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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kul/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 bird 2 duckface="Times New Roman Star"1 птица 2 уткаface="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"kus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1 (Sangl.); 'moth' (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"Gus 1face="Times New Roman Star"Gus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"Gus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"xus 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1; 'hen'face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus?, Gus? (< Az.) 'sparrow'
face="Times New Roman Star"kus 2face="Times New Roman Star"kus 2face="Times New Roman Star"qu's? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qu's? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus 1face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus 1face="Times New Roman Star"Gus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 305, TMN 3, 547-548; EDT 670; ЭСТЯ 6, 180-182, Лексика 168, Stachowski 162. Chuv. xъlat 'hawk' < Mong.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ysyr-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to biteface="Times New Roman Star"кусать
face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-
face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-, ysur- 'to bite, to eat' (Abush., Sangl.)




face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr-



face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:-face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:-face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr-face="Times New Roman Star"y'syr-face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-




face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-

face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 167, EDT 251, ЭСТЯ 1, 671-672, Stachowski 262, 263.
face="Times New Roman Star"*di:l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"toothface="Times New Roman Star"зубface="Times New Roman Star"tis? (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tys? (MK), tis? (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"dis?face="Times New Roman Star"tes?face="Times New Roman Star"tis? (MA, Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tis?face="Times New Roman Star"tis?, c?is?face="Times New Roman Star"dysface="Times New Roman Star"dis?face="Times New Roman Star"di:s?face="Times New Roman Star"t@sface="Times New Roman Star"tis?face="Times New Roman Star"dis?face="Times New Roman Star"ti:s?
face="Times New Roman Star"ti:sface="Times New Roman Star"ti:sface="Times New Roman Star"dis?face="Times New Roman Star"dis?face="Times New Roman Star"tis?face="Times New Roman Star"tisface="Times New Roman Star"tisface="Times New Roman Star"tes?face="Times New Roman Star"tis?face="Times New Roman Star"dis?face="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"tisface="Times New Roman Star"cis?face="Times New Roman Star"tis?face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 481, EDT 557, 564-5, ЭСТЯ 3, 242-244, Лексика 228, Stachowski 224. Cf. also PT *di:l/-le- 'to bite'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Karaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"blackface="Times New Roman Star"черныйface="Times New Roman Star"qara (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qara (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"karaface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qara (MA, IM, Pav. C., AH, Бор. Бад.)face="Times New Roman Star"qo|re|face="Times New Roman Star"qara, dial. qareface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"xaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"xoraface="Times New Roman Star"xaraface="Times New Roman Star"karaface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235, TMN 3, 426-432, EDT 643-4, ЭСТЯ 5, 286-289, 299-100, Лексика 592-593, Stachowski 138, Федотов 2, 362.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kia:nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bloodface="Times New Roman Star"кровьface="Times New Roman Star"qan (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qan (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qan (MA, Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qo|nface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"Ganface="Times New Roman Star"Ga:nface="Times New Roman Star"xanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qa:nface="Times New Roman Star"jonface="Times New Roman Star"xa:nface="Times New Roman Star"ka:nface="Times New Roman Star"xanface="Times New Roman Star"xanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"Ga(:)nface="Times New Roman Star"qanface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, TMN 3, 360-361, EDT 629-630, ЭСТЯ 5, 251, Егоров 349, Федотов 2, 486, Stachowski 142. Turk. > WMong. qana- 'to let bleed' (KW 166, TMN 3, 361, Щербак 1997, 133).
face="Times New Roman Star"*kEmu"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 bone 2 spongy bone 3 cartilageface="Times New Roman Star"1 кость 2 губчатая кость 3 хрящ

face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2face="Times New Roman Star"kemu"k (MA) 3, ko"mu"k (Pav. C.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko|mik, ge|mik (dial.) 2





face="Times New Roman Star"ke:mik 3





face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 2face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1face="Times New Roman Star"kemyk 1face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251, EDT 722, ЭСТЯ 5, 36-38, Лексика 261-262. Turk. > Mong. kemik 'cartilage' (see Щербак 1997, 126; but the derivation of the Turk. form from *gemu"r- 'to gnaw' (v. sub *ke>\ma) is a folk etymology, although some contaminations were possible: Yak. ko"mu"ru"o" 'spongy bone' semantically continues *kemu"k, but formally is derived from *gemu"r-. MK has kemdi- 'to cut meat from the bones' and kemdu"k 'bone with meat cut off' - forms that may be related both to *kemu"k and *gemu"r-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jak-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (tr.) 2 light, ray 3 to produce fireface="Times New Roman Star"1 жечь 2 свет, луч 3 высекать огонь
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jak- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jag|- 1, jaqty 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|q- 1, jo|g|du 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jax- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jag|ty 2


face="Times New Roman Star"ja:q- 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/ot- 1, s/o-dъ 2face="Times New Roman Star"saq- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'q- 3face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jaqty 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1, z?aqty 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 180, TMN 4, 201-202, EDT 897, ЭСТЯ 4, 62, 81-82, Федотов 2, 146, Лексика 362. This stem should be distinguished from *jan- 'to burn (intr.)'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bulut (*bulyt)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"cloudface="Times New Roman Star"облако
face="Times New Roman Star"bulut (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bolytface="Times New Roman Star"bulut (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"pylytface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"pulutface="Times New Roman Star"pulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulytface="Times New Roman Star"p@w|l@w|t 'sky, cloud'face="Times New Roman Star"bylytface="Times New Roman Star"bylytface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bu_ltface="Times New Roman Star"bulytface="Times New Roman Star"bolotface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"bultface="Times New Roman Star"bu(:)lytface="Times New Roman Star"bulutface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 88 (the connection with PT *bulga- 'to mix' is not obvious at all); TMN 2, 323; EDT 333, ЭСТЯ 2, 262-264, Лексика 24, Stachowski 71. Turk. > MMong. (ИМ) bulut, see Щербак 1997, 163. Derived are Kypch. forms like Kaz., KKalp. buldyr 'foggy, cloudy', Kirgh. buldur 'fuzzy, cloudy', Nogh. buldyr 'id.'
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge.l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to comeface="Times New Roman Star"приходитьface="Times New Roman Star"kel- (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"kel- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"gel-face="Times New Roman Star"kil-face="Times New Roman Star"ke.l- (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"ka"l-/kil-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"ga"l-face="Times New Roman Star"gel-face="Times New Roman Star"kil-face="Times New Roman Star"kel- (R)face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"ka"l-face="Times New Roman Star"kil-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kil-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"gel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"kel-face="Times New Roman Star"gel-, gej-face="Times New Roman Star"gel-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248; EDT 715, ЭСТЯ 3, 14-16, 31-32, Stachowski 143. The Chuv. and Yak. vowels correspond irregularly.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to die 2 (*o"l-tu"r-) to killface="Times New Roman Star"1 умирать 2 (*o"l-tu"r-) убиватьface="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1 (Yen., OUygh.), o"lu"r- 2 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1 (MK, KB), o"ldu"r- 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"l- 1, u"ter- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1 (Sangl.), o"lu"r- 2 (Abush.), o"ltu"r- 2 (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"u.l-, u.ldir- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ju"l- 1, ju"lyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"der- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"du"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"hil-/he.l-, o"l- 'to die (of animals)' ( < Az.)face="Times New Roman Star"vil- 1, v@w|ler- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lo"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lo"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lti_r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltir- 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"l- 1, u"lter- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jo"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ol/- 1, ol/der- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltir- 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"l- 1, u"ldyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 371; ЭСТЯ 1, 525-527, TMN 2, 112, 162-3; EDT 125-126, 133-134, 151, Stachowski 199.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pek
face="Times New Roman Star"1 dog 2 hound 3 sheep-dog 4 yard dog 5 puppyface="Times New Roman Star"1 собака 2 охотничий пес 3 овчарка 4 дворовая собака 5 щенок
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1, go"belek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek (Pav. C., AH) 1, ko"belek 2 (OKypch.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko.ppa"k 1; ko"pa"k 1 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pa"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"k 'ethnonym; name of a hero'






face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe 1 (K)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"belek 3, go"ben it 4face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, TMN 3, 646-647, ЭСТЯ 5, 111-112, Лексика 189. Basically an Oghuz word, but cf. also Kum. go"ben, OKypch. ko"belek 'shepherd's dog' (Bulgat, ad-Durr., Houts., AH) = Tur. dial. go"belek 'puppy' (possibly < Kypch.), see ЭСТЯ ibid. Despite ЭСТЯ, Kirgh. qara ko"bo"lo"k 'evil spirit appearing as a girl dressed in black and with a black greyhound' is rather = ko"bo"lo"k 'butterfly' (cf. the archaic mythological motive of evil spirit appearing as a butterfly), but a contamination with the word for dog attested in Old Kypchak also cannot be excluded. However, Kalm. ko"wl@g 'greyhound' is not < Kirgh., but from Old Kypchak. The same source is probable for Russ. кобель, dimin. кобеле'к (a re-analysis?) - the word is absent in other Slavic languages, the list of absolutely hopeless etymological attempts can be found in Фасмер II 267. It was attested for the first time in 1599 as a term for a hounting hound: у государевы царевы охоты у кобелей у меделянскихъ; the form кобелек (attested in 1673) see in СРЯ XI-XVIII, 7, 208. Turk. > Hung. kopo/ 'bloodhound', see Gombocz 1912 (Doerfer in TMN 3, 647 objects, but the word has no Finno-Ugric etymology).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to drinkface="Times New Roman Star"питьface="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ec?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ys?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"@s-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-, es?- (R., Верб.)face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"@s/-face="Times New Roman Star"is-face="Times New Roman Star"is-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"es-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"i:c?-face="Times New Roman Star"ic?-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 168, EDT 19, ЭСТЯ 1, 391, Егоров 66, Stachowski 129.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kul-kakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"earface="Times New Roman Star"ухоface="Times New Roman Star"qulqaq (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulaq, qulqaq, qulxaq (MK), qulaq, qulg|aq (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"kulakface="Times New Roman Star"qolaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaq (MA), qulag| (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"qulo|qface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"GulaGface="Times New Roman Star"Gulaqface="Times New Roman Star"xulaxface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"xъw|lg|aface="Times New Roman Star"kulga:kface="Times New Roman Star"kulga:kface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qolaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulaxface="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"Gulax|face="Times New Roman Star"qulaqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 298, EDT 620, Лексика 204-205, ЭСТЯ 6, 124-127, Stachowski 160.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je.rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"earth, landface="Times New Roman Star"земляface="Times New Roman Star"jer (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"je.r (MK), jer (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"z?|irface="Times New Roman Star"je.r (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"ja"rface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"c?irface="Times New Roman Star"c?er (R.)face="Times New Roman Star"d/erface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"s/@rface="Times New Roman Star"sirface="Times New Roman Star"hirface="Times New Roman Star"c?erface="Times New Roman Star"c?erface="Times New Roman Star"z?|erface="Times New Roman Star"z?erface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"z?erface="Times New Roman Star"jer/face="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"z?erface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 198, EDT 954, ЭСТЯ 4, 191-192, Лексика 53, Stachowski 104-105. Bulg. > Hung. szer 'place' (in toponyms), see Sinor 1990.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je:-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to eatface="Times New Roman Star"естьface="Times New Roman Star"je- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"je-, je.- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"je-face="Times New Roman Star"z?|im 'food'face="Times New Roman Star"je- (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"je-face="Times New Roman Star"ja"-face="Times New Roman Star"ji-face="Times New Roman Star"je-face="Times New Roman Star"ij-face="Times New Roman Star"c?e-face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:-face="Times New Roman Star"d/e-face="Times New Roman Star"jie:-face="Times New Roman Star"s/i-face="Times New Roman Star"sie-face="Times New Roman Star"hie-face="Times New Roman Star"c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"z?|e-face="Times New Roman Star"z?e-face="Times New Roman Star"je-face="Times New Roman Star"je-face="Times New Roman Star"z?|eje- (arch.)face="Times New Roman Star"i-face="Times New Roman Star"je-face="Times New Roman Star"z?e-face="Times New Roman Star"ji-face="Times New Roman Star"je-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 194, EDT 869-70, ЭСТЯ 1, 333-335, Stachowski 102.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jumurtkaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"eggface="Times New Roman Star"яйцоface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a, jumurg|a (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtaface="Times New Roman Star"jomyrqaface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtqa (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"jomutface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtaface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtGaface="Times New Roman Star"nymyrxaface="Times New Roman Star"nybyrtqa, nuburtqa (Верб.)face="Times New Roman Star"d/ymyrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jumurqaface="Times New Roman Star"s/ъw|mardaface="Times New Roman Star"symy:tface="Times New Roman Star"hymy:tface="Times New Roman Star"c?uurg|aface="Times New Roman Star"n/umurxaface="Times New Roman Star"z?|umurtqaface="Times New Roman Star"z?u_myrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jumyrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jomortqaface="Times New Roman Star"zumurtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jymyrtaface="Times New Roman Star"jymyrta, imyrtxaface="Times New Roman Star"z?umurtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jymu:(r)ddaface="Times New Roman Star"jymyrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 211, EDT 938, ЭСТЯ 4, 250-251, Лексика 149, Stachowski 118.
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"r/ ( = *go"r-s) / *go"r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 eye (*go"r/) 2 to see, look (*go"r-)face="Times New Roman Star"1 глаз 2 видетьface="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (Orkh., Yen.,OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z 1, ku"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"go"z (Sangl., Pav. C.), ko"z (Vam.) 1, ko"r- (MA, Abush., Sangl.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku.z 1, ku.r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, go"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (Sag.) 1, ko"zenek (Kyzil.) 'window', ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (R) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s, dial. ko"z 1, ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ke.r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"kos/ 1, kor- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"stu"k 'eye-glass', ko"sku" 'visible, good-eyed', ko"skenek 'window', ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sku"t- 'to show', ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d| 1, ku"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"goz/koz 1, kor- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"go"(:)z 1, go"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 292, TMN 3, 637f, EDT 756 (*go"r/), 736 (*go"r-), Федотов 1, 310, 314, ЭСТЯ 3, 60-64 (*go"r/), 77-79, 81-84 (*go"r-), Лексика 209, Stachowski 155, 156. The Chuv. reflex requires a supposition of a final cluster (*rs) in the nominal stem; this may be a suffixed deverbative. OT ko"ru"g 'glance; image' > MMo, WMong. ko"ru"g 'image'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:gface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 fat n., butter 2 lard 3 thick, fat (adj.)face="Times New Roman Star"1 жир, масло 2 сало 3 толстый, жирныйface="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jag| (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|g| 1face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja:g| 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 1face="Times New Roman Star"d/u: 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja:g| 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/u, s/ъw|v 1face="Times New Roman Star"sya 1face="Times New Roman Star"hya 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?|oo-n 3


face="Times New Roman Star"z?au 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja: 1face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1face="Times New Roman Star"jav 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 177, EDT 895, ЭСТЯ 4, 58-59, Лексика 453, Федотов 2, 127, Stachowski 117.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tu":kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 feather 2 (animal's) hair 3 (body) hair 4 fur 5 hairface="Times New Roman Star"1 перо 2 шерсть (животного) 3 волос (на теле) 4 мех 5 волосface="Times New Roman Star"tu" 1, 3 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tu" 3 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j 1-5face="Times New Roman Star"to"k 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k, tu"j, tu"g 3 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tuk 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1,2,3,5face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j 2,3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"ti:k 3face="Times New Roman Star"t@w|k 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu": 1, 2, 3, 4face="Times New Roman Star"tu": 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"du"k 3, 5face="Times New Roman Star"du"k (Рас. ФиЛ), tu"k 2, 3, 5face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"to"k 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tik, t/uk 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tu"x, z|/u"x 2 (ССЯ)face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 503; EDT 433 (: originally only 'body hair', opposed to sac? 'hair of head', kyl 'hair (in general)' and ju"g 'feather'); Лексика 197-198; Stachowski 236. Loss of *-k in OT and Yak. is not quite clear (perhaps a rather unique development of the final *-u":k).
face="Times New Roman Star"*uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fly v.face="Times New Roman Star"лететь, летатьface="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (MK,KB)face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"oc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?ux-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?uq-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-, uc?g|ur-face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|s/-face="Times New Roman Star"uhun- 'float'face="Times New Roman Star"uhun- 'float, swim'face="Times New Roman Star"u's?-face="Times New Roman Star"u's?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"us?-face="Times New Roman Star"us?-face="Times New Roman Star"os-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"us?-face="Times New Roman Star"us?-face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 509, EDT 19, ЭСТЯ 1, 612-613, Stachowski 241.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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