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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyj-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to cut aslant, make notches 2 to cut in small piecesface="Times New Roman Star"1 ðåçàòü íàèñêîñîê, äåëàòü çàðóáêè 2 ðåçàòü íà ìåëêèå êóñî÷êè
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"kyj- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- (AH, Ettuhf.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"qij- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"Gyj- 1face="Times New Roman Star"xyj- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"xújú chip, sliverface="Times New Roman Star"kyj- 'walk around'
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 261, ÝÑÒß 6, 197-200. Turk. *kyjgac? > Kalm. ki:g|@s (KW 234). The meaning of the Orkh. hapax qyd- (see EDT 595) is quite insecure and cannot serve as a basis for reconstructing *Kyd-; all other forms (including qyj- 'to cut aslant' and qyj-ma 'cut meat' in MK) point unambiguously to *Kyj-, see ÝÑÒß 6, 200, 202-203. There exist also common Turkic derivatives *Kyj-yr and *Kyj-yk 'oblique, bent'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.jyrface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 salt steppe 2 sandbank 3 gravel 4 sandface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîëîí÷àê 2 ïåñ÷àíûé áåðåã 3 ãðàâèé 4 ïåñîê
face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 1, 4 (MK Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"kajyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) qajyr (Houts. 94, AH 74)face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qe|jir 3


face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Gajyr 3, 4



face="Times New Roman Star"xújúr 4face="Times New Roman Star"xajyr ta:s 3
face="Times New Roman Star"xajyr 1

face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 2face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 4



face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 221-222, EDT 678, ÝÑÒß 5, 206, 217, Ëåêñèêà 97. Turk. > WMong. qajir, Kalm. xa":r (KW 180).
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)al/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 lazy, vile (in addressing a slave) 2 lazy, stubbornface="Times New Roman Star"1 ëåíèâûé, íåãîäíûé (îáðàùåíèå ê ðàáó) 2 ëåíèâûé, óïðÿìûé
face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| (MK) 1

face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qas?s?an| 'poor, beggar'face="Times New Roman Star"qas?s?aq 1, 2, qas?an| 2




face="Times New Roman Star"qaz?an| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"xúli 'íåâçðà÷íûé, ïëîõîíüêèé', xúlin 'õèòðåö, óïðÿìåö, ëîäûðü, ëåíòÿé'



face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| 2

face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qas?s?aq 1, 2, dial. qas?an 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qasan| 2

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 673, ÝÑÒß 5, 348-350. Turk. > WMong. qas?an| 'slow, lazy' (Clark 1980, 42); some of the modern Turkic forms may be borrowed back from Mong. (as certainly is Chuv. xaz?an).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyn-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to long for, covet, to be obsessed with 2 to long (sexually) 3 coireface="Times New Roman Star"1 æåëàòü, ñòðåìèòüñÿ 2 æåëàòü (ñåêñóàëüíî) 3 coireface="Times New Roman Star"qyn- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qyn- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kyn- 1, 2






face="Times New Roman Star"xyn-, xynyx- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"qyn- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qyn-, qynyq- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"xúnúx- 1face="Times New Roman Star"kyn- 3


face="Times New Roman Star"qynyq- 1








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 264, EDT 632, ÝÑÒß 6, 632.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kurface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 rank, stage, row 2 similar, equal 3 one of a pair, odd 4 timeface="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàíã, ñòåïåíü, ðÿä 2 ñõîäíûé, ðàâíûé 3 îäèí èç äâóõ, íå÷åòíûé 4 âðåìÿ, ðàçface="Times New Roman Star"qur 1, 4 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qur 1, 4 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kor 1, kur 1, 4 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qor 4face="Times New Roman Star"qur 4 (AH, Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qur 4 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qur 'line' (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qor 4
face="Times New Roman Star"Gor 'layer'



face="Times New Roman Star"xúrax 2,3face="Times New Roman Star"kurduk 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qur 4

face="Times New Roman Star"qor 4, (dial.) 'row of coins'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 642, ÝÑÒß 6, 73, 151-152, VEWT 301-302 (to be distinguished from *Kur 'belt'). ÝÑÒß (ibid.) distinguishes between *Kor 'layer, row' and *Kur 'time' - but the roots, even if distinguished originally, became quite confused already in Old Turkic. Turk. > Hung. kor 'age', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"eyelashface="Times New Roman Star"ðåñíèöàface="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"kerfekface="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpu"k (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"kiprikface="Times New Roman Star"ki(r)pikface="Times New Roman Star"kirmikface="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"k@rb@k
face="Times New Roman Star"kirbikface="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"xúrbúx, xúrbúk, (dial.) xúrbuface="Times New Roman Star"kirba"j, kirbi: 'edge'
face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik
face="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"k@rp@kface="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"kerpek
face="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"kirpik
face="Times New Roman Star"kirpikface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ÝÑÒß 5, 74-75, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 333-334, Ëåêñèêà 213. Cf. also the verb *Kyrm- / *Kyrp- 'to wink' (ÝÑÒß 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"n|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"female slaveface="Times New Roman Star"ðàáûíÿface="Times New Roman Star"ku"n| (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n| (MK, Tefs., IM)

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n| (MA), (MKypch.) ku"n| (CCum.)face="Times New Roman Star"gun| 'voiceless female slave'
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n| (ßÆÓ)
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n| 'a Turkmani born from a Persian woman' (Áóä.)



face="Times New Roman Star"xúr-g|úm



face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|




face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, EDT 726, ÝÑÒß 5, 142, Ëåêñèêà 317. The Uzb. meaning was influenced by Persian gung 'deaf-and-dumb'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar/gan-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to earn wages by labour, to gain profits by trade, to strive for successface="Times New Roman Star"ïðèîáðåòàòü, õðàíèòü, âûèãðûâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"qazg|an- (Orkh., Yeniss., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qazg|an- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"kazan-face="Times New Roman Star"qazan-face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- (Sangl., Houts., Ettuhf., IM, Pav. C., MA), Kypch. qazan- (CCum.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qazan-
face="Times New Roman Star"Gazan-face="Times New Roman Star"Gazan-



face="Times New Roman Star"xúrg|ún 'ñêóïåö, ñêðÿãà, ñêàðåä'face="Times New Roman Star"xaha:n-




face="Times New Roman Star"qazan-face="Times New Roman Star"qazan-
face="Times New Roman Star"qazan-


face="Times New Roman Star"qazan-face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 188-189.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.rga-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to swear, curseface="Times New Roman Star"ðóãàòü, ïðîêëèíàòüface="Times New Roman Star"qarg|an- (recipr.) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-, qyrg|a- (MK, KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- (Qutb, Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"qe|rg|e|-face="Times New Roman Star"qa(r)g|a-

face="Times New Roman Star"GarGa-face="Times New Roman Star"xarg|a-
face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-
face="Times New Roman Star"xúrrún (Adv.) 'angrily'face="Times New Roman Star"kyra:-face="Times New Roman Star"kyra:-face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-


face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-
face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 655, VEWT 237, ÝÑÒß 5, 304-305, Stachowski 169.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kurumface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sootface="Times New Roman Star"ñàæà, êîïîòü
face="Times New Roman Star"qurun (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kurumface="Times New Roman Star"qorymface="Times New Roman Star"qurum (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"qurumface="Times New Roman Star"qurum (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qorym, qurynface="Times New Roman Star"Gurumface="Times New Roman Star"Gurumface="Times New Roman Star"xurun
face="Times New Roman Star"qurunface="Times New Roman Star"Gurunface="Times New Roman Star"xúrúm (Anatri)face="Times New Roman Star"kurunn/uk


face="Times New Roman Star"qurumface="Times New Roman Star"qurymface="Times New Roman Star"qurymface="Times New Roman Star"qoromface="Times New Roman Star"qurumface="Times New Roman Star"qurumface="Times New Roman Star"qurumface="Times New Roman Star"qurym
face="Times New Roman Star"qurumface="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 206, 371-372, EDT 661, ÝÑÒß 6, 169-170. Turk. > Hung. korom 'soot', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kus-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to vomitface="Times New Roman Star"áëåâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"qus- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qus- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kus-face="Times New Roman Star"qos-face="Times New Roman Star"qus- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"Gus-face="Times New Roman Star"Gus-face="Times New Roman Star"xus-
face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"xús-face="Times New Roman Star"xotuo (n.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qus-
face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qot|-
face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"qus-
face="Times New Roman Star"qus-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 304, EDT 666, ÝÑÒß 6, 174-175.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:p-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to swell, form blisters 2 thick, swollen 3 hill, moundface="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàñïóõàòü, íàðûâàòü 2 òîëñòûé, ðàñïóõøèé 3 õîëì, âîçâûøåíèå
face="Times New Roman Star"qapar- 1, qapa (MK) 3face="Times New Roman Star"kabar- 1, kaba 2face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qaba 2face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) qabar- (AH) 1, qaba (Houts., AH) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qapa(r)- 1, dial. qova 2
face="Times New Roman Star"Gabar- 1, Gaba 2face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:bar- 1, Ga:ba 2



face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|ba-lan- 1face="Times New Roman Star"xaba-lan- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"xavar-, xapyj- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qabaq 3face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qaba 2face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qabaq 3


face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qapa 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qaba 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 215, 233, ÝÑÒß 5, 158, 165-166.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kypy-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sense, invention, cleverness 2 to invent, think offace="Times New Roman Star"1 ñìûñë, èçîáðåòàòåëüíîñòü, óì 2 âûäóìûâàòü









face="Times New Roman Star"xyby-
face="Times New Roman Star"qyby-
face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|búw|l 'dexterous'face="Times New Roman Star"kyp 'dexterously'


face="Times New Roman Star"qybac?y 'experienced person'








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 260.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku:tur/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 mad, enraged 2 to become mad, rage 3 to instigate 4 instigationface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñóìàñøåäøèé, áåøåíûé 2 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà, áûòü â áåøåíñòâå 3 ïîäñòðåêàòü 4 ïîäñòðåêàòåëüñòâîface="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qutuz 1, qutur- 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kuduz 1, kudur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qotoroq 4, qotyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutuz 1 (Ettuhf., Áîð. Áàä.), qutur- 2 (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutu(r)- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"Guduz 1, Gudur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"Guduz 1, Gu:dura- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|dúw|r 'boaster', xúw|dúw|r- 'to curse'; kúdúr- 2 ( < Tat.)face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qotort- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"quduz 1face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutyr- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 305, EDT 605, 608, ÝÑÒß 6, 103-105.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kulaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"light yellow, brownface="Times New Roman Star"æåëòûé, ñàâðàñûéface="Times New Roman Star"qula (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qula (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kulaface="Times New Roman Star"qolaface="Times New Roman Star"qula (AH, Houts.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulaface="Times New Roman Star"qulaface="Times New Roman Star"qula
face="Times New Roman Star"qulaface="Times New Roman Star"xula
face="Times New Roman Star"qula
face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|la

face="Times New Roman Star"qula
face="Times New Roman Star"qulaface="Times New Roman Star"qulaface="Times New Roman Star"qulaface="Times New Roman Star"qola
face="Times New Roman Star"qula
face="Times New Roman Star"qula
face="Times New Roman Star"qulaface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 617, VEWT 298, ÝÑÒß 6, 121-122.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kula-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to wave; jump over 2 to stretch 3 fathomface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìàõàòü; ïåðåïðûãèâàòü 2 òÿíóòüñÿ 3 ñàæåíü
face="Times New Roman Star"qulac? 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kulac? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qolac? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 2 (Áóä.), qulac? 3 (AH, Áîð. Áàä.), qulaz?| 3 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulac? 3face="Times New Roman Star"g|ulac? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qulas?, Golas? 3face="Times New Roman Star"Gulac?, Golaz?| 3face="Times New Roman Star"Gulac? 3face="Times New Roman Star"xulas 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1, qulas? 3
face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|las/ 3face="Times New Roman Star"kula:-, kulas-ta- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qulas? 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qulac? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qulas? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qulas? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qolas 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qolac? 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qulas? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qulas? 3face="Times New Roman Star"qulac? 3face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 618, VEWT 298, TMN 3, 487, ÝÑÒß 6, 122, 129-131.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kul-kakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"earface="Times New Roman Star"óõîface="Times New Roman Star"qulqaq (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulaq, qulqaq, qulxaq (MK), qulaq, qulg|aq (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"kulakface="Times New Roman Star"qolaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaq (MA), qulag| (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulo|qface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"GulaGface="Times New Roman Star"Gulaqface="Times New Roman Star"xulaxface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"xúw|lg|aface="Times New Roman Star"kulga:kface="Times New Roman Star"kulga:kface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qolaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaxface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"Gulax|face="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 298, EDT 620, Ëåêñèêà 204-205, ÝÑÒß 6, 124-127, Stachowski 160.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kumface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sandface="Times New Roman Star"ïåñîêface="Times New Roman Star"qum (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qum (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kumface="Times New Roman Star"qomface="Times New Roman Star"qum (Pav. C., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qum, qomface="Times New Roman Star"Gumface="Times New Roman Star"Gumface="Times New Roman Star"xumface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qum
face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|mface="Times New Roman Star"kumaxface="Times New Roman Star"kumakface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"xumface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qu_mface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qomface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"qumface="Times New Roman Star"Gum
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 299, EDT 625, Ëåêñèêà 102, ÝÑÒß 6, 133-134, Stachowski 160. Turk. > WMong. qum, Kalm. xum 'sand' (KW 196; TMN 3, 508), Hung. homok (Gombocz 1912).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kulumface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"foalface="Times New Roman Star"æåðåáåíîêface="Times New Roman Star"qulun (Yen.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulun (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kulunface="Times New Roman Star"qolynface="Times New Roman Star"qulun, qulum (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulun (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulun (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulun, qulum, qulym, qolunface="Times New Roman Star"Gulunface="Times New Roman Star"Gulunface="Times New Roman Star"xulun
face="Times New Roman Star"qulun
face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|mface="Times New Roman Star"kulun
face="Times New Roman Star"qulun
face="Times New Roman Star"qulunface="Times New Roman Star"qulynface="Times New Roman Star"qulynface="Times New Roman Star"qolon


face="Times New Roman Star"qulyn

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 622, TMN 3, 506-507, ÝÑÒß 6, 132-133.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:m-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to throw, strike down 2 to move, walkface="Times New Roman Star"1 êèäàòü 2 äâèãàòüñÿ, õîäèòüface="Times New Roman Star"qam- (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"qam- 'to lower' (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"qam- 'to lower' (MN)








face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|m- 'ìàõàòü, çàìàõèâàòüñÿ'face="Times New Roman Star"xa:mp- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ka:m- 2











face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, EDT 625; Stachowski 142. The connection of OT qam- and Yak. qa:mp- is rather problematic, but possible (we are not aware of other etymologies). For the Yak. word cf. perhaps Bur. xamby 'packtrain, caravan'.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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