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| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kamyl/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"reed | face="Times New Roman Star"òðîñòíèê | face="Times New Roman Star"qamus?, qamys? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? (Qutb, MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|mis? | face="Times New Roman Star"qomus? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"Gamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"xamys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|múw|l 'stalk of cereals' | face="Times New Roman Star"xamys, xomus |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamis? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qamus? | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 249-250, TMN 3, 517. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kiam | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 shaman 2 to shamanize, come into movement | face="Times New Roman Star"1 øàìàí 2 êàìëàòü, ïðèõîäèòü â äâèæåíèå | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1, qamla- 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qam (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1 (Sib.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1 (AH, IM, Pav. C.), qamla- 2 (Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xam 1, xamna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1, qamda- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jomús/, jumúz/@ 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xam-na:- (xam-sa:-) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kamna:- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xam 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamz|y 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, TMN 3, 402-406, ÝÑÒß 5, 240-241, Åãîðîâ 348-349, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 486, Stachowski 136. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to be satisfied | face="Times New Roman Star"áûòü óäîâëåòâîðåííûì | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) qan- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|n- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gan- | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"xan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xan- | face="Times New Roman Star"kan- | face="Times New Roman Star"xan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 632, VEWT 230, ÝÑÒß 5, 251-252, Stachowski 136. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an|-(yr)- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 nose 2 to snuffle 3 beak, snout 4 parched nose (phras.) 5 nose bridge | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íîñ 2 ãíóñàâèòü 3 êëþâ, ìîðäà 4 ïåðåñîõøèé (î íîñå) 5 ïåðåíîñèöà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|raq `palate' (MK - ÄÒÑ) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ryq, qa rq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gan|s?yravuq 'nasal cavity', Gon|ursa- 'to reek' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq (Tel.) (R II, 82); qon|yr 5 (R II 521), Tel. (Âåðá.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xan|ynaj- 2; xon|uru:, xan|yry: 5 (Ïåê.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 3, xa:s? 'nasal', qon|zan| 'crook-nosed' | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq 4, qon|ursu- 'to reek' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|g|yryq (dial.) 'hard palate' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"The root is no doubt archaic, although not widely attested. On its modern reflexes see VEWT 232, Ëåêñèêà 215-216 (some of the listed forms are < Mong., but certainly not all.), ÝÑÒß 6, 66. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to snatch, take 2 to bite | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áðàòü, õâàòàòü 2 êóñàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (AH, IM, Pav. C., Qutb) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|p- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xyp- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap- 1,2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qa'p- 'to grab with one's mouth; bite (of fish)' | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qab- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 233, EDT 580, ÝÑÒß 5, 264-265, TMN 3, 373-374. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:p | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 sack 2 to surround | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìåøîê 2 îêðóæàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 (MA, IM), qaba- 'to besiege' (Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|p 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1, dial. qaba- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gab | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:p 1, Ga:ba- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xappar 1 (?) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap/b- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 233, TMN 3, 366-367, EDT 578 (should be separated from *kab!) ÝÑÒß 5, 159, 266-267 (with a partial confusion with another root, probably of Mongolian origin, see under *KAmug), 266-267. Despite Doerfer (ibid.) the resemblance with *Ka:puk 'bark' is only superficial. See also notes to *K(i)amak / *K(i)apak 'forehead, eyebrow/eyelid'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 cover (n.) 2 gate, door 3 to close | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûøêà 2 âîðîòà, äâåðü 3 çàêðûâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qapag|, qapyg| (Orkh., OUygh.) 2, qapg|y (Orkh.) 2, qapaq (OUygh.) 1, qap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapug| (MK, KB), qapg|aq (MK) 1, qapug| (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kapak 1, kapy 2, kapa- 3, kap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qapqaq 1, qapqa 2, qapla- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabag| (Qutb.) 1, qapu (Houts., Pav. C.) 2, qabug| (Qutb.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|pe|qo|q 1, qo|pqe| 2, qo|ple|- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap(q)aq 1, dial. qobug| 2, qapla- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"GapaG 1, Gapy 2, Gapa- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gapaq 1, Gapy 2, dial. Gap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaxpax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xobú 1, xop(la)- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xappax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kappakta:- 'to cover' | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapqaq 1, qapqa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1, qapy 2, qaqpa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq 1, qapy 2, qap(l)a- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapqa 2, qapla- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1, qapy 2, qaqpa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:vu 2 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"qapu 2, qabaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 203, TMN 3, 369, ÝÑÒß 5, 160, 263-264, 274-275, Ëåêñèêà 510, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 358-359, Stachowski 138 (there is also a variant *Ka:p- - due to merger with another root *Ka:p-, v. sub *k[a:]p`a/; the meaning 'cover' here is probably secondary). Turk. > Mong. qabqag| 'cover' (whence Evk. kapkak, see Doerfer MT 125), qabqa 'gate', see TMN 3, 371, 415, Hung. kapu 'gate', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kaptal | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"side | face="Times New Roman Star"áîê |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal (R - ShS, Vam.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|pto|l | face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gapdal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal | face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 267-268. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kara | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"black | face="Times New Roman Star"÷åðíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"qara (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qara (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara (MA, IM, Pav. C., AH, Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|re| | face="Times New Roman Star"qara, dial. qare | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"xara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"xora | face="Times New Roman Star"xara | face="Times New Roman Star"kara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235, TMN 3, 426-432, EDT 643-4, ÝÑÒß 5, 286-289, 299-100, Ëåêñèêà 592-593, Stachowski 138, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 362. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)ar- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 heron, crane 2 swallow, swift | face="Times New Roman Star"1 öàïëÿ, æóðàâëü 2 ëàñòî÷êà | face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|ac? (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|ac?, qarg|ylac? (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"karkara 1, kyrlang|yc?, kyrlyk 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|ac? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarluwac?, qarlug|ac? (Sangl., Pav. C., MA), qarlag|ac? (Houts.), qarlawuc? (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|rqe|re| 1, qe|ldirg|o|c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqira 1, qalg|ac? (dial.) 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"GaranGus?, Garag|los? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Garqara (dial.) 1, Garlava:c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xarlag|as, xarlyg|as (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarla:s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarlag|as?, qarylg|as? 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xaran|ac?c?y 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qarqyra 1, qardyg|ac? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarqyra 1, qarlyg|as? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|as? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|as (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarylg|ac? 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|as? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarlag|ac?, qarlyg|ac? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 657, ÝÑÒß 5, 306-309; Ëåêñèêà 175-176. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Karak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 eye-ball 2 eye 3 a gentle address ("my dear") | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çðà÷îê 2 ãëàç 3 ëàñêîâîå îáðàùåíèå | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z karasy 1, Osm. (XV) qaraq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq (Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä., Sangl.) 1, (Abush.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|re|c?iq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar(i)c?uq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"z Garasy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Garaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xarax 2, dial. xarac?y 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kos/ xori 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xarax 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"karak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3, dial. qareq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3, qaras?yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaras?yq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3, qaras?yq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235-236, TMN 3, 434-436, EDT 652, ÝÑÒß 5, 295-296, Àøì. VII, 36, Ëåêñèêà 210, Stachowski 138. Deriving *Karak from *Kara 'black' (see also TMN 1, 401) is highly dubious both for semantic and morphological reasons; forms like Tur. go"z karasy result from secondary reanalysis. Cf. also the forms *Kara-la- 'to stare' (Az. qarala-, Uygh. qarala-, see ÝÑÒß 5, 289), *Karaj- 'to watch, preserve' (Yak. xaraj-, Dolg. karaj-; Yak. xarys 'care, wariness', Dolg. karysta:- 'to care, beware', see Stachowski 138, 140) - which, in contrast to qara- 'look' ( < Mong.) are unlikely to be borrowed. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)arba- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to grope (for smth.) 2 to grasp (with hands or teeth) 3 to swim (grope through water with hands and feet) 4 to rake up | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàùóïûâàòü 2 õâàòàòü (ðóêàìè èëè çóáàìè) 3 ïëàâàòü (õâàòàòüñÿ çà âîäó ðóêàìè è íîãàìè) 4 ñãðåáàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qarva- (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarva- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kavra- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- (Qutb) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gabra- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xarba- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xarba:- 2,3,4 | face="Times New Roman Star"karba:- 'to row, swim' | face="Times New Roman Star"qarban- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 646, VEWT 243, ÝÑÒß 5, 302-303, Ìóäðàê 103 (with a wrong attribution of Tuva xyr-). Despite Kal/. MEJ 42, Stachowski 139, forms like Yak. xarba:- are hardly borrowed < Mong. qarma- (on which see under *k`ar/a). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 arm 2 forearm 3 shin-bone of animal 4 various measures of length | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðóêà (âåðõíÿÿ ÷àñòü) 2 ïðåäïëå÷üå 3 ãîëåííàÿ êîñòü æèâîòíîãî 4 ðàçëè÷íûå ìåðû äëèíû | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 1, qary 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qary (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"karu-z?|a 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1, qara 4 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 1 (Vam.), qary 1 (Abush.), 2 (Houts.), 4 (in all sources) | face="Times New Roman Star"qari 1,4, qara 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qeri 4, qaja 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gari 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"Gary 3,4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"xor 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"xary, xara 2, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyry 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyry 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 1, qary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 2, qary 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qar 2, qary 2, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 461-2, ÝÑÒß 5, 278-283, Äûáî 160-164, Äûáî 1989, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 361, Ëåêñèêà 246-247. The usage of *Kary as a measure ('cubit') may seem natural, but in fact reflects a merger with a different root, see under *K(i)aryl/. Turk. > Hung. kar 'arm', see Ligeti 1933, MNyTESz 2, 369. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.ryn | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"belly | face="Times New Roman Star"æèâîò | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"karyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn (Sangl., Houts., AH, MA, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|rin | face="Times New Roman Star"qerin | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"Garyn | face="Times New Roman Star"Garyn | face="Times New Roman Star"xaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qarny | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:ryn | face="Times New Roman Star"xyrúm | face="Times New Roman Star"xaryn 'rumen; belly' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xyryn | face="Times New Roman Star"xyryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn-tas? 'a relative' (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"qaryn | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 238, EDT 661, ÝÑÒß 5, 321-322, Ëåêñèêà 277. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)aryl/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"span | face="Times New Roman Star"ïÿäü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"karys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? (Pav. C., Houts., AH, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|ris? | face="Times New Roman Star"g|eric?, dial. g|eris? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Garys? | face="Times New Roman Star"Garys? | face="Times New Roman Star"xarys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xarys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"xarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 324-326, EDT 663. External evidence suggests that the original meaning was 'elbow, cubit' [in fact attested for qarys? in Chag. Abushka, but some argue that this is just a script error], with the opposition *K(i)ary 'large measure (cubit) : *K(i)aryl/ 'small measure (span)'. But the former completely merged later with the reflexes of *Kary 'arm' (v. sub *ga\ra/). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 opposite 2 be opposite, meet 3 bandit | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðîòèâîïîëîæíûé 2 âñòðå÷àòüñÿ 3 ðàçáîéíèê | face="Times New Roman Star"qars?y (OUygh.) 1; qaraqc?y (OUygh.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qars?u (MK, KB), qars?y (KB) 1, qaraqc?y (KB) 3, qaraqla- (MK) 'to rob' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq (Pav. C., Abush.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|re|qc?i 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gars?y- 2; Garaq 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xir@s/- 2; xorax 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xar, xa:r 1 (Ïåê.); xar-da 'retaliation'; xarys- 'to fight (with each other)' | face="Times New Roman Star"kar-da 'retaliation', karys- 'to fight' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraqc?y 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraqs?y 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235, ÝÑÒß 5, 294-295, 326-327, Àøì. XVI, 219-220, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 365-366, Stachowski 139, 140. Chuv. xir@s/- may actually reflect a different root (see *geru"l/-), or a contamination. Turk. qars?y > Mong. qarsi (Clark 1980, 41). Cf. also *Karma 'robbery'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to dig 2 to scrape, scratch 3 plane | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîïàòü 2 ñêðåñòè, öàðàïàòü 3 ðóáàíîê | face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- (KB), qazy- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kaz- 1,2, kazy- 2, kazag|y 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qazy- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- (AH, Houts., MA, IM, Pav. C.) 1, (Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- 1, qazi- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gaz- 1,2, Gazy- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gaz- 1, Gaza- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. xas- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qas- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qas- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xyr- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xas- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kas- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qas- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qazy- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qad|y- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaz- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 243, ÝÑÒß 5, 185-186, Ìóäðàê 103, Stachowski 140. Chuv. -y- is not quite clear here. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kias- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 horrible, terrible 2 to annoy 3 to become wasted, lose 4 vindictive 5 inimical | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòðàøíûé, óæàñíûé 2 äîñàæäàòü 3 ðàçîðÿòüñÿ, òåðÿòü 4 ìñòèòåëüíûé 5 âðàæäåáíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"qasync?yg| (OUygh. Suv.) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qasta- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jus-, juzún- 3, jus-tar- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xasymar 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qas 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"qas 5 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 668, Àøì. XI, 12. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kat- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to mix, add, tie to | face="Times New Roman Star"ñìåøèâàòü, äîáàâëÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- (Sangl., MA, Pav. C., Qutb.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qat- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gat- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gat- | face="Times New Roman Star"xat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xodús? 'mixture' | face="Times New Roman Star"xat- (but kytar- 'to mix') | face="Times New Roman Star"kat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qa't- | face="Times New Roman Star"qa't- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- | face="Times New Roman Star"qat- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qat- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qat- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 594-595, VEWT 241, ÝÑÒß 5, 336, 337-338, Stachowski 141, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 373-374. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kat | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"layer | face="Times New Roman Star"ñëîé | face="Times New Roman Star"qat (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qat (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kat | face="Times New Roman Star"qat | face="Times New Roman Star"qat (Houts., AH, IM, MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|t, dial. qe|t | face="Times New Roman Star"qat |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gat | face="Times New Roman Star"Gat | face="Times New Roman Star"xat |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qat |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xut | face="Times New Roman Star"xat 'double, X times' | face="Times New Roman Star"kat 'X times' | face="Times New Roman Star"qa't |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qat |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qat |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qat |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qat | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 241, ÝÑÒß 5, 335-336, TMN 3, 419, Stachowski 140, Àøì. XVI, 250-255, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 371-372. The original meaning must have been "one of two layers" - as witnessed by the Yak. meaning and by external evidence. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
