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| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 hoar-frost 2 thin snow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 èíåé 2 òîíêèé ñíåã | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrag|u 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrag|u 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kyrag|u 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw 1, qyrpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw (Áîð. Áàä., Abush.), qirau, qirag|u (Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qiro|w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qija, qira, qiro 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gyrow 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gyraw 1, Gyrpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xro 1, xyrbyx 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyra: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"quru 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"x@rb@x 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kyrya 1, ky:rpax, kyrpaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kyrya 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xyra: 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyro: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw 1, qyrpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw 1, qyrpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw 1, qyrpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qrau 1, qyrpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qra: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw, qoruw 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyraw 1, qyrpaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 265-266, 267, EDT 656, ÝÑÒß 6, 230-231, 241, Stachowski 169. Turk. > MMong. (HY) kira'u, WMong. kirag|u, Khalkha x/aru: 'hoar-frost' etc. (see Doerfer TMN 3, 569, Ùåðáàê 1997, 138, Clark 1977, 147, although the latter's derivation of *kyragu < *kyr 'grey' is hardly acceptable). Cf. also PT *Kyr-lac? 'the coldest time of winter' (see ÝÑÒß 6, 237-238). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyrk- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to shear, scrape | face="Times New Roman Star"ñòðè÷ü, ñêðåñòè | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kyrk- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- (AH, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qirq- | face="Times New Roman Star"qi(r)q- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gyrx- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"xyryx- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq-, qyrqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kyrt- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrg|y- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 651, VEWT 266, ÝÑÒß 6, 236-237. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyrk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"forty | face="Times New Roman Star"ñîðîê | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kyrk | face="Times New Roman Star"qyryq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq (AH, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qirq | face="Times New Roman Star"qi(r)q |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gyrx | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"xyryx | face="Times New Roman Star"qyryq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq, qyryq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"x@r@x |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyryq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrx, qyryx | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 651, VEWT 266, Ëåêñèêà 573, ÝÑÒß 6, 235-236. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyrtyl/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 surface 2 bark, upper layer | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîâåðõíîñòü 2 êîðà, âåðõíèé ñëîé | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kyrtys? (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? (Houts.) 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyrtys? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 267, EDT 649, Ëåêñèêà 391-392, ÝÑÒß 6, 241-242. Cf. also forms reflecting *Kyryl/: Yak. kyrys 'thin layer under skin', Tur. kyrys? 'wrinkled', Az. Gyrys? 'wrinkle' (see ÝÑÒß 6, 242), as well as *Kyrc?a(n|) 'scab' (see ibid., 244-245). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to scratch, scrape; to itch | face="Times New Roman Star"ñêðåñòè, öàðàïàòü; ÷åñàòüñÿ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?y- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qic?i- | face="Times New Roman Star"qic?i- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xyc?y- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?y- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@z/@ '÷åñîòêà' | face="Times New Roman Star"kyhyj-; kyhyax 'scraper' | face="Times New Roman Star"kyhyak 'scraper' | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?|i- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?ys?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qys?y- | face="Times New Roman Star"qys?y- | face="Times New Roman Star"qysy- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qys?y- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 260, ÝÑÒß 6, 186-187, Stachowski 167. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kys- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 short 2 narrow 3 to squeeze | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîðîòêèé 2 óçêèé 3 ñäàâëèâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qysg|a (Orkh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qys- 3 (MK, KB), qysyg| 2 (MK), qysqa 1 (KB), qysg|a 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kysa 1, kys- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1, qys- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1 (Abush.), qys- (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qisqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qisqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"GysGa, qysGa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gysa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"GysGa 1, Gys- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xysxa 1, xys- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"x@z@k 2, x@s- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kyhaj- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"kyhalga 'straits, sorrow' ( = Yak. kyhalga) | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1, qy's- 4, qyzy: 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qy'sqa 1, qy's- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysxa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qsyqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysGa 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"PT *Kys-ga 'short' is derived from PT *Kys- 'to press, squeeze'. See VEWT 267, EDT 665-7, ÝÑÒß 6, 251-253, Stachowski 167. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyc?-gyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to shout, cry | face="Times New Roman Star"êðè÷àòü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?qyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qic?qir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gys?Gyr- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xysxyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"qys?yr- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?yr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kyskyj- 'to whistle' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qys?qyr- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?qyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qysqyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?yr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyc?yr- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 261. Turk. > WMong. qaskira-, Kalm. xa"s?kr- (KW 178). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyl/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"winter | face="Times New Roman Star"çèìà | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? (AH, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qis? | face="Times New Roman Star"qis? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys | face="Times New Roman Star"Gys? | face="Times New Roman Star"Gys? | face="Times New Roman Star"xys | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"x@l | face="Times New Roman Star"kys, kyhyn | face="Times New Roman Star"kyhyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qy`s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys | face="Times New Roman Star"qys | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qys? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 670, VEWT 268, TMN 3, 479, Ëåêñèêà 75-76, ÝÑÒß 6, 253-254, Stachowski 167-168. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyt | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"not enough, insufficient | face="Times New Roman Star"íåäîñòàòî÷íûé, ñêóäíûé |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kyt; kytlyk 'Ungenu"gendheit, Hungersnot' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyt (AH, IM) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qitig|ir 'miserly' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gyt | face="Times New Roman Star"Gyt |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qytyj 'miserly' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"x@d@x 'compulsion' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qydyg| 'oppressed' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qydyq 'dwarf', qytyj- 'secretive', qytyraj- 'lean and small' | face="Times New Roman Star"qytyqtan- 'to be offended' | face="Times New Roman Star"qyt | face="Times New Roman Star"qytlyq 'hunger' (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qyt |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyt | face="Times New Roman Star"qyt |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyt | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 268, ÝÑÒß 6, 252. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kysyr | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 barren (cow) 2 barren mare | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ÿëîâàÿ (êîðîâà) 2 ÿëîâàÿ êîáûëà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1, qysraq 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kysyr 1, kysrak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr (Pav. C.) 1, qysyraq 2 (Houts., Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qisir 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qisir 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gysyr 1, GysraG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gysyr 1, Gysraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xyzyr 1, xyzyrax 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyzyr 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyzyr 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"x@z@r 1, k@sre 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kytara:- 'ñòàòü ñòàðîäîéíîþ, ÿëîâåòü' | face="Times New Roman Star"kytarak 'barren' | face="Times New Roman Star"qyzyr 1, qyzyraq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1, qysyraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1, qysyraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyt|yr 1, qyt|yraq (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1, qysyraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1, qysyraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1, qysyraq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qysyr 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 668-669, VEWT 267, 268, ÝÑÒß 6, 249-251, Stachowski 170. Turk. > Kalm. ki:sr, KW 234 (but Doerfer TMN 3, 476 objects, saying that Kalm. is a "dialektische Variante von ku":sr < ke'u"-ser"); > Mong. qusuran| / kisuran| 'barren (cow)' > Man. kisari. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kiab | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"tree fungus; dry grass | face="Times New Roman Star"äðåâåñíûé ãðèá; ñóõàÿ òðàâà | face="Times New Roman Star"qavag|u (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qav (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kav | face="Times New Roman Star"qaw, dial. qu | face="Times New Roman Star"qov (Ettuhf.), qav (AH, Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|w |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gow | face="Times New Roman Star"Gov | face="Times New Roman Star"xabo | face="Times New Roman Star"qaba: | face="Times New Roman Star"qu: |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Cf. ju"lege 'ðÿñêà', ju"z/@ 'áîëîòî (ò.å. íå÷òî ñ ðÿñêîé')' | face="Times New Roman Star"kya |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xag| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qu: | face="Times New Roman Star"quw | face="Times New Roman Star"quw | face="Times New Roman Star"qyw |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"quw | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 579, 584, TMN 3, 532-533, ÝÑÒß 5, 169-170, 6, 8-9. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kob- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to follow, chase | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðåñëåäîâàòü, ãíàòüñÿ |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qov- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kov- | face="Times New Roman Star"quw- | face="Times New Roman Star"qov- (AH), qaw- (Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qaw- (dial.), quw- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gov- | face="Times New Roman Star"qov- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qu:- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xu-, xúv- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qu:-, qubala- | face="Times New Roman Star"quw- | face="Times New Roman Star"quw- | face="Times New Roman Star"qyw- | face="Times New Roman Star"quw- | face="Times New Roman Star"qu:- | face="Times New Roman Star"quw- | face="Times New Roman Star"quw- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"quw- | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 9-10, VEWT 275, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 315-316. The Karakh. derivative qovdaq 'greedy' (although scarcely attested) is a probable source of WMong. qobdug| 'greedy', see Clark 1977, 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyb | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 luck, happiness 2 to be happy, enjoy | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñ÷àñòüå 2 áûòü ñ÷àñòëèâûì, ðàäîâàòüñÿ, ïðåäàâàòüñÿ óäîâîëüñòâèÿì | face="Times New Roman Star"qyv 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qyv 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kywan- 2, kyv 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"quan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 (Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"quvo|n- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qo 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Guwan- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|van- (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"quban- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qywan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 268, EDT 579, ÝÑÒß 6, 99-101, Clark 1977, 146. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kybak / *Kabak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"white poplar, willow | face="Times New Roman Star"áåëûé òîïîëü, èâà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kavak | face="Times New Roman Star"quvaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qawaq (Houts.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq (Jarr.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"GovaG |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qa:q, dial. qabaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"õúw|va |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:k | face="Times New Roman Star"xa: k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qywaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qavaq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 215, ÝÑÒß 5, 170-171, TMN 3, 534-535. The variant *Kabak is probably secondary, due to vowel assimilation; qapaq in Uygh. is also secondary - a contamination with *Kap- 'cover'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*KAbuk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"bladder | face="Times New Roman Star"ìî÷åâîé ïóçûðü | face="Times New Roman Star"qavuq (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qavuq (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kavuk | face="Times New Roman Star"quwyq | face="Times New Roman Star"qavuq (AH, MA) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"GovuG | face="Times New Roman Star"Govuq | face="Times New Roman Star"xo:x | face="Times New Roman Star"qo:q | face="Times New Roman Star"ku:k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xabax |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"quwyq | face="Times New Roman Star"quwyq | face="Times New Roman Star"qywyq | face="Times New Roman Star"quwuq | face="Times New Roman Star"qawuq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 174, EDT 583. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kol/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hut, hovel, camp(ing) | face="Times New Roman Star"õèæèíà, ëà÷óãà, ëàãåðü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 'family' (Tfs.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qus? | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 'camp, camping' (Pav. C.), 'house, dwelling' (Sngl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gos? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xu"z?@, xuz?@, xuz?ú | face="Times New Roman Star"xos 'room' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 'caravan' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qos | face="Times New Roman Star"qos | face="Times New Roman Star"qywys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qos |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qos? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 283, EDT 670, Ëåêñèêà 491-492, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 375-376, ÝÑÒß 6, 90-94. Turk. > WMong. qos, Kalm. xos? (KW 189), WMong. qosi-lig| (Clark 1980, 42). The root is confused with *Kol/ 'pair', but should be probably distinguished. Tat. and Bashk. obviously reflect a contamination with *Kogul/ 'empty space, hollow'. A loanword from Tokh. kos.ki:ye 'hut' (which itself is < Iranian, see Adams) had been suggested - which, however, cannot explain the absence of -k- in the Turkic form. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kogul/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"gutter, cavity, hollow | face="Times New Roman Star"æåëîá, âïàäèíà, ïîëîñòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qog|us? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kovus? | face="Times New Roman Star"quwys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qog|us? (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qavus?, qo|vas?, quwus? (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gog|us? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo:s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|vúw|l | face="Times New Roman Star"kuoha:x |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"quwys | face="Times New Roman Star"quwys | face="Times New Roman Star"qywys? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qowus?, quwus? | face="Times New Roman Star"quwys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"quwus? | face="Times New Roman Star"The Chuv. form may rather belong to PTurk. *Kob-. See VEWT 275, EDT 613, ÝÑÒß 6, 18-20, Stachowski 161 (the two roots interact actively). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kol/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 pair, couple, one of a couple 2 to join, unite | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïàðà, îäèí èç ïàðû 2 ñîåäèíÿòü(ñÿ) | face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1, qus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 (AH, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo.s? 1, qo.s?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gos? 'a couple of oxen', Gos?- 'to add' | face="Times New Roman Star"xos 1, xos- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xos 'double; again', xohuj- 2, xoho:n 'poem' | face="Times New Roman Star"koho:n 'poem' | face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo's?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1, qos- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1, qos- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qywys? 1, qus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1, qos- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 283; EDT 670, Ëåêñèêà 611, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 375, ÝÑÒß 6, 90-94, Stachowski 150. Turk. > MMong. (HY) qos?i, WMong. qos, Kalm. xos? 'pair' (KW 189, TMN 3, 364, Clark 1980, 41, 42, Ùåðáàê 1997, 142). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyr/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 expensive, miserly 2 to wish, envy, be miserly | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äîðîãîé, ñêóïîé 2 æåëàòü, çàâèäîâàòü, ñêóïèòüñÿ |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 (MK) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 (Ettuhf., AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"qizg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qizg|an- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qysqan- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"x@rg|en- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kysan- 'íóæäàòüñÿ, èìåòü íàäîáíîñòü' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 269, EDT 680, Ëåêñèêà 339, ÝÑÒß 6, 248-249. The root is also attested as kyrs in Tur. dialects, and as qyrzan- in Tuva The verbal form *Kyr/-gan- is sometimes attested as qysg|an- due to a contamination with *Kys-ga- 'short, narrow' (v. sub *ki/so). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kud- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to pour out (water) 2 to pour 3 well | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ëèòü 2 ñûïàòü 3 êîëîäåö | face="Times New Roman Star"qud- 1 (OUigh.), qudug| 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1 (MK), qud|ug| 3 (MK, QB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuju 3, qujy 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- 1, 2, qojy 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1 (Sangl.), qujy 3 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"quz- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Guju 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"Guj- 1, 2, Gujy 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xus- 1, 2 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"quspaq 'áîëüøîé òóåñ' (?) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xyv- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kut- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qut- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qut-/d- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1, 2, qujy 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1, 2, qujy 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- 1, 2, qojy 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1, 2, quju 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"quju 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1, quju 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1, 2, qujy 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"quj- 1 quju 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 296, EDT 596, 598, ÝÑÒß 2000, 109-111, 119-120, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 102, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 379. The root contained undoubtedly *-d-, but variants with *-j- are attested unusually early. Turk. > MMong. g|uduh (SH), WMong. qudug| (whence backwards > Turkm. Guduk, Uygh. quduq, Khak. xutux etc.), see EDT ibid., KW 194, Ùåðáàê 1997, 143, TMN 1, 395-396, Stachowski 162. |
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