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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*jogurganface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"blanketface="Times New Roman Star"îäåÿëîface="Times New Roman Star"jog|urqan (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jog|urqan (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jorg|anface="Times New Roman Star"jurg|anface="Times New Roman Star"jorg|an (Ettuhf.), jurg|an (Houts.), jawurqan (MA)
face="Times New Roman Star"jo(r)tqan
face="Times New Roman Star"jorg|anface="Times New Roman Star"jorg|anface="Times New Roman Star"c?org|an
face="Times New Roman Star"d/u:rqanface="Times New Roman Star"jorg|a:n
face="Times New Roman Star"suorg|anface="Times New Roman Star"huorgan, suorganface="Times New Roman Star"c?o:rg|an
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u:rqan
face="Times New Roman Star"jurqan, juwyrqanface="Times New Roman Star"jurg|anface="Times New Roman Star"z?|uwurg|an, z?|u:rg|an, z?uwurg|an, zuwurg|anface="Times New Roman Star"jorg|anface="Times New Roman Star"jorg|an
face="Times New Roman Star"jorg|anface="Times New Roman Star"jowurg|anface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 907, VEWT 205, ÝÑÒß 4, 225-226, Stachowski 112.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jog-urtface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"curdled, coagulated milkface="Times New Roman Star"êèñëîå, ñâåðíóâøååñÿ ìîëîêîface="Times New Roman Star"jog|rot, jurg|ut, jug|rut (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jug|rut, jog|urt (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jog|urt, jourt
face="Times New Roman Star"jag|urt (Houts., AH)face="Times New Roman Star"z?|urg|o|t (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"jog|urt, jug|urtface="Times New Roman Star"jog|urtface="Times New Roman Star"jog|urt




face="Times New Roman Star"suorat


face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u:rat
face="Times New Roman Star"juwyrt
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|uwurt, z?uwurt, zuwurtface="Times New Roman Star"ju:rt


face="Times New Roman Star"juwurtface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 905, ÝÑÒß 4, 207-208. For semantic reasons derivation from *jogur- 'to knead' (TMN 4, 173) seems hardly plausible.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"genface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bridleface="Times New Roman Star"óçäå÷êà
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"go"n (MK, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"ojanface="Times New Roman Star"jo"ga"nface="Times New Roman Star"ujan (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"juganface="Times New Roman Star"ju"ga"nface="Times New Roman Star"jug|yn (ßÆÓ)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ja"nface="Times New Roman Star"u"jen, ujanface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"genface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"genface="Times New Roman Star"u"jgen
face="Times New Roman Star"j@w|venface="Times New Roman Star"u":n
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"g|en
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"go"nface="Times New Roman Star"z?u"genface="Times New Roman Star"ju"wenface="Times New Roman Star"ju"ga"nface="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"gen
face="Times New Roman Star"ijgen, ju"genface="Times New Roman Star"z?u"wen
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"genface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 212, EDT 913, ÝÑÒß 1, 577, Åãîðîâ 77, Ëåêñèêà 556.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"gu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 millet 2 sorgho 3 corn, maizeface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðîñî 2 ñîðãî 3 êóêóðóçàface="Times New Roman Star"u"ju"r (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"gu"r, u"gu"r (MK), ju"r (KB) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|o"ga"ra" 2









face="Times New Roman Star"vir 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"re 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u":rgene 'a k. of buckwheat'
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"go"ru" 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"geri 3

face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"geri 3

face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"weri 2, 3

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 275, Ëåêñèêà 458. Turk. > Mong. z?|u"gu"r, Pers. z?|uva:ri:.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 load 2 to load, carryface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóç, òÿæåñòü 2 íàãðóæàòü, âåçòèface="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1, ju"-d- 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1, ju"-d|- 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"jo"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1 (Houts., AH)face="Times New Roman Star"juk 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"j- 2, ju"k, d/u"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|k 1face="Times New Roman Star"su"k- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"`k 1, c?u"du"r- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"jo"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"k, z?u"k, zu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k, juk, jik, ik 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ju"k, juk 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 885, 910, VEWT 212, ÝÑÒß 4, 262-263, Ëåêñèêà 520.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju":r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hundredface="Times New Roman Star"ñòîface="Times New Roman Star"ju"z (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zface="Times New Roman Star"jo"zface="Times New Roman Star"ju"z (MA, AH)face="Times New Roman Star"juzface="Times New Roman Star"juzface="Times New Roman Star"juz, jo"zface="Times New Roman Star"ju"zface="Times New Roman Star"ju":zface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"sface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"sface="Times New Roman Star"ju"s, d/u"sface="Times New Roman Star"ju":zface="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|rface="Times New Roman Star"su":sface="Times New Roman Star"hu":sface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"sface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"sface="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zface="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zface="Times New Roman Star"ju"zface="Times New Roman Star"jo"d|face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"z, zu"zface="Times New Roman Star"u"zface="Times New Roman Star"ju"z, juz/, jiz, izface="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zface="Times New Roman Star"ju"zface="Times New Roman Star"ju"z, juzface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 983, VEWT 213, ÝÑÒß 4, 260 (Turkm. ju"z), Ëåêñèêà 574, Stachowski 117.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to swim, floatface="Times New Roman Star"ïëàâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-face="Times New Roman Star"jo"z-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (AH, Ettuhf.), u"z- (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"juz-face="Times New Roman Star"u"z-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"z-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"s-face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"s-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"s-, d/u"s-

face="Times New Roman Star"so"tu"o" 'bathing', so"tu"o"le:- 'to bathe'face="Times New Roman Star"ho"tu"o"le:-, hu"to"l- 'to bathe'

face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"z-face="Times New Roman Star"z?uz-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-face="Times New Roman Star"jo"d|-face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"z-, z?u"z-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-, u"z-face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"z-
face="Times New Roman Star"juz-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 214, EDT 984, ÝÑÒß 4, 261.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 finger ring 2 joint 3 stirrup (*u"r/en|gu" < *ju"r/en|gu")face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëüöî (íà ïàëåö) 2 ñóñòàâ (ïàëüöåâûé) 3 ñòðåìÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1 (MK), u"zen|u" 3 (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1, u"zengi 3face="Times New Roman Star"jo"zek 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1 (AH, Ettuhf.), u"zu"k 1 (Pav. C., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"uzuk 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1, u"zen|n|i 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"stu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"stu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"stu"k, d/u"stu"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|r@w| 1, júrana 3face="Times New Roman Star"su"hu"o"x 2, ihen|e 3face="Times New Roman Star"hu"hu"o"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"'stu"k 1, c?u"s 2
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zik 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zik 1face="Times New Roman Star"jo"d|o"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zu"k, zu"zu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k, u"zu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k, u"zu"k, ezik, izik 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zik 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 986, VEWT 214, TMN 2, 146,147-148, ÝÑÒß 1, 623-625, 4, 260, 261-262, Åãîðîâ 212, Ëåêñèêà 548-549, Stachowski 115. Turk. > Hung. gyu/ /ru? (see Lig. MNyTK 77-79). The reason of *j- > 0- in the PT name of "stirrup" ( < *"ring-formed") is unclear (irregular change in a long form?).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/u"mface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"grapeface="Times New Roman Star"âèíîãðàäface="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m (OUygh. - med.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m (MK), ju"zu"m (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"jo"zemface="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m (Pav. C.), ju"zu"m (Houts.)face="Times New Roman Star"uzumface="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"u"c?u"m (< Mong.?)face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m



face="Times New Roman Star"iz/@m



face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zimface="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"ju"zimface="Times New Roman Star"jo"d|o"mface="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"izim, ju"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zim
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"mface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 288, VEWT 214, ÝÑÒß 1, 625, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 173. Turk. > Mong. u"z?|u"m 'grapes', see TMN 2, 54, Clark 1980, 40.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ysyr-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to biteface="Times New Roman Star"êóñàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-
face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-, ysur- 'to bite, to eat' (Abush., Sangl.)




face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr-



face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:-face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:-face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr-face="Times New Roman Star"y'syr-face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-




face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-

face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 167, EDT 251, ÝÑÒß 1, 671-672, Stachowski 262, 263.
face="Times New Roman Star"*me:me (*be:me)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 breast (fem.) 2 nipple 3(poet.) breastface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü (æ.) 2 ñîñîê 3 ãðóäü (ïîýò.) 4 ñîñêà

face="Times New Roman Star"meme 1, Old Osm. memek (17th c.)face="Times New Roman Star"me|mi, me|me|j 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ma":me 3


face="Times New Roman Star"ma":ma"k
face="Times New Roman Star"me:me: 4




face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ma"mma" 1

face="Times New Roman Star"An onomatopoetic root. See VEWT 333, ÝÑÒß VII.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jak-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (tr.) 2 light, ray 3 to produce fireface="Times New Roman Star"1 æå÷ü 2 ñâåò, ëó÷ 3 âûñåêàòü îãîíü
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jak- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jag|- 1, jaqty 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|q- 1, jo|g|du 2face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jax- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jag|ty 2


face="Times New Roman Star"ja:q- 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/ot- 1, s/o-dú 2face="Times New Roman Star"saq- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'q- 3face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jaqty 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1, z?aqty 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 180, TMN 4, 201-202, EDT 897, ÝÑÒß 4, 62, 81-82, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 146, Ëåêñèêà 362. This stem should be distinguished from *jan- 'to burn (intr.)'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pek
face="Times New Roman Star"1 dog 2 hound 3 sheep-dog 4 yard dog 5 puppyface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîáàêà 2 îõîòíè÷èé ïåñ 3 îâ÷àðêà 4 äâîðîâàÿ ñîáàêà 5 ùåíîê
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1, go"belek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek (Pav. C., AH) 1, ko"belek 2 (OKypch.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko.ppa"k 1; ko"pa"k 1 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pa"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"k 'ethnonym; name of a hero'






face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe 1 (K)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"belek 3, go"ben it 4face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, TMN 3, 646-647, ÝÑÒß 5, 111-112, Ëåêñèêà 189. Basically an Oghuz word, but cf. also Kum. go"ben, OKypch. ko"belek 'shepherd's dog' (Bulgat, ad-Durr., Houts., AH) = Tur. dial. go"belek 'puppy' (possibly < Kypch.), see ÝÑÒß ibid. Despite ÝÑÒß, Kirgh. qara ko"bo"lo"k 'evil spirit appearing as a girl dressed in black and with a black greyhound' is rather = ko"bo"lo"k 'butterfly' (cf. the archaic mythological motive of evil spirit appearing as a butterfly), but a contamination with the word for dog attested in Old Kypchak also cannot be excluded. However, Kalm. ko"wl@g 'greyhound' is not < Kirgh., but from Old Kypchak. The same source is probable for Russ. êîáåëü, dimin. êîáåëå'ê (a re-analysis?) - the word is absent in other Slavic languages, the list of absolutely hopeless etymological attempts can be found in Ôàñìåð II 267. It was attested for the first time in 1599 as a term for a hounting hound: ó ãîñóäàðåâû öàðåâû îõîòû ó êîáåëåé ó ìåäåëÿíñêèõú; the form êîáåëåê (attested in 1673) see in ÑÐß XI-XVIII, 7, 208. Turk. > Hung. kopo/ 'bloodhound', see Gombocz 1912 (Doerfer in TMN 3, 647 objects, but the word has no Finno-Ugric etymology).
face="Times New Roman Star"*el, -igface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"handface="Times New Roman Star"ðóêàface="Times New Roman Star"elig (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"elig (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"el
face="Times New Roman Star"el, elig (Abush., MA, Áîð. Áàä., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"ilik (arch.)face="Times New Roman Star"ilik (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ylyg|face="Times New Roman Star"a"lface="Times New Roman Star"el
face="Times New Roman Star"ilik (Âåðá.), ilgilik 'mitten'
face="Times New Roman Star"a"`lface="Times New Roman Star"alúface="Times New Roman Star"ili:, eli:face="Times New Roman Star"ili:
face="Times New Roman Star"eldik 'mitten'




face="Times New Roman Star"jel/

face="Times New Roman Star"el
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 39, EDT 140-1, ÝÑÒß 1, 260-261, Ëåêñèêà 251, Åãîðîâ 24, Stachowski 125-126.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?okface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 many, very 2 vile, hooligan 3 to gather, multiply 4 group, crowdface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìíîãî, î÷åíü 2 äóðíîé, õóëèãàí, áàëîâíèê 3 ñîáèðàòü(ñÿ), ðàçìíîæàòü(ñÿ) 4 òîëïà, ìíîæåñòâî
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1 (ÄÒÑ - KB), c?o:q 2 (MK - Oghuz), c?og|-al- 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?ok (-g|u) 1, c?og|al- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1 (Sangl., Oghuz-nama, AH), c?oq- 3 (Abush.)


face="Times New Roman Star"c?ox 1, c?oxal- 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq (-qu) 4face="Times New Roman Star"sox 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq- 3



face="Times New Roman Star"s?og| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?og|yr 4face="Times New Roman Star"s?oq 'äðóæíî'

face="Times New Roman Star"c?oju 4, c?oq-la-n- 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1, c?og|y 4 (K)face="Times New Roman Star"s?oq 2, 4

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 113, EDT 405, 406. The Oghuz adverb 'much', in the 12th c. (KB) 'very, extremely', is probably the same word as c?oq 'bad, vile'(Ogh. 11) (cf. also the Tuva parallel). Turk. > Mong. (Khalkha) cox in cox xara 'very black'. The identification of c?oq-(la-) 'gather, collect' with c?og|-la- 'to bind, pack' (ÄÒÑ) or c?oq- 'to bend' (EDT) is rather dubious. Vocalic length is unclear (cf. the voicing of -k- in Western Oghuz).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"rootface="Times New Roman Star"êîðåíü
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (AH, Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"k



face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|k (Anatri)

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'k

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"k

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, EDT 708, TMN 3, 598, ÝÑÒß 5, 91-92, Ëåêñèêà 109.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jumurface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bowels, intestinesface="Times New Roman Star"êèøêè, âíóòðåííîñòè
face="Times New Roman Star"jumur (MK)














face="Times New Roman Star"c?umur 'maw'face="Times New Roman Star"n/umur 'maw'









face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 937-8. Historically the root should be probably kept distinct from *jum- 'round' and *jumurtka 'egg' - although internal contaminations were of course inevitable.
face="Times New Roman Star"*s[e]go"l ( / *so"gil)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wartface="Times New Roman Star"áîðîäàâêàface="Times New Roman Star"so"go"l (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"sigil (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sigilface="Times New Roman Star"so"ja"lface="Times New Roman Star"sigil, su"ku"l, su"ja"l (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"suga"lface="Times New Roman Star"so"ga"l
face="Times New Roman Star"zijilface="Times New Roman Star"sin|n|ilface="Times New Roman Star"so":l
face="Times New Roman Star"so":lface="Times New Roman Star"sijilface="Times New Roman Star"s?úw|klúw|, s?@w|g@w|l (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"so":lface="Times New Roman Star"so":lface="Times New Roman Star"so":lface="Times New Roman Star"su"jelface="Times New Roman Star"s?u"jelface="Times New Roman Star"hu">ja"l

face="Times New Roman Star"su"velface="Times New Roman Star"s?u"jel
face="Times New Roman Star"su"jelface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 429, EDT 820, ÝÑÒß 7. Some irregularities are due to the root's expressive nature.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAk-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to come near 2 near 3 to come near to each other, pass 3 goodface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðèáëèæàòüñÿ 2 áëèçêèé 3 ïðèáëèæàòüñÿ, ïîäõîäèòü 4 õîðîøèéface="Times New Roman Star"jaq- (OUygh.) 1, jaqyn (OUygh.) 2, jaqys?- (OUygh.) 3face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- (MK, KB) 1, jaqyn (MK) 2, jaqys?- (MK) 3, jax|s?y (MK) 4face="Times New Roman Star"jakyn 2, jakys?- 3, jaks?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaxs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn (MA) 2, jax|s?y 4 (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"jaqin 2, jaxs?i 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jeqin 2, jaqs?i 4face="Times New Roman Star"jahGyn 2, jaxs?(i) 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaxyn 2, jaxs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jaqy:n 2, jaGs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|yn 2, c?axsy 4





face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|y: 'close to'face="Times New Roman Star"c?y'xa- 'to press to'face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aqyn 2, z?|aqs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"z?aqyn 2, z?aqsy 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaxs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaqs?y 4
face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaqys?- 3face="Times New Roman Star"jaqyn 2, jaqs?y 4face="Times New Roman Star"z?aqyn 2, z?aqsy 4face="Times New Roman Star"jax|yn 2, jax|s?y 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 178, 180, EDT 896-9, 901, 904, 908-9, ÝÑÒß 4, 63-64, 81, 84, TMN 4, 179.
face="Times New Roman Star"*em-ig, *em-c?ekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 breast (fem.) 2 to suck 3 nippleface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü (æåí.) 2 ñîñàòü 3 ñîñîêface="Times New Roman Star"emig 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"e.m- 2 (MK), e.mig 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emz?|ik 1face="Times New Roman Star"im- 2, imc?e|k 1face="Times New Roman Star"e.m- 2 (Pav. C.), emc?ek 1 (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"emc?ak 1face="Times New Roman Star"a"m- 2, a"mc?a"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"emyg| 1face="Times New Roman Star"a"mz?|a"k 3face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emz?|ek 1face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, imz?|ek 1

face="Times New Roman Star"a"m- 2face="Times New Roman Star"@w|m- 2face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emi:j 1face="Times New Roman Star"emij 1face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emig 1face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emij 'udder'face="Times New Roman Star"emc?ek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ems?ek 1face="Times New Roman Star"imsa"k 1


face="Times New Roman Star"ems?ek 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 41-2, EDT 158-9, ÝÑÒß 1, 271-272, Åãîðîâ 63, Ëåêñèêà 273-274, Stachowski 45. PT *em-ig and *em-c?ek (the latter form is first attested in the 13th c.) are derived from *em- 'to suck'.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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