| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to end, accomplish 2 to be ended 3 to create, build 4 to heal 5 to grow, ripen | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîí÷àòü, çàâåðøàòü 2 êîí÷àòüñÿ 3 ñîçäàâàòü, ñòðîèòü 4 çàæèâàòü 5 âûðàñòàòü, âûçðåâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bet- 2, bet-e|s?- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2, 4, 5 (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"pyt-, put- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"pu"t- 3, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"pu"d-u"r- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"'t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu"t- 1,2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"bo"t- 2, bo"t-o"s?- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5; 'to close' | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"pit- 2, 4, 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bit- 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 93, TMN 2, 267, EDT 298-9, 306, ÝÑÒß 2, 152-154, 302-303, Stachowski 68. Cf. also PT *bu"tu"n 'all, whole' - a derivative from *bu"t-. Turk. > Mong. *bu"te-, *bu"tu"- (KW 69-70, TMN 2, 268-269, Ùåðáàê 1997, 111). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bun| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"suffering | face="Times New Roman Star"ìó÷åíèå, ñòðàäàíèå | face="Times New Roman Star"bun| (Orkh.), mun| (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"mun| (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bun | face="Times New Roman Star"mon| | face="Times New Roman Star"mun| (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"mun| | face="Times New Roman Star"mun| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"mun|-ly 'sorrowful' (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"mun| | face="Times New Roman Star"mun| | face="Times New Roman Star"mun| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"mun| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"mun| | face="Times New Roman Star"mon| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bun |
| face="Times New Roman Star"mun| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"mun| | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 344, EDT 347, ÎÑÍß 2, 73, ÝÑÒß 7, Stachowski 182. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bun- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to become mad, foolish 2 mad, crazy 3 to become old, senile | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà, ãëóïåòü 2 ñóìàñøåäøèé, ñëàáîóìíûé 3 äðÿõëåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 1, mun|qul 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 1, munduz 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"buna- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"munu- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 'to go astray' | face="Times New Roman Star"mun- 'go astray, lose one's way' | face="Times New Roman Star"mun|g|aq 'resentful', myny- 3 (Todz?.), mun| dial. 2 (< *mun-k?) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bun- 'to be tired, dissatisfied', bunaq 'senile person' | face="Times New Roman Star"buna- 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"munax 'irrational' (ÑÑß) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 514, EDT 348, 768, 769, ÎÑÍß 3, 53, Stachowski 181. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bur(a)- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to twist, wind round | face="Times New Roman Star"êðóòèòü, âåðòåòü, ïîâîðà÷èâàòü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bor- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- (Sangl., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"pur- | face="Times New Roman Star"pur- | face="Times New Roman Star"buru- | face="Times New Roman Star"burq- 'âûâåðíóòü ðóêó' | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|r- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- | face="Times New Roman Star"bor- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"bur-, bura- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bur- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 89, EDT 355, ÝÑÒß 2, 264-267. Turk. *bur(g)agu > Kalm. burg|u:, see KW 62. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 thigh 2 leg, foot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áåäðî 2 íîãà | face="Times New Roman Star"but (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (Abush., Sangl.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 'groin' | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bud 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 297, ÝÑÒß 2, 280-281, Ëåêñèêà 282, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu(-n) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"this | face="Times New Roman Star"ýòîò | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, bun- (Orkh.), bu, mun- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"pu | face="Times New Roman Star"pu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bo |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu (mun-) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo | face="Times New Roman Star"bo | face="Times New Roman Star"bu(l) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"by-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, vu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 85, EDT 291-292, ÝÑÒß 2, 225-228, Stachowski 63. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:(n)r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ice | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåä |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"boz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz, muz (Abush., MA, Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"pyz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:z | face="Times New Roman Star"pus | face="Times New Roman Star"mus |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buza"k | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"mu:s, bu:s | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bod| | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 91, EDT 389, ÝÑÒß 2, 238-239, Ëåêñèêà 17-18, TMN 2, 336, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"steam, fog | face="Times New Roman Star"ïàð, òóìàí |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu 'aroma' (poet.), bug|u 'steam' | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, bu-la-n- 'to vaporize' | face="Times New Roman Star"bug| (Sangl., Pav. C.), mug| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bug|, bug|-la- 'to steam' | face="Times New Roman Star"bug| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buG | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:G |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"buu |
| face="Times New Roman Star"púw|v |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bu: | face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buw-la- 'to steam', bu-la- 'to treat with steam (medically)' | face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buwaldyr 'hoar-frost' | face="Times New Roman Star"byw | face="Times New Roman Star"buwaq 'hoar-frost' | face="Times New Roman Star"bu: | face="Times New Roman Star"buv | face="Times New Roman Star"puw |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bug|aq 'hoar-frost' | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 292, VEWT 86, ÝÑÒß 2, 229-230, Ëåêñèêà 37. The behaviour of final -g after a long vowel is probably regular (although this combination is rather rare). Turk. > MMong. bug| (ÀÔÌ) 'steam' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 163). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"gu" | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"wizard | face="Times New Roman Star"ìóäðåö, êîëäóí | face="Times New Roman Star"bo"gu" (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo"gu" (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ju" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu"gu" (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bu": |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 324, VEWT 83, ÝÑÒß 2, 293-294. Turk. > Mong. bo"g|e id., see TMN 1, 234. Turk. > Hung. bu? 'witchcraft' (< *bu"g|u"), see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ta:m | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 roof 2 wall 3 hut | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûøà 2 ñòåíà 3 õèáàðà | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (MK), 1 (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (ÊÑÒÒ) | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 1 (Abush.), 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|m 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:m 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'layer (of earth)' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"da:%m 1 ( < Ogh.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'dug-out, grave' | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dam 'shed, barn' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'hut' | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 459 (the root has an irregular *t-/*d- variation), Ëåêñèêà 529. TMN 2, No 834. Turk. > Bao. dem 'wall'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dAk- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to bind to, add to | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðèâÿçûâàòü, ïðèêðåïëÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- (MK - Oghuz) | face="Times New Roman Star"tak- | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- (Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"taq-, dial. Xwar. daq- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tax- | face="Times New Roman Star"daq- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"taq- (dial. - Áàñê. Òóáà) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"taq- | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"taq- | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- | face="Times New Roman Star"daq- | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- | face="Times New Roman Star"taq- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"taq- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 456, EDT 464, ÝÑÒß 3, 129-130. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dart- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to pull; to hang | face="Times New Roman Star"òÿíóòü; ïîäâåøèâàòü, âçâåøèâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|rt- | face="Times New Roman Star"ta(r)t- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"dart- | face="Times New Roman Star"dart-, tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tort- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"ty'rt- | face="Times New Roman Star"ty'rt- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"dart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"ta't- (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"tart- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 465, EDT 534, ÝÑÒß 3, 154-156, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 254, Stachowski 218. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*da:t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to taste 2 taste 3 sweet, tasty 4 to get accustomed | face="Times New Roman Star"1 èìåòü âêóñ (1à ïðîáîâàòü íà âêóñ) 2 âêóñ 3 ñëàäêèé, âêóñíûé 4 ïðèâûêàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1a (OUygh.), tatyg| 2 (OUygh.), tatyg|-lyg| 3 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tat-lyg| 3 (MK), taty- 1 (MK, KB), tatyg| 2 (MK, KB), tatyg|-lyg| 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- (tatar) 1a, tat (-d-), tadym, tatyk 2, tatly 3, dad-a- 'to bait, lure', dad-a-n- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1a, tat 2, tatly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1a (Abush., Pav. C., Sangl.), tat 2 (Sangl.), tat-lyg|3 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|t- 1a, tati- 1, 1a to|t 2, to|tli 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"teti- 1, 1a, tatq 2, tatliq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"taty- 1 a, tatyg| 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dad- 1a, dad 2, dadly 3, dadan- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"da:t/d- 1a, da:t 2, da:t-ly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tady- 1, tadyg| 2, tadylyg| 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tatqy 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tatu 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:t- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tuda-l- 1, tuda-n- 1a, todú 2, tut-lú 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1 a, taty- 1, tatyq 2, tattuw 3, tatq-a-n- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1 a, ta"tti 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1, 1 a, tatyq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"taty- 1a, tat 2, tatly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1 a, tatyw 2, tatly 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dat- 1a, dat 2, datly 3, dad-a-n- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1a, taty- 1, 1a, tat (K), tatuv (T,H,K) 2, tatly (T,H,K) 3, tatan- (K) 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"tat- 1 a, taty- 1, 1a, tatly 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"taty- 1, tatyw 2, tatli 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 466, EDT 449-450, 452, 454, ÝÑÒß 3, 162-164, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 256-257. Oghuz (Osman) devoicing is secondary. Turk. > Mong. *tati- > tac?i(ja)- 'become accustomed' (KW 385) > TM tati- id. (ÒÌÑ 2, 170.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*da:g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"mountain | face="Times New Roman Star"ãîðà | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (MA), tag|, t.ag| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|g| | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"da:G | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (Âåðá.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu: | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:g| | face="Times New Roman Star"tu | face="Times New Roman Star"tya 'taiga, wood' | face="Times New Roman Star"tya 'land, tundra' | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|, tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"to: | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"tau | face="Times New Roman Star"tau | face="Times New Roman Star"da: | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"da:g| | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 454, TMN 2, 439-440, EDT 463, ÝÑÒß 3, 117-118, Ëåêñèêà 94, 111, Stachowski 236. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*du":p | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"bottom; root | face="Times New Roman Star"äíî; îñíîâàíèå; êîðåíü | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dip | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"b (Pav. C.), tu"p (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tub | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p, top | face="Times New Roman Star"dib | face="Times New Roman Star"du":p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"t@p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gex (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gek (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"du"p | face="Times New Roman Star"du"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dip | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tub | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 434-435, VEWT 505, ÝÑÒß 3, 317-319, TMN 2, 652-654 ( > Mong. tu"b, to"b), Ëåêñèêà 108-109, Stachowski 234. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge.l- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to come | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðèõîäèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kil- | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.l- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"l-/kil- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"l- | face="Times New Roman Star"gel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kil- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- (R) | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"l- | face="Times New Roman Star"kil- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kil- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"gel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"kel- | face="Times New Roman Star"gel-, gej- | face="Times New Roman Star"gel- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248; EDT 715, ÝÑÒß 3, 14-16, 31-32, Stachowski 143. The Chuv. and Yak. vowels correspond irregularly. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:(j)t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to go (away) | face="Times New Roman Star"óõîäèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ket/d|- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"git- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.t- (Abush., Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"t- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"git- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kajt- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gi:/i- (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 258, EDT 701, ÝÑÒß 3, 39-40, 49-50. Vowel length can be reconstructed on indirect evidence (voicing -t- > -d- in forms like Az. gedis? 'going away' etc.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*i:l/c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"work, deed | face="Times New Roman Star"ðàáîòà, äåëî | face="Times New Roman Star"is? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ys? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is, ys | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i:s? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i:.s? | face="Times New Roman Star"@s/ | face="Times New Roman Star"i:s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s | face="Times New Roman Star"is | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 254, VEWT 174, ÝÑÒß 1, 395-396, Åãîðîâ 66. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*je:- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to eat | face="Times New Roman Star"åñòü | face="Times New Roman Star"je- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"je-, je.- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"je- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|im 'food' | face="Times New Roman Star"je- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"je- | face="Times New Roman Star"ja"- | face="Times New Roman Star"ji- | face="Times New Roman Star"je- | face="Times New Roman Star"ij- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:- | face="Times New Roman Star"d/e- | face="Times New Roman Star"jie:- | face="Times New Roman Star"s/i- | face="Times New Roman Star"sie- | face="Times New Roman Star"hie- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?i- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?i- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|e- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"je- | face="Times New Roman Star"je- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|eje- (arch.) | face="Times New Roman Star"i- | face="Times New Roman Star"je- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ji- | face="Times New Roman Star"je- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 194, EDT 869-70, ÝÑÒß 1, 333-335, Stachowski 102. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ijik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"spindle | face="Times New Roman Star"âåðåòåíî |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ik, jik, ijik (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ig|, ij, iji |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ik (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ik, jik, z?|ik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ik | face="Times New Roman Star"ij | face="Times New Roman Star"i:k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"i:k | face="Times New Roman Star"i:k, ijik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@ge |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ijik |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i: |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ijik |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 170, EDT 99, ÝÑÒß 1, 336-337, Åãîðîâ 77. Az., Turk., Gag. have a secondary voicing due to early contraction *-iji- > *-i:-. Turk. > Mong. ig 'spindle' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 123); the derivative *ijik-lig (Chag. iklig| 'violin', cf. Khak. i:k id. (see VEWT 179) > Kalm. ik@l/@ (KW 206). |
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