▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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face="Times New Roman Star"*ek- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sow 2 to scatter | face="Times New Roman Star"1 сеять 2 разбрасывать | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- (Late OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- (MK, KB) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ik- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- (Abush., Sangl.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"k- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ha"k- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ak- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ik- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ex- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 100, ЭСТЯ 1, 251-252. Turk. > Hung. eke 'plough' (< *a"ka"g|), see Gombocz 1912. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:c? (-e) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 long time 2 late 3 be late 4 night 5 evening 6 yesterday | face="Times New Roman Star"1 долго 2 поздний 3 опаздывать 4 ночь 5 вечер 6 вчера | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 1, 2, kec?- 3, kec?e 4, 5 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 1, 2 (KB, MK), kec?- 3 (MK), kec?a" 4, 5 (KB, MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gec? 2, gez?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kic? 5, kic?e| 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"gec?e 4 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?a 4, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"c?a" 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?e 4 (Mal.) | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:c? 2, gi:z?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?|e: 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?ik 5 (Верб.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 2, 5, kec?e 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ec?a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kas/ 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiehe 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiehe 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kez?e: 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kez?|e 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 2, kec?e: 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5, kes?a" 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kis 5, kisa" 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 5, kec?e | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"z?|i 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gec?e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 245, EDT 692-3, 694-5, ЭСТЯ 3, 40-41, 50-51, Лексика 82, Stachowski 147. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEr/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to walk, walk through | face="Times New Roman Star"ходить, проходить через | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"giz- | face="Times New Roman Star"ke/z- (Sangl., MA, Бор. Бад., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- | face="Times New Roman Star"g/ka"z- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ga"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"z- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gid|- | face="Times New Roman Star"[kezik 'очередь'] | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 260, EDT 757, ЭСТЯ 3, 10-11. Cf. also (with -r-) Yak. kerij- 'walk around'. The derived Turk. *ger/ik 'turn, order' ( < *'going through') > MMong. kes?ik (SH), WMong. kesig 'wake, turn' (see TMN 1, 467-468, Clark 1980, 40). The verb itself was also borrowed, cf. WMong. kesu"-, Khalkha, Bur. xese-, Dag. kese- 'to wander, roam'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"ku"r/ (/*go"gu"r/), *Ko"krek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 breast 2 middle of the back 3 reason, sense, emotion 4 female breast | face="Times New Roman Star"1 грудь 2 поясница, середина спины 3 женская грудь | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"z 1, 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"z 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"g|u"s 1, ko"krek 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1 (dial., КСТТ), ku"kre|k 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gs, ko"gu"s (Sangl.), ko"ku"s (MA) 1, ko"krek (Abush., Бор. Бад.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.ks 1, 3, ko|kra"k 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s 1, ko"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s, go":s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ks, ko"ku"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"s 1, ku"krek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gis 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kъw|gъw|r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"g|u"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ksu" 'back' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"ro"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kis 1, ko"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"frix 4? | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 714, VEWT 288, ЭСТЯ 3, 54-55, 5, 136-137, Лексика 272-274, Stachowski 155. The Oghuz forms with k- (Turkm. ku"krek, Tur. dial. ko"krek) may be < Kypchak, cf. -u"- instead of -o"- in Turkm. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"jn|-il | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"heart, mood | face="Times New Roman Star"сердце, дух | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n-u"l; go"ju"n, go"jn (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"n, ko"n|-u"l (arch. - borrowed from Tu"rki) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l, ko"n|n-@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|n-u" | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":n | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:il | face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|m@w|l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'will, freedom' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'permission' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo":l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l, ko"lu"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il, kewil | face="Times New Roman Star"go"jn|y | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 731, ЭСТЯ 3, 75-77, Лексика 274, Stachowski 156. Almost all languages reflect a suffixed form (a substantivized adjective in -il, see Gabain AG 75). Khak., Shor reflect a nominalized attributive form of ko"n|u"l. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"r/ ( = *go"r-s) / *go"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 eye (*go"r/) 2 to see, look (*go"r-) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 глаз 2 видеть | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (Orkh., Yen.,OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z (Sangl., Pav. C.), ko"z (Vam.) 1, ko"r- (MA, Abush., Sangl.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.z 1, ku.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, go"r- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (Sag.) 1, ko"zenek (Kyzil.) 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (R) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s, dial. ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/ 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"stu"k 'eye-glass', ko"sku" 'visible, good-eyed', ko"skenek 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sku"t- 'to show', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d| 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"goz/koz 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"(:)z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 292, TMN 3, 637f, EDT 756 (*go"r/), 736 (*go"r-), Федотов 1, 310, 314, ЭСТЯ 3, 60-64 (*go"r/), 77-79, 81-84 (*go"r-), Лексика 209, Stachowski 155, 156. The Chuv. reflex requires a supposition of a final cluster (*rs) in the nominal stem; this may be a suffixed deverbative. OT ko"ru"g 'glance; image' > MMo, WMong. ko"ru"g 'image'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kul- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to roll (down), fall 2 round | face="Times New Roman Star"1 скатываться, падать 2 круглый |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1 (Буд.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qula"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qula-, g|ula- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qula-, Gol- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qola- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gulylu"x 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 298, ЭСТЯ 6, 122. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"n(el/) / *gun/al/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 sun 2 day 3 sunny place 4 sun-heat | face="Times New Roman Star"1 солнце 2 день 3 солнечное место 4 солнечный жар | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.), ku"nes? 3 (YB), isig qujas? 4 (OUygh. - Br.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 4 (MK), ku"nes? 3 (Tefs.) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 2, gu"nes? 1, (dial.) gujas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n 1, 2, qojas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qujas? 1 (Sangl., Abush., Pav. C.), ku"nes? 1 (Pav. C., Abush., Бор. Бад.), ku"n 1, 2 (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kun 1, 2, qujo|s? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, (dial.) qojas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kun 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"na"s? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"nes? 1, 4, quja:s? 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, dial. qujas? 1 (Kumd., Leb.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kin, ku"n 1, 2, kina"s? 'sonnig' | face="Times New Roman Star"kon 2, x@w|vel 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, kuja:s 'heat' | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, kun/a:s 'heat' | face="Times New Roman Star"xu"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xu"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qyjas 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n 1, 2, ko"na"s 4, qojas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2, gu"nes? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, ku"nes? 1, qujas?, qujas 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n 1, 2, qujas? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":n 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"n 1, 2 gu"nes? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 301, 309 (Ra"sa"nen separates *gu"n and *gun'al', which is hardly justified); EDT 679, 725, 734, ЭСТЯ 3, 100-104, 6, 112-113, Лексика 20-21, 64-65, 77-78, Федотов 1 306-307, Stachowski 161, 164. The forms *gu"n/el/ and *gun/al/ must be old dialectal variants. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 vehicle, cart 2 skis, sleigh | face="Times New Roman Star"1 повозка 2 лыжи, сани | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kag|ny, dial. kanny, kangylly 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (Sangl., Houts., AH) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xan|a: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|na 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ha 2 (ФиЛ 91) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"g|an|ly 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 531, EDT 638, ЭСТЯ 5, 259-260, Лексика 533. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ysyg / *isig | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 hot 2 warm | face="Times New Roman Star"1 горячий 2 теплый | face="Times New Roman Star"isig 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"isig 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"syz?|ak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"esse 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"isti 2 (Pav. C.), ysyg| (Бор. Бад., Abush.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"issiq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"isti 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"yssy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"@z@g 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"izu" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hissi:., hisk 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|z?ъw| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iti:, ic?iges ( < *isi-gec?) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iti:, ic?iges 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"izig| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i'sig| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ysyq 1, ysy 'heat, hot wind' | face="Times New Roman Star"yssy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"issi 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"issi 1, 2 (HK), syz?|aq 2 (K), ysy-t- (K) 'to warm' | face="Times New Roman Star"yssy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hyssy 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Derived from *ysy- / *isi- 'to be hot'. See VEWT 173-4, TMN 2,182, EDT 246, ЭСТЯ 1, 668-671, Лексика 19-20, Stachowski 123, 130. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*egir- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to twist, spin | face="Times New Roman Star"крутить, прясть |
| face="Times New Roman Star"egir- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ejir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"egir- (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jigir- | face="Times New Roman Star"jiger-, igir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"jir- | face="Times New Roman Star"egir- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-, egir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"jir- | face="Times New Roman Star"avъr-la- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-is- 'спутаться о лесках'; ieregej 'humming-top' | face="Times New Roman Star"ieregej 'drill' | face="Times New Roman Star"e:r- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ig|er- | face="Times New Roman Star"ijir- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 112, ЭСТЯ 1, 227-231, TMN 2, 192, Федотов 1, 27, Stachowski 122. The Chuv. form reflects a partial merger with *ebir- (v. sub *i_a>\pV). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*jilik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"marrow | face="Times New Roman Star"костный мозг | face="Times New Roman Star"jilik (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jilik (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilik | face="Times New Roman Star"jelek, z?|elek | face="Times New Roman Star"jilik (AH, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilik | face="Times New Roman Star"jilik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ilik | face="Times New Roman Star"jilik |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"d/ilik |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sili: |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilig |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ilik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jilik | face="Times New Roman Star"jelek | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ilik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ilik | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ilik | face="Times New Roman Star"ileh (ССЯ) | face="Times New Roman Star"jilik | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 927, 928, VEWT 203, TMN 2, 214, ЭСТЯ 4, 265, Лексика 263. Turkm. and Uzb. dialectal ju"lu"k 'marrow' may reflect a contamination with *ju"lu"k / *juluk 'juice' q. v. sub *dilu. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)e:.n-c?ik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 shin, shank 2 shin bone 3 boot-top strap 4 heel | face="Times New Roman Star"1 голень 2 кость голени 3 ремешки для подтягивания голенищ 4 пятка |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jinz?|ik 2 (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jinz?|ik 1 (КСТТ) | face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ik 'cou de pied' (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i:nz?|ik 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"enz?|ik 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"enc?ik 4 (Leb.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"inn/ia"x 1 (Пек. 1941) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"inc?ik 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jensek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"inc?ik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"inc?ik, inz?|ik 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ix голень (ССЯ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 172, 203, Лексика 286. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.ri- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to melt | face="Times New Roman Star"таять |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eru"- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eri- (Abushk.) | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ri- | face="Times New Roman Star"ere- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir@- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ir@l- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ire- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"jeri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- | face="Times New Roman Star"eri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- | face="Times New Roman Star"iri- | face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 289-290, Stachowski 128, EDT 198. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.k(k)i | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"two | face="Times New Roman Star"два | face="Times New Roman Star"eki (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"e.ki (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"ike | face="Times New Roman Star"iki (AH, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"s?igy | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"eke | face="Times New Roman Star"igi | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"a"kki, a"kki. | face="Times New Roman Star"ikk@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"ikki | face="Times New Roman Star"iji | face="Times New Roman Star"ixi | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"ike | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"iki | face="Times New Roman Star"eky | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"is?ky | face="Times New Roman Star"eki | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 39, EDT 100-1, ЭСТЯ 1, 337-339, Егоров 67-68, Stachowski 124. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*yt / *it | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"dog | face="Times New Roman Star"собака | face="Times New Roman Star"yt (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"yt (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"it (arch.) | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"yt (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"ys?t | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"it |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"jydъ | face="Times New Roman Star"yt | face="Times New Roman Star"yt | face="Times New Roman Star"y't | face="Times New Roman Star"y't | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"i_t | face="Times New Roman Star"ijt | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"it |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ijt | face="Times New Roman Star"is?t |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 174, TMN 2, 173-4, EDT 34, ЭСТЯ 1, 385, Егоров 83, Лексика 188, Stachowski 262. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l/it- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to hear | face="Times New Roman Star"слышать | face="Times New Roman Star"es?id- (Orkh.), es?it- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"is?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?et-; dial. (Mishar) is?- 'hear' (ТТДС 156), (Bar.) is?e|n- 'listen' (ЯБТ 140) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- (Abush. 63) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?et- (Kashg., УНС 109) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil- | face="Times New Roman Star"is- / ist- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"is?u"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- | face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin- | face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"est- | face="Times New Roman Star"esit- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?et- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?t- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"s?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"esit- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?ti- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 51, EDT 257-8, ЭСТЯ 1, 318-319, Егоров 69, Stachowski 123. Note -d- in Runic and the voicing of -t before a vowel in Az. and Turkm. Khak. has two forms of stem (is- and iste-, morphonologically distributed, so that is- < iste-; the same historical process could have occurred with. Ku"a"r. a"s?-, Kach. es?- (R 1, 905); so the only clear evidence for the stem *el/- are Tatar dialectal reflexes (in which case -t may be a causative suffix, see Bang 1925, Zaja,czkowski 1932). Shor este- 'to hear', estel- 'to be heard' do not belong here, being derived from *es > is 'mind, memory', like Mod. Uygh. an|la- 'to hear' < an| 'mind'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to drink | face="Times New Roman Star"пить | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ec?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ys?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"@s- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?-, es?- (R., Верб.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"@s/- | face="Times New Roman Star"is- | face="Times New Roman Star"is- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?- | face="Times New Roman Star"es- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 168, EDT 19, ЭСТЯ 1, 391, Егоров 66, Stachowski 129. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:tu"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"boot | face="Times New Roman Star"ботинок, сапог | face="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"edik | face="Times New Roman Star"iti>k | face="Times New Roman Star"etu"k (Pav. C.), o"tu"k (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) a"dik, o"tik, o"tu"k | face="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"a":dik | face="Times New Roman Star"o"d@k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"du"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"adъ | face="Times New Roman Star"eterbes | face="Times New Roman Star"eterbes | face="Times New Roman Star"idik | face="Times New Roman Star"idik | face="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"k | face="Times New Roman Star"etik | face="Times New Roman Star"etik |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"etik | face="Times New Roman Star"i:tix, itix | face="Times New Roman Star"etik | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 50, VEWT 52, ЭСТЯ 1, 319-321, Егоров 36, Лексика 479, Stachowski 48. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 fat n., butter 2 lard 3 thick, fat (adj.) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 жир, масло 2 сало 3 толстый, жирный | face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jag| (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"jo|g| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ja:g| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"d/u: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ja:g| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"s/u, s/ъw|v 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sya 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hya 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|oo-n 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?au 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ja: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jag| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jav 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 177, EDT 895, ЭСТЯ 4, 58-59, Лексика 453, Федотов 2, 127, Stachowski 117. |
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