which may be possible if Khalaj length is original; however, shortness in Turkm. jara, as well as the probable connection with Mong. *sirka 'wound' is contradicting it.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jar- / *jer-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"batface="Times New Roman Star"ëåòó÷àÿ ìûøü
face="Times New Roman Star"jersgu", jerise (MK Chigil)face="Times New Roman Star"jarasa, jarasykface="Times New Roman Star"jar-qanatface="Times New Roman Star"jarasa (AH), jar-qanat (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|r-qano|t

face="Times New Roman Star"jarasaface="Times New Roman Star"jarasa (dial.), jarg|a:natface="Times New Roman Star"c?ar-xanat
face="Times New Roman Star"jar-g|anat, d/ar-g|anat
face="Times New Roman Star"s/ara-s/erz/iface="Times New Roman Star"sary: kynat
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'sqy
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ar-g|anatface="Times New Roman Star"z?ar-qanatface="Times New Roman Star"jar-g|anatface="Times New Roman Star"jar-g|anat
face="Times New Roman Star"jarasaface="Times New Roman Star"jeri qanatyface="Times New Roman Star"z?ar-g|anatface="Times New Roman Star"jeresenface="Times New Roman Star"jar-qanatface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 972, VEWT 189, TMN 4, 143, ÝÑÒß 4, 140-141, Ëåêñèêà 168. The word is etymologically difficult because of the unclear suffix *-sa / *-se attested in early forms and some of the modern reflexes. In most modern languages the word is folk-etymologically rebuilt as *jary-Kiajnat 'film-wing' (or 'naked sparrow' in Chuv.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jarkakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"skin (tanned, without hair)face="Times New Roman Star"øêóðà (äóáëåíàÿ, áåç âîëîñ)


face="Times New Roman Star"jarg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"jarg|aq (Pav. C., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"z?|o|rg|aq (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ja(r)g|aq

face="Times New Roman Star"jarg|aq

face="Times New Roman Star"jarg|aq, d/arg|aq
face="Times New Roman Star"s/org|ax 'film, membrane'

face="Times New Roman Star"c?arg|as? 'hairless (skin); placenta'
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|arg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"z?arg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"jarg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"jarg|aq


face="Times New Roman Star"z?arg|aq
face="Times New Roman Star"jarg|aq (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 190, ÝÑÒß 4, 141-142, Ëåêñèêà 385, Àøì. XII, 277-278, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 145-146. Turk. > WMong. z?|arg|ag|, Kalm. zarg|@g (KW 467).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jar-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to shine 2 to dawn 3 light 4 candleface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñâåòèòü 2 ðàññâåòàòü 3 ñâåò 4 ñâå÷àface="Times New Roman Star"jaru- 1, jaruq 3 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jaru- 1, jaruq 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jaryk 3 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq 3 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"jary- (AH), jaru- (Abush.) 1, jaruq 3 (Áîð. Áàä., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|ri- 1, jo|rug| 3face="Times New Roman Star"joru- 1, joruq 3

face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq 3 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?ary- 1, c?aryx 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?ar-, c?ary- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jar-, d/ary- 1, d/aryq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"s/or-da 4face="Times New Roman Star"sara:- 2 (but also syrda:-)face="Times New Roman Star"hyrda:- 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?yry- 1, c?aryq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ar-, z?|ary- 1, z?|aryq 3face="Times New Roman Star"z?aryq 3face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq 3face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq 3 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aryq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"jary- 1, jaryq, jaryx 3face="Times New Roman Star"z?aryq 3face="Times New Roman Star"jarux 3face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq 3face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 956, 962, 963, ÝÑÒß 4, 134-135, VEWT 189 (there are hardly reasons to consider the Chuv. word a borrowing), Ôåäîòîâ 2, 145, Stachowski 119. Turk. (Bulg.?) > Hung. gyertya 'candle', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAr-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 thin, lean 2 poor 3 flatface="Times New Roman Star"1 òîíêèé, òîùèé 2 áåäíûé 3 ïëîñêèéface="Times New Roman Star"jarlyg| 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jarlyg| 2 (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"jarly 2face="Times New Roman Star"jarlyg| 2 (R., Áóä.)



face="Times New Roman Star"jarly 2 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"jartyc?aq 3



face="Times New Roman Star"c?aryg|-da- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aro: 1, z?|ardy, z?|arly, z?|aryly 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?ara- 1, z?ar(y)ly 2face="Times New Roman Star"jarly- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jarly 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?arly, zarly 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jarly 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?arly 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jarly 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 967, VEWT 189, 190, ÝÑÒß 4, 143, Ëåêñèêà 334-335. The most widely spread form, attested since Old Uyghur, is *jar-ly(g) 'poor'; the evidence of Oyr., Tuva, Kirgh. and Kaz., however, suggests the existence of a primary stem *jar(y)- 'thin, lean'. Turk. > Hung. gyarlo/ 'sinful' (< *jarlyg|), see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"age; yearface="Times New Roman Star"âîçðàñò; ãîäface="Times New Roman Star"jas? (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (Ettuhf., AH)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|s?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jasface="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?face="Times New Roman Star"c?asface="Times New Roman Star"c?as?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, d/as?face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?face="Times New Roman Star"s/olface="Times New Roman Star"sa:s


face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?face="Times New Roman Star"z?asface="Times New Roman Star"jasface="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"z?asface="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 975-6, ÝÑÒß 4, 161-163, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 130, TMN 4, 97, Ëåêñèêà 84.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fresh, rawface="Times New Roman Star"ñâåæèé, ñûðîéface="Times New Roman Star"jas? (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jas?
face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (AH, Ettuhf.)


face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?face="Times New Roman Star"c?as
face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, d/as?



face="Times New Roman Star"c?as?
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?face="Times New Roman Star"z?asface="Times New Roman Star"jasface="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?, z?as?, zas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?


face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 161-163, EDT 975-976, VEWT 192 (one of several *ja:l/ roots). Within Turkic interacts actively (in fact almost completely merges with *ja:l/ 'green' and *ja:l/ 'young' - but all three roots, and, additionally, *ja:l/ 'tear' and *ja:l/ 'age' - seem to have different Altaic origins.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tearface="Times New Roman Star"ñëåçàface="Times New Roman Star"jas? (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"je|s?face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (AH, Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|s?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jasface="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?face="Times New Roman Star"c?as
face="Times New Roman Star"d/as?face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?face="Times New Roman Star"kos/-s/ol

face="Times New Roman Star"c?as?
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?face="Times New Roman Star"z?asface="Times New Roman Star"jasface="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?

face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"z?asface="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 192, EDT 975-976, Àøì. VII, 32, ÝÑÒß 4, 161-163 (because of external evidence should be distinguished both from *ja:l' 'age' and *ja:l' 'fresh, green').
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"youngface="Times New Roman Star"ìîëîäîé

face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"je|s?face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|s?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas
face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?face="Times New Roman Star"c?as
face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, d/as?



face="Times New Roman Star"c?as?face="Times New Roman Star"c?es?face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?face="Times New Roman Star"z?asface="Times New Roman Star"jas
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?, z?as?, zas?
face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, jes?face="Times New Roman Star"z?asface="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"jas?face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 162, VEWT 192 (one of several *ja:l/ roots; within Turkic hardly distinguishable from *ja:l/ 'green vegetables; green', but historically different).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAsa-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to determine, govern 2 to createface="Times New Roman Star"1 îïðåäåëÿòü, óïðàâëÿòü 2 ñîçäàâàòü

face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 1 (Ettuhf., Pav. C., Abush.) 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?aza- 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?aza- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaza-, d/aza- 1, 2



face="Times New Roman Star"c?aza- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|asa- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?asa- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaha- 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?asa- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jasa- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 191, ÝÑÒß 4, 150-152. The verb has been also read in the Ku"l-Tegin inscription (8th c.), but Clauson (EDT 974) contests the reading. Turk. > Mong. z?|asa- id. (KW 468), whence Evk. z?|asa- etc., see Doerfer MT 61; TMN 4, 92-96, EDT and Ùåðáàê 1997, 204, however, regard the Turkic forms as Mongolisms).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/-ylface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 green 2 yellowface="Times New Roman Star"1 çåëåíûé 2 æåëòûéface="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl (Orkh., OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl (MK, KB) 1face="Times New Roman Star"jes?il 1face="Times New Roman Star"je|s?el 1face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl (MA) 1face="Times New Roman Star"jas?il 1face="Times New Roman Star"jes?il 1face="Times New Roman Star"jahsyl 1face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?yl 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?azyl 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?az?yl (R.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"d/az?yl 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s?yl 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/ulz/a, s/ulz?|a, s/úvúls/ 'leaf' ( = Bashk. ja"s?elsa" 'greens, vegetables')face="Times New Roman Star"saha-r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"haha-r- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?yl 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?asyl 1face="Times New Roman Star"jasyl 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?el 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?as?il 1face="Times New Roman Star"jes?il 1face="Times New Roman Star"jes?li 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?asyl 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?il 1face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl 1face="Times New Roman Star"Derived from PT *ja:l/ 'young, green vegetables' (OUygh. jas?, MK jas?, Turkm. ja:s?, see ÝÑÒß 4, 162, EDT 975, 976, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 134, Stachowski 93). This root is often mixed with homophonous *ja:l/ 'tear' and *ja:l/ 'age, year', see ÝÑÒß 4, 161-164 (all three roots have different Altaic etymologies). Turk. > Mong. jasil 'buckthorn' (Clark 1980, 41).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.l/(c?)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to blaze, flame 2 lightningface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñâåðêàòü, ñèÿòü 2 ìîëíèÿface="Times New Roman Star"jas?u- 1, jas?yn 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jas?u- 1, jas?yn 2 (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"je|s?en 2face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yn 2 (AH), jas?yq 'sun' (R.)face="Times New Roman Star"jas?in 2



face="Times New Roman Star"c?azyn 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?az?yn 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaz?yn, d/a:z?yn 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s/is/- 1, s/iz/@m 2





face="Times New Roman Star"jasyn 2face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?en 2




face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yn 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 977, 979, VEWT 192, ÝÑÒß 4, 149-150, Ëåêñèêà 22-23. Turk. *jal/yn > Mong. jas?in 'lightning' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 123).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.r/tuk / *ja.tr/ukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 pillow 2 to prop on a pillowface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîäóøêà 2 îïèðàòü(ñÿ) íà ïîäóøêóface="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 'pillow-shaped ingot of silver' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1, jasta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyk 1, jasta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1 (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|stiq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jassyx (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"jassyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?astyx 1, c?asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?astyq 1, c?asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq, d/astyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/ydúr 1face="Times New Roman Star"syttyk 1, sytta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"hyttyk 1face="Times New Roman Star"syrtyq, systyq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|azdyq, z?|astyq 1, z?|azda-, z?|asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?astyq 1, z?asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jat|tyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|astyq, zastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"dastyq 1, z?asta-, dasta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastux 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq, jastuq 1face="Times New Roman Star"PT *r/ is indicated by the Chuv. form and probably also (with rotacism) Tuva syrtyk. Other forms for the most part reflect an assimilated *jaz-t- > *jast-. See VEWT 191, ÝÑÒß 4, 154-155, EDT 974, Stachowski 121.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.t-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to lie, to sleepface="Times New Roman Star"ëåæàòü, ñïàòüface="Times New Roman Star"jat- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jat- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"jat- (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|t-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"jat- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"c?at-face="Times New Roman Star"c?at- (R)face="Times New Roman Star"d/at-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-
face="Times New Roman Star"syt-face="Times New Roman Star"hyt-face="Times New Roman Star"c?y't-face="Times New Roman Star"c?y't-face="Times New Roman Star"z?|at-face="Times New Roman Star"z?at-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"z?at-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"z?at-face="Times New Roman Star"jaht-face="Times New Roman Star"jat-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 192, EDT 884, ÝÑÒß 4, 156-158, Stachowski 120.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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