| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:.c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hunger | face="Times New Roman Star"ãîëîä | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"az?| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az?| | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c?, o|:c?u- | face="Times New Roman Star"vyz/ú | face="Times New Roman Star"a:s | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?-c?yk 'hungry' | face="Times New Roman Star"as? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17, VEWT 3, ÝÑÒß 1, 208-209, Stachowski 28. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bat- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sink 2 to fit into, get into | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîãðóæàòüñÿ 2 ïîïàäàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo|t- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat-, pat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"pat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"pat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"pat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"pat- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"pot- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 2, batary 'into, deep into' | face="Times New Roman Star"batary 'into, deep into' | face="Times New Roman Star"ba't- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba't- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"pat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 298, VEWT 65, ÝÑÒß 2, 78-80, TMN 2, 230-231, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 455, Stachowski 55. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ba.t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to hide, conceal (trans.) 2 to hide (intr.) 3 to get lost | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðÿòàòü, ñêðûâàòü 2 ïðÿòàòüñÿ 3 òåðÿòüñÿ |
| face="Times New Roman Star"batur- (MK) 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bo|t- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"pat- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"pydar- 1, pydan- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bat- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"Åãîðîâ 173, Ôåäîòîâ I 466-467, EDT 308, ÝÑÒß 2, 78-79: the root should be distinguished from *bat- 'to sink' (v. sub *pa\t`a/). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*byt | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"louse | face="Times New Roman Star"âîøü | face="Times New Roman Star"bit (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bit (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"bet | face="Times New Roman Star"bit (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"pit | face="Times New Roman Star"bys?t | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"p@t | face="Times New Roman Star"pit | face="Times New Roman Star"bijt | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"pyjdú | face="Times New Roman Star"byt |
| face="Times New Roman Star"by't | face="Times New Roman Star"by't | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"bi_t | face="Times New Roman Star"bijt | face="Times New Roman Star"bet | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"bit/ | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"bijt | face="Times New Roman Star"bis?t | face="Times New Roman Star"bit | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 76, EDT 296, ÝÑÒß 2, 151-152, Ëåêñèêà 182. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to end, accomplish 2 to be ended 3 to create, build 4 to heal 5 to grow, ripen | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîí÷àòü, çàâåðøàòü 2 êîí÷àòüñÿ 3 ñîçäàâàòü, ñòðîèòü 4 çàæèâàòü 5 âûðàñòàòü, âûçðåâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bet- 2, bet-e|s?- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"pyt-, put- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 3, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"pu"d-u"r- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bo"t- 2, bo"t-o"s?- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5; 'to close' | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"pit- 2, 4, 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 93, TMN 2, 267, EDT 298-9, 306, ÝÑÒß 2, 152-154, 302-303, Stachowski 68. Cf. also PT *bu"tu"n 'all, whole' - a derivative from *bu"t-. Turk. > Mong. *bu"te-, *bu"tu"- (KW 69-70, TMN 2, 268-269, Ùåðáàê 1997, 111). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bin/r/ (*bin|r/) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"awl | face="Times New Roman Star"øèëî |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"bez | face="Times New Roman Star"biz (MA), bigiz (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bigiz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"pyz-, puz- | face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"bijz/bi:z | face="Times New Roman Star"p@s | face="Times New Roman Star"pis | face="Times New Roman Star"mis |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bis | face="Times New Roman Star"bis | face="Times New Roman Star"miz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz, dial. bigiz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"bed| | face="Times New Roman Star"miz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 75, ÝÑÒß 2, 130-131, TMN 2, 311. The Chag. form bigiz is quite strange: perhaps it is a result of denasalization of *bin|iz < *bin|r/ (this would then suggest a velar nasal in the root). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 thigh 2 leg, foot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áåäðî 2 íîãà | face="Times New Roman Star"but (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (Abush., Sangl.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 'groin' | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bud 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 297, ÝÑÒß 2, 280-281, Ëåêñèêà 282, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"steam, fog | face="Times New Roman Star"ïàð, òóìàí |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu 'aroma' (poet.), bug|u 'steam' | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, bu-la-n- 'to vaporize' | face="Times New Roman Star"bug| (Sangl., Pav. C.), mug| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bug|, bug|-la- 'to steam' | face="Times New Roman Star"bug| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buG | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:G |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"buu |
| face="Times New Roman Star"púw|v |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bu: | face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buw-la- 'to steam', bu-la- 'to treat with steam (medically)' | face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buwaldyr 'hoar-frost' | face="Times New Roman Star"byw | face="Times New Roman Star"buwaq 'hoar-frost' | face="Times New Roman Star"bu: | face="Times New Roman Star"buv | face="Times New Roman Star"puw |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bug|aq 'hoar-frost' | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 292, VEWT 86, ÝÑÒß 2, 229-230, Ëåêñèêà 37. The behaviour of final -g after a long vowel is probably regular (although this combination is rather rare). Turk. > MMong. bug| (ÀÔÌ) 'steam' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 163). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bur(a)- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to twist, wind round | face="Times New Roman Star"êðóòèòü, âåðòåòü, ïîâîðà÷èâàòü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bor- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- (Sangl., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"pur- | face="Times New Roman Star"pur- | face="Times New Roman Star"buru- | face="Times New Roman Star"burq- 'âûâåðíóòü ðóêó' | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|r- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bor- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 89, EDT 355, ÝÑÒß 2, 264-267. Turk. *bur(g)agu > Kalm. burg|u:, see KW 62. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu(-n) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"this | face="Times New Roman Star"ýòîò | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, bun- (Orkh.), bu, mun- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"pu | face="Times New Roman Star"pu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bo |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu (mun-) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo | face="Times New Roman Star"bo | face="Times New Roman Star"bu(l) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"by-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, vu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 85, EDT 291-292, ÝÑÒß 2, 225-228, Stachowski 63. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:(n)r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ice | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåä |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"boz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz, muz (Abush., MA, Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"pyz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:z | face="Times New Roman Star"pus | face="Times New Roman Star"mus |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buza"k | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"mu:s, bu:s | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bod| | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 91, EDT 389, ÝÑÒß 2, 238-239, Ëåêñèêà 17-18, TMN 2, 336, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*da:t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to taste 2 taste 3 sweet, tasty 4 to get accustomed | face="Times New Roman Star"1 èìåòü âêóñ (1à ïðîáîâàòü íà âêóñ) 2 âêóñ 3 ñëàäêèé, âêóñíûé 4 ïðèâûêàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1a (OUygh.), tatyg| 2 (OUygh.), tatyg|-lyg| 3 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tat-lyg| 3 (MK), taty- 1 (MK, KB), tatyg| 2 (MK, KB), tatyg|-lyg| 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- (tatar) 1a, tat (-d-), tadym, tatyk 2, tatly 3, dad-a- 'to bait, lure', dad-a-n- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1a, tat 2, tatly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1a (Abush., Pav. C., Sangl.), tat 2 (Sangl.), tat-lyg|3 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|t- 1a, tati- 1, 1a to|t 2, to|tli 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"teti- 1, 1a, tatq 2, tatliq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"taty- 1 a, tatyg| 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dad- 1a, dad 2, dadly 3, dadan- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"da:t/d- 1a, da:t 2, da:t-ly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tady- 1, tadyg| 2, tadylyg| 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tatqy 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tatu 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:t- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuda-l- 1, tuda-n- 1a, todú 2, tut-lú 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1 a, taty- 1, tatyq 2, tattuw 3, tatq-a-n- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1 a, ta"tti 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1 a, tatyq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"taty- 1a, tat 2, tatly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1 a, tatyw 2, tatly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dat- 1a, dat 2, datly 3, dad-a-n- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1a, taty- 1, 1a, tat (K), tatuv (T,H,K) 2, tatly (T,H,K) 3, tatan- (K) 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1 a, taty- 1, 1a, tatly 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"taty- 1, tatyw 2, tatli 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 466, EDT 449-450, 452, 454, ÝÑÒß 3, 162-164, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 256-257. Oghuz (Osman) devoicing is secondary. Turk. > Mong. *tati- > tac?i(ja)- 'become accustomed' (KW 385) > TM tati- id. (ÒÌÑ 2, 170.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ta:m | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 roof 2 wall 3 hut | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûøà 2 ñòåíà 3 õèáàðà | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (MK), 1 (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (ÊÑÒÒ) | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 1 (Abush.), 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|m 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:m 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'layer (of earth)' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"da:%m 1 ( < Ogh.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'dug-out, grave' | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dam 'shed, barn' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'hut' | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 459 (the root has an irregular *t-/*d- variation), Ëåêñèêà 529. TMN 2, No 834. Turk. > Bao. dem 'wall'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dam | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 drop 2 to drop | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êàïëÿ 2 êàïàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 1 (Abush.), tam- 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|m- | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dam- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tom-la- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tammax 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dam-dy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam-dy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dam-na 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 459, EDT 503, ÝÑÒß 3, 139-140, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 245. There is also a variant *dym 'wetness' (ÝÑÒß 3, 294). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dart- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to pull; to hang | face="Times New Roman Star"òÿíóòü; ïîäâåøèâàòü, âçâåøèâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|rt- | face="Times New Roman Star"ta(r)t- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"dart- | face="Times New Roman Star"dart-, tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tort- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"ty'rt- | face="Times New Roman Star"ty'rt- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"dart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"ta't- (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 465, EDT 534, ÝÑÒß 3, 154-156, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 254, Stachowski 218. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Tin|(mi) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 sound 2 to talk 3 to grumble | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çâóê 2 ãîâîðèòü 3 âîð÷àòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"[tynma 'do not speak' (MK - Oghuz.)] | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 2, Osm. tyn-, dyn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-syz 'wordless' | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tyn- 2 (Houts.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"din- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"t@mel- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?@n- 2, c?@m-s@r 'wordless' | face="Times New Roman Star"tin|ij- 'to produce loud thumping sounds' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"din|mi 'rumble, thunder' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 86, EDT 514. Clauson regards the Oghuz verb as a metaphor from tyn- 'breathe', which is hardly the case (although some contaminations with this root, as well as with *Tim- 'silent', were possible). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*don| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 cold 2 frost 3 frozen 4 freeze, be frozen | face="Times New Roman Star"1 õîëîäíûé 2 ìîðîç 3 çàìåðçøèé 4 çàìåðçàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ton| 2, 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"don 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tun| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4 (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"don 2, don- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"to:-r- 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"túw|m 2 'frost' | face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ton| 2, ton|- 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 488, EDT 513, 515, ÝÑÒß 3, 265-267, Ëåêñèêà 17, Stachowski 226. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 peace 2 people, country | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìèð 2 íàðîä, ñòðàíà | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"el 1, 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"il, el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il (AH), el (Abush., Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il, a"l 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i:l 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iel 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 121-122, VEWT 39, TMN 2, 194, ÝÑÒß 1, 339-343, Åãîðîâ 352, Ëåêñèêà 316. The meaning "peace" attested in MK is probably the most archaic (cf. the external parallels; typologically cf. also Slavic *mirú 'peace' > 'world'), suggesting a development *'peace' > 'peaceful people, realm, country'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to go down | face="Times New Roman Star"ñïóñêàòüñÿ, èäòè âíèç | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"in-, dial. en- | face="Times New Roman Star"in-, in|- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (MA, IM, Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"in- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.n- | face="Times New Roman Star"an- | face="Times New Roman Star"enie |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en-, dial. en|- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"in- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jin- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"in- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 43, ÝÑÒß 1, 353-354, Åãîðîâ 26. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"breadth, width | face="Times New Roman Star"øèðèíà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"in| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"a"n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"i:n | face="Times New Roman Star"in |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"n, ha":n | face="Times New Roman Star"an | face="Times New Roman Star"ien | face="Times New Roman Star"ien |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"in| | face="Times New Roman Star"en |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"en |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 165, VEWT 43, ÝÑÒß 1, 352, Åãîðîâ 26, Stachowski 122. |
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