| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*dy:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 spirit, breath 2 rest 3 to rest 4 to pant 5 to breathe 6 quiet 7 sultriness | face="Times New Roman Star"1 дыхание, дух 2 отдых 3 отдыхать 4 задыхаться 5 дышать 6 спокойный 7 духота | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 (MK, KB), tyn 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, din-le- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 3 (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tin- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tin- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tync?-yx- 4, dinc? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dy:nc? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5, tyn-a-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5, tyn-a-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, 2, tyn- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tinc? 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@m 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ty:n 1, ty:n- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ty:n 1, ty:n- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 3, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys 1, tyn-s?-yq- 4, tyn-s?-a-j- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn-s-yw 7 | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tyn-c?-y- 'to rot, addle', tyn-c?-aj- 3, tyn-ym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"din-ne-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 5, tync 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys? 1, tyn-c?-aj- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 512, ЭСТЯ 3, 341-345, Мудрак Дисс. 38-39, Stachowski 238, 239. Some Oghuz reflexes have voiceless t-, probably because of Kypchak influence; still the reconstruction of *d- seems preferable. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dyn|la- / *din|le- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to listen 2 to hear 3 to consider, meditate | face="Times New Roman Star"1 слушать 2 слышать 3 размышлять, обдумывать | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"dinle- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|ma- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"din|le-, tyn|la- 1 (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tin|la- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tynna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dinla"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"din|le- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|na- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ъnla- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|s?a- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dinle-, tyn|la- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"The verbal stem *dyn|la- is derived from the noun *dyn| (OT tyn|, Turkm. din| 'reason, mind, cleverness'). See VEWT 478, EDT 522, ЭСТЯ 3, 236-237. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tyky- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to stuff in, press in | face="Times New Roman Star"набивать, вдавливать, втыкать | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyka- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tiq- | face="Times New Roman Star"tiq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tyx- | face="Times New Roman Star"dyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyx- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyqta- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dyg|y- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyg|y- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tyqa- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 477-478, EDT 465, ЭСТЯ 3, 337-340, Мудрак 75. The Turkm. form with a voiced d- is quite irregular and probably reflects a merger with *dik- `to insert, plant vertically'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dyrn|a-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"finger-nail, claw | face="Times New Roman Star"ноготь, коготь | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrn|aq (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrn|aq (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnak | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrn|aq/tyrn|ag| (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tirno|q | face="Times New Roman Star"tirnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"d@rmaq | face="Times New Roman Star"dyrnaG | face="Times New Roman Star"dyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrg|ax | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrg|aq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrGaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@rne | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|yrax | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|yrak | face="Times New Roman Star"dyrg|aq | face="Times New Roman Star"dyrg|aq 'comb' | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnax | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"z|yrna(:)x| | face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"Derived from PT *dyrn|a- 'to scratch, scrape'. See VEWT 465, 479, TMN 3, 200 (there are no reasons to postulate different roots here: we have obviously a case of a complicated behaviour of the medial -n|-); EDT 551, 549-50, ЭСТЯ III 345-349, Егоров 324, Дыбо 312, 323-325, Лексика 258, Stachowski 238. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dal/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"outer side | face="Times New Roman Star"наружный, снаружи | face="Times New Roman Star"tas? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tas? (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"dys? | face="Times New Roman Star"tys? | face="Times New Roman Star"tas? (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tas? | face="Times New Roman Star"tas | face="Times New Roman Star"dys?ary | face="Times New Roman Star"das? | face="Times New Roman Star"tas | face="Times New Roman Star"tas?ty 'exterior side' | face="Times New Roman Star"tys? | face="Times New Roman Star"tas? | face="Times New Roman Star"tol | face="Times New Roman Star"tas | face="Times New Roman Star"tas | face="Times New Roman Star"tys? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tys? | face="Times New Roman Star"tys | face="Times New Roman Star"tys | face="Times New Roman Star"tys? | face="Times New Roman Star"tys? | face="Times New Roman Star"dys?ar | face="Times New Roman Star"tys? | face="Times New Roman Star"tys | face="Times New Roman Star"das?y (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"tys? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 466, EDT 556-557, TMN 2, 511, ЭСТЯ 3, 164-167, Ашм. XIV, 115, Федотов 2, 243-244, Stachowski 218. -y- in some languages is not quite clear. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dul/a- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to hobble 2 hobble | face="Times New Roman Star"1 стреножить 2 путы |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tus? 'a belt buckle' (MK, KB), tus?a- 1 (KB), tus?aq 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dus?a- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tys?aw 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tus?a- 1, tus?aq 2 (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"tus?o|w 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?us?a"- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dus?aq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuza- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuz?a- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuz?a- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|lъw| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyhyta 'clothing buckle' (?) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"du`z?a- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"dus?a- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tus?a- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tusa- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tysaw 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tys?a- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tusa- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 3, 306, EDT 558 (OT tus? 'buckle'), 561, 562. Turk. > MMong. tus?ag|a, WMong. tus?a-, tusi- 'hobble', see Clark 1980, 42, Щербак 1997, 159, whence Evk. tusa: etc., see Doerfer MT 131, Аникин 190. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dyr/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to run away 2 to strive 3 to flounce, squib 4 to dash, race 5 tumble-weed | face="Times New Roman Star"1 убегать 2 стремиться, рваться 3 суетиться, метаться 4 мчаться 5 перекати-поле |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tyz-byz kil- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dyzyx- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"dyza- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tyz qoj- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyzylda- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyzban 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyzdap kit- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tyzylda- 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*topyk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 knee cap 2 knee 3 ankle-bone | face="Times New Roman Star"1 коленная чашечка 2 колено 3 лодыжка | face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (MK), 1 (KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"topuk 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) topuq (Houts., AH) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"to.piq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"to:q 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuG 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomyx 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dowuq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to'puq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489, EDT 437-8, Лексика 286, Stachowski 224. Both Ra"sa"nen and Clauson derive this word from PT *top 'pellet, round thing', but this is not likely because of external evidence. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Tokum | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"wheel hoop | face="Times New Roman Star"обод колеса |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tug|ym (dial. d-) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to.g|in |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"togъn |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tog|yn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tog|yn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tug|yn, dial. dug|yn | face="Times New Roman Star"tox|un 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tog|yn 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 483, 485, ЭСТЯ 8, Егоров 2256, Федотов 2, 242. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*toj | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"feast; community | face="Times New Roman Star"пир, праздник | face="Times New Roman Star"toj (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"toj (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj (Sangl., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.j | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toj |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"doj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"to"j (ССЯ) | face="Times New Roman Star"toj | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 567, Лексика 309. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dod- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"become satiated, full | face="Times New Roman Star"насыщаться, наполняться | face="Times New Roman Star"tod- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tod|- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.j- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toz- | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tos- | face="Times New Roman Star"tos- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tod- | face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|ran- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"to't- | face="Times New Roman Star"do't- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 483, EDT 451, ЭСТЯ 3, 251-252, Stachowski 227. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*do:l- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"full | face="Times New Roman Star"полный | face="Times New Roman Star"tolu (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tolu (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dolu | face="Times New Roman Star"tuly | face="Times New Roman Star"tola (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu.la | face="Times New Roman Star"tola, tolg|an | face="Times New Roman Star"tolo | face="Times New Roman Star"dolu | face="Times New Roman Star"do:ly | face="Times New Roman Star"tol- (v.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tol-dyr- (v.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tolo | face="Times New Roman Star"tu:ol- (v.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tol- (v.), tolli | face="Times New Roman Star"tuol- (v.), toloru | face="Times New Roman Star"tuol- (v.), toloru | face="Times New Roman Star"dolu | face="Times New Roman Star"dolu | face="Times New Roman Star"tolo | face="Times New Roman Star"toly | face="Times New Roman Star"toly | face="Times New Roman Star"tuly | face="Times New Roman Star"tolu | face="Times New Roman Star"dolu | face="Times New Roman Star"toly | face="Times New Roman Star"toly | face="Times New Roman Star"doli(:); t`oly (Kakuk); to:l- v. (ССЯ) | face="Times New Roman Star"tolu | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 486, EDT 491-492, ЭСТЯ 3, 257-259, Федотов 2, 242-243, Stachowski 226, 231. PT *do:l-y is derived from *do:l- 'to get filled'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tom- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 round, convex 2 ball, smth. round 3 somersault 4 thick, bulging 5 to swell | face="Times New Roman Star"1 круглый, выпуклый 2 шарик, кольцо 3 кувырком 4 толстый, пухлый 5 пухнуть, вздуваться |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tomak 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"to.mto|q 'stump, blunt' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tombul 4, dombalaG 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tommaq 'knob, round end of stick', dommar- / tommar- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomyr, tombyr 'blunt' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|mat 'stubby' | face="Times New Roman Star"tomtorg|o 'ring-formed ornament' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tompoq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tompaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tompaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomraj- (dial.) 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomalaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tombarlaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomalaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"dumalaq 1, tompaq 4, tompaj- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tombyx 'blunt' (Тен.ССЯ) | face="Times New Roman Star"tompaj- 5, tomaq 'blunt' | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 487, ЭСТЯ 3, 261-262. Variants with *d- in Oghuz are most probably expressive (or reflect a secondary assimilation *dom-ba- < *tom-ba-). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*topra-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"earth, soil | face="Times New Roman Star"земля, почва | face="Times New Roman Star"topraq (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"topraq (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"toprak | face="Times New Roman Star"tufraq | face="Times New Roman Star"toprag|/q, tofrag|/q (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tupro|q | face="Times New Roman Star"tofraq, topraq | face="Times New Roman Star"durvaq | face="Times New Roman Star"torpaG | face="Times New Roman Star"topraq | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyrax | face="Times New Roman Star"tobraq | face="Times New Roman Star"tobraq | face="Times New Roman Star"turpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|pra | face="Times New Roman Star"toburax |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dovuraq | face="Times New Roman Star"to'praq | face="Times New Roman Star"topuraq | face="Times New Roman Star"topyraq | face="Times New Roman Star"topyraq | face="Times New Roman Star"tupraq | face="Times New Roman Star"topraq | face="Times New Roman Star"topraq | face="Times New Roman Star"topraq, toprax | face="Times New Roman Star"topyraq | face="Times New Roman Star"to(:)ryx| | face="Times New Roman Star"topraq | face="Times New Roman Star"Derived from PT *topra- 'to turn into dust, dry out'. See VEWT 489, EDT 443, 444, Лексика 99. Turk. > WMong. tobrag, Kalm. towr@g (KW 404). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Tok | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 hummel 2 base of a horn 3 with a shaved head | face="Times New Roman Star"1 комолый 2 основание рога 3 бритоголовый |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toq 3 (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toqal (R) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to.qo|l 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"? toq 'Gipfel, Spitze' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toqpaq 'куцый' (хвост), doqpaq 'корноухий' | face="Times New Roman Star"? to'q 'крупный о шарообразном' | face="Times New Roman Star"toqol 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqal, toqalaq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuqal 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 'с тупым концом' | face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485, 486 (but not < Mong., despite Ra"sa"nen); EDT 464. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*doku- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to weave | face="Times New Roman Star"ткать | face="Times New Roman Star"toqu- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"toqu- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"doku- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"toqu- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.qi- | face="Times New Roman Star"toqu- | face="Times New Roman Star"toqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"toxu- | face="Times New Roman Star"doqa- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toqu- | face="Times New Roman Star"toqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"toqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"? tog|ustun 'назв. дерева, из кот. делают челноки' | face="Times New Roman Star"doqu- | face="Times New Roman Star"toxy- | face="Times New Roman Star"toqy- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 484-5, EDT 467, ЭСТЯ 3, 253-254 (to distinguish from *toky- 'to beat'), Лексика 395. Turk. > WMong. toki-, Kalm. tok@- 'to plait' (KW 398). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tokly | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lamb (6m. old) | face="Times New Roman Star"ягненок до полугода |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toqly (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"toklu | face="Times New Roman Star"tuqty; tug|ys? 'a 1-year-old elk' (КСТТ) | face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly (Pav. C.),(MKypch.) toqly (Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.qli |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toqty | face="Times New Roman Star"toGlu | face="Times New Roman Star"toqly |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal' | face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal' | face="Times New Roman Star"tog|du; tos? '1-year-old elk' | face="Times New Roman Star"dos? '1-year-old elk' (Рас. ФиЛ) | face="Times New Roman Star"toqtu | face="Times New Roman Star"toqty | face="Times New Roman Star"toqly | face="Times New Roman Star"tuqty | face="Times New Roman Star"toqlu | face="Times New Roman Star"toqlu |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toqly |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toqlu | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485, TMN 2, 524, EDT 469, Лексика 434, Stachowski 229. Turk. > Hung. toklyo/ 'lamb', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*toky- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to hit, knock, strike 2 mallet | face="Times New Roman Star"1 бить, ударять 2 молот 3 трогать, касаться | face="Times New Roman Star"toqy- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.), toqymaq 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"toqy- 1 (MK, KB), toqymaq 2 (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"tokus?- 1, doku- 1 (dial.), dokun- 3, tokmak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuqy- 1, tuqyn- 3, tuqmaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqun- 3 (Pav. C.), toqmaq 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.qin- 3, to.qmo|q | face="Times New Roman Star"toqun- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toGGus?- 1, toxun- 3, tox|maG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqmaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tog|as- 'to hit upon > meet', toxpax 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tog|as?- 'to meet' | face="Times New Roman Star"toqul-da- 1, toqpoq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqu- 1, toqun- 3, toqmaq 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toqqu-la- 1, tonur- 3 (< dhon-ur-), doqpaq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toqmoq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqyl-da- 1, toqpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuqylda- 1, tuqmaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqmaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"doqun- 3, toqmaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqys?- 'to clink (glasses)', toqyn- 3, toqmaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toqylda- 1, toqpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"toxmax 2 (ССЯ) | face="Times New Roman Star"toqala- 1, toqmaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 484-485, TMN 2, 629, EDT 467, 470, ЭСТЯ 3, 253-254, 256-257. The variants with *d- may be archaic, see below. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*to:r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"dust | face="Times New Roman Star"пыль | face="Times New Roman Star"toz (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"toz (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"tuzan | face="Times New Roman Star"toz (Sangl.), tos (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.zo|n | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"tos | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"to:z, tozan | face="Times New Roman Star"tozyn | face="Times New Roman Star"tozun | face="Times New Roman Star"tozyn |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"tozan | face="Times New Roman Star"tud|an |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to:z | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"toz |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 492, EDT 580-1, Лексика 99-100. Cf. also Yak. tor 'soot'. Despite Лексика, the stem tozan is rather not a deverbative in -g|an from the verb toz- (cf. the absence of any traces of -g|-), but a denominative (like er - eren); this would explain the lack of length in Turkm. This may also be a noun in -n derived from a denominative verb in -а- (Turkm. toza- 'to become dusty', also without length). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tepo" (-u") | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hill, top; top of head | face="Times New Roman Star"холм, вершина | face="Times New Roman Star"to"pu" | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe (Tefs.), to"pu" (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe, dial. depe | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"be| | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe, to"pe (MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tepa | face="Times New Roman Star"to"pa" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ta"pa" | face="Times New Roman Star"depe |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"b@, to"be (NW) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" | face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" | face="Times New Roman Star"t`ej |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo" | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"be| | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"tepe | face="Times New Roman Star"tebe | face="Times New Roman Star"to"be |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"be | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 494, 505, TMN 2, 450-452, EDT 436, ЭСТЯ 3, 197-199, Лексика 201, Stachowski 227. The original meaning was probably 'crest, top of head': cf. Kirgh. tu"po"k 'бунчук', Chuv. t@w|bek 'crest, top of head'. Forms with d- in Oghuz may be a trace of a different root (see below); but Kirgh. do"bo" and Uygh. do"wa" are most probably < Mong. do"be. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
