| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to belch | face="Times New Roman Star"ðûãàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gejir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kiker- | face="Times New Roman Star"gegir- (Pav. C.), kekir- (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"keki(r)- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekirt- (ßÆÓ) | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"jir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kig@r- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kegir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":gu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kagúr- | face="Times New Roman Star"kegert- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"keg|ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"keg|ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kiker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, EDT 712, ÝÑÒß 3, 37, Ëåêñèêà 232. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":pek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"navel | face="Times New Roman Star"ïóïîê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bek (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"bek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ba"k (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bek (Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ba"k | face="Times New Roman Star"go":bek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|vaba |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"bek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 285, EDT 688, ÝÑÒß 3, 52, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 247. Cf. also probably from the same root: Chuv. k@w|ps/a 'vagina', Tat. ko"ps?a" 'pipe-like stalk'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to migrate, nomadize 2 nomadizing | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìèãðèðîâàòü, êî÷åâàòü 2 êî÷åâêà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 (MK, KB), ko"c? 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?- 1, ku"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z?|- 1, ko"c? 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.c?- 1, ko.c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1, ko"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1, ko"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'s?- 1, ko"'s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'s?- 1, ko"'s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s 'ðîé', ku"s- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 'luggage' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 693, 694, Ëåêñèêà 489, ÝÑÒß 3, 88-90, TMN 3, 622, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 315, Stachowski 158. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 blue 2 green ("macro-blue" according to Wierzbicka) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñèíèé 2 çåëåíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MK, KB), 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go":k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|vak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"x 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gux 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, TMN 3, 640-642, EDT 708-9, ÝÑÒß 3, 66-68, Ëåêñèêà 60, 604, Stachowski 165. In most languages the root also means 'sky'. Turk. > Hung. ke/k 'blue', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*[k]o":l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lake | face="Times New Roman Star"îçåðî | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (IM, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l@ (NW), ku"l@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"l | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"See VEWT 288, ÝÑÒß 3, 69, 5, 95-96, Ëåêñèêà 91, Stachowski 165. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"l- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 shadow 2 to shadow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 òåíü 2 äàâàòü òåíü, çàòåíÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"- (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge, ko"lge (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lege (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.lke|, ku.le|ke| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le|n|ge|, ko"lige| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lga" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lge 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le- 2, ko"lek 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"- 2, ko"lo"n|o" 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ko" 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"letke 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"len|ke 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288-289, 294, EDT 716-718, ÝÑÒß 5, 96-97, 128, Stachowski 164. Should be distinguished from *Ko"l/- 'to screen' (v. sub *ge:\l/a). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"jn|e-lek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"shirt | face="Times New Roman Star"ðóáàøêà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jna"k, dial. go"n|lek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lma"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (Sangl., MA, Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.), ko"jnek (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.jnak, ko.jlak | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|la"k, ko"n|nek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek, dial. go"mlek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"genek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nju"ga"s 'ñòàðèííîå íàçâàíèå äîõè' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo"jlen| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lda"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lek | face="Times New Roman Star"go"lma"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lmek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"lek | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290-291, EDT 732, ÝÑÒß 5, 89-90, Ëåêñèêà 384, 476-477. Turk. > WMong. ku"jileg, Kalm. ki:l@g (KW 234), MMong. ko"n|lek (TMN 3, 615, Ùåðáàê 1997, 128). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to bury | face="Times New Roman Star"çàêàïûâàòü, õîðîíèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MA), go"m- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289, EDT 721, ÝÑÒß 3, 70-71, Stachowski 155. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"jn|-il | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"heart, mood | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåðäöå, äóõ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n-u"l; go"ju"n, go"jn (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"n, ko"n|-u"l (arch. - borrowed from Tu"rki) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l, ko"n|n-@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|n-u" | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":n | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:il | face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|m@w|l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'will, freedom' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'permission' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo":l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l, ko"lu"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il, kewil | face="Times New Roman Star"go"jn|y | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 731, ÝÑÒß 3, 75-77, Ëåêñèêà 274, Stachowski 156. Almost all languages reflect a suffixed form (a substantivized adjective in -il, see Gabain AG 75). Khak., Shor reflect a nominalized attributive form of ko"n|u"l. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"anus, buttocks | face="Times New Roman Star"çàäíèöà, ÿãîäèöû |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"t |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MA, Pav. C.), MKypch. ko"t (CCum., Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ket |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kot |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"t | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 700, ÝÑÒß 3, 84-85, TMN 3, 618, Ìóäðàê 50, Ëåêñèêà 281, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 316. Cf. also *gu"tu"k 'tailless'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to rise, raise | face="Times New Roman Star"ïîäíèìàòü(ñÿ) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"te|r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- (Abush., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.tar- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ter- (ßÆÓ) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"d@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ketu"r-, ketir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t-; ko"to"r 'bird' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 'to fly; run' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"to"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 706, ÝÑÒß 3, 86-88, Stachowski 158. Cf. also Karakh. ko"tki 'hill', ko"tu" 'the roof of a house' (MK, EDT 701). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"r/ ( = *go"r-s) / *go"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 eye (*go"r/) 2 to see, look (*go"r-) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãëàç 2 âèäåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (Orkh., Yen.,OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z (Sangl., Pav. C.), ko"z (Vam.) 1, ko"r- (MA, Abush., Sangl.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.z 1, ku.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, go"r- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (Sag.) 1, ko"zenek (Kyzil.) 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (R) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s, dial. ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/ 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"stu"k 'eye-glass', ko"sku" 'visible, good-eyed', ko"skenek 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sku"t- 'to show', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d| 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"goz/koz 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"(:)z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 292, TMN 3, 637f, EDT 756 (*go"r/), 736 (*go"r-), Ôåäîòîâ 1, 310, 314, ÝÑÒß 3, 60-64 (*go"r/), 77-79, 81-84 (*go"r-), Ëåêñèêà 209, Stachowski 155, 156. The Chuv. reflex requires a supposition of a final cluster (*rs) in the nominal stem; this may be a suffixed deverbative. OT ko"ru"g 'glance; image' > MMo, WMong. ko"ru"g 'image'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"r/el | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"beautiful | face="Times New Roman Star"êðàñèâûé |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"zel |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"zel (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu.zal | face="Times New Roman Star"go"za"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"za"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"zel |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"zo"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"zel |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"za"l | face="Times New Roman Star"guzal/ (K) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 3, 63-64, VEWT 295. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"power | face="Times New Roman Star"ñèëà | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Sangl., Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"kus? | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ic? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku":s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 306, EDT 693, ÝÑÒß 3, 96-98, Stachowski 166. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"n(el/) / *gun/al/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 sun 2 day 3 sunny place 4 sun-heat | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîëíöå 2 äåíü 3 ñîëíå÷íîå ìåñòî 4 ñîëíå÷íûé æàð | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.), ku"nes? 3 (YB), isig qujas? 4 (OUygh. - Br.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 4 (MK), ku"nes? 3 (Tefs.) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 2, gu"nes? 1, (dial.) gujas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n 1, 2, qojas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qujas? 1 (Sangl., Abush., Pav. C.), ku"nes? 1 (Pav. C., Abush., Áîð. Áàä.), ku"n 1, 2 (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kun 1, 2, qujo|s? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, (dial.) qojas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kun 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"na"s? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"nes? 1, 4, quja:s? 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, dial. qujas? 1 (Kumd., Leb.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kin, ku"n 1, 2, kina"s? 'sonnig' | face="Times New Roman Star"kon 2, x@w|vel 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, kuj a:s 'heat' | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, kun/a:s 'heat' | face="Times New Roman Star"xu"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xu"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qyjas 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n 1, 2, ko"na"s 4, qojas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"nes? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, ku"nes? 1, qujas?, qujas 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2 gu"nes? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 301, 309 (Ra"sa"nen separates *gu"n and *gun'al', which is hardly justified); EDT 679, 725, 734, ÝÑÒß 3, 100-104, 6, 112-113, Ëåêñèêà 20-21, 64-65, 77-78, Ôåäîòîâ 1 306-307, Stachowski 161, 164. The forms *gu"n/el/ and *gun/al/ must be old dialectal variants. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 stout-hearted, courageous 2 thick, dense, abundant 3 wide, broad 4 well fed | face="Times New Roman Star"1 õðàáðûé 2 òîëñòûé, ïëîòíûé, îáèëüíûé 3 øèðîêèé 4 îòêîðìëåííûé |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r 1, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|r@w| 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xu"r 'healthy, well fed' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 'powerful' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 'friendly' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r 1, 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 310-311, EDT 735, ÝÑÒß 3, 106, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 277-278. Turk. > WMong. ku"r, Kalm. ku"r (KW 246). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gEru"l/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to quarrel, fight, wrestle | face="Times New Roman Star"ññîðèòüñÿ, äðàòüñÿ, áîðîòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?- (MK), ku"res?- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ra"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- (MA), gu"res?- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuras?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ra"s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"la"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?-, ku"res?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res 'wrestling' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xu"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"xires?-, xu"res?- ; xire- 'to start a fight' | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?-, ku"ro"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"keris-, ku"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ra"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"keris-, gu"res- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 747-748, ÝÑÒß 3, 79-81, 5, 50-51, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 280. The peculiar variation of keris?- and ku"res?- in old sources allows perhaps to reconstruct the original shape *gero"l/-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu":d- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to wait 2 to attend 3 to respect 4 to graze | face="Times New Roman Star"1 æäàòü 2 ïðèñëóæèâàòü 3 ïî÷èòàòü 4 ïàñòè | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d|- 1, 3 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"t/d- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 'to lead cattle away from pasture' (Pav. C., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kut- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"t/d- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"zet- 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"t- 2, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku":t- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":t- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"t- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"t- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"t- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 'âûïîëíÿòü' | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 701, VEWT 306, 312, ÝÑÒß 3, 107-108 (the variant *gu":t- is morphologically secondary, actually = *gu":du"-t-). The proposed derivation (see ÝÑÒß 108) from *gu"- (*ku"-), attested only in the OUygh. doublet ku"- ko"zed|- 'protect and keep' (see EDT 686) is far from certain (the meaning of ku"- here is not quite clear; ko"zed|- is probably < *go"r/- 'see, eye' = Yak., Dolg. ko"hu"t- 'wait'; Khak. ku"zet- above can reflect both *-r/- and *-d-). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 son-in-law 2 guest | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çÿòü 2 ãîñòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"degu" 1, ku"den 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"degu" 1, ku"den 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"veji 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kija"w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jew 1 (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kujo|w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jog|ul 1 (*ku"jo"-og|ul) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuzeg|y 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gijev 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gijev 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@zo" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ze 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ju" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kideji 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@ru" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"tu"o" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"tu"o" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"de: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hu"da": 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jo": 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kijew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"keja"w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kijew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"va": 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gijav 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kui 1 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"gijev 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 703, 704-705, ÝÑÒß 3, 43-45, Ëåêñèêà 297-298, Stachowski 166. Turk. > Mong. ku"degu"; Yak. > Evk. kute:. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"bec? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"frying pan; earthenware pot | face="Times New Roman Star"ñêîâîðîäêà; ãëèíÿíûé ãîðøîê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"vec? ((MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"vec? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"va"s? (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"va"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"go"wec? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko":s? 'skull' (Âåðá.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"vec? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 151, 286, EDT 687-688, ÝÑÒß 3, 53-54. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
