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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 shadow 2 to shadowface="Times New Roman Star"1 òåíü 2 äàâàòü òåíü, çàòåíÿòüface="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"- (OUygh.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge, ko"lge (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lege (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku.lke|, ku.le|ke| 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le|n|ge|, ko"lige| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lga" 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lge 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le- 2, ko"lek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"- 2, ko"lo"n|o" 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ko" 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"letke 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"len|ke 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288-289, 294, EDT 716-718, ÝÑÒß 5, 96-97, 128, Stachowski 164. Should be distinguished from *Ko"l/- 'to screen' (v. sub *ge:\l/a).
face="Times New Roman Star"*go":l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to harness 2 harnessed animalface="Times New Roman Star"1 çàïðÿãàòü 2 óïðÿæíîå æèâîòíîåface="Times New Roman Star"ko"l- 1 (OUygh. - YB), ko"lu"k 2(Orkh., OUygh.), 'a vehicle' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"k 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"go"lu"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"k 2 (Sangl.)



face="Times New Roman Star"go":lu"k (dial.) 'vehicle'; go"le 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l- 1, ko"l@g Nom. Act.
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lko" 2 (possibly < Mong.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l-u"j- 1, ko"lo", ko"lgo" 2 (the latter may be < Mong.).face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l, xo"lge 2 (the latter is rather < Mong.)face="Times New Roman Star"ho"lle- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik 2



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288, EDT 715, 717, ÝÑÒß 3, 69-70, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 320-321, Stachowski 155 (following Kal/. MEJ 18 and deriving Yak., Dolg. < Mong.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"m-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to buryface="Times New Roman Star"çàêàïûâàòü, õîðîíèòüface="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"go"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MA), go"m- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko.m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-
face="Times New Roman Star"go"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m-face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"go"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (ÑÑß)face="Times New Roman Star"go"m-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289, EDT 721, ÝÑÒß 3, 70-71, Stachowski 155.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"helpface="Times New Roman Star"ïîìîùü

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"me|k 'collective, many people'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mek (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku.me|kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"me|k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ma"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mek


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"me|k, keme|k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"me|k 'collective, many people'




face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 98-99, Stachowski 156.
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"mu"l-du"ru"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"breast strapface="Times New Roman Star"ãðóäíîé ðåìåíü
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"ldu"ru"k (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"go"mu"ldu"ru"kface="Times New Roman Star"ku"m@lt@k (ÊÑÒÒ)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"ldu"ru"k (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"go"mu"ldu"ru"k







face="Times New Roman Star"ho"mu"ndu"ru"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"ldu"ru"k

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m@ld@r@k





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289, EDT 723, ÝÑÒß 3, 71-72, Ëåêñèêà 552-553. Turk. > Mong. ko"mu"ldu"rge (Ùåðáàê 1977, 128). Forms like Uygh. o"mu"ldu"ru"k, Bashk. u"melderek (see ÝÑÒß 1, 530, Ëåêñèêà 553) may be derived from the same stem, under an influence of *o"mgen 'upper part of breast' q. v. sub *emo; a separate etymology see, however, under *p`o\me.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEmu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to gnawface="Times New Roman Star"ãðûçòü, ãëîäàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"kemu"r- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"gemir-, kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kimer-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"r- (Sangl., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kemi(r)-
face="Times New Roman Star"ga"mir-face="Times New Roman Star"gemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kim@r-
face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"ru"o" 'spongy bone'
face="Times New Roman Star"xemir-face="Times New Roman Star"xemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kimer-face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-face="Times New Roman Star"kemir-
face="Times New Roman Star"gemir-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251, EDT 723, ÝÑÒß 3, 18-19, Ëåêñèêà 262.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"mu"rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"coalface="Times New Roman Star"óãîëüface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"r (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"r (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"rface="Times New Roman Star"ku"merface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"r (MA, IM, Pav. C., AH), kimu"r (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku.mirface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"(r)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"rface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"rface="Times New Roman Star"ko"m@r
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"r
face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|mrúw|kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"rface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"rface="Times New Roman Star"xo"mu"r
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"rface="Times New Roman Star"ko"m@rface="Times New Roman Star"ko"m@rface="Times New Roman Star"ku"merface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"rface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"r
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m@r
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"rface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289 (relating the stem to ko"m- 'to bury, dig' seems rather dubious), ÝÑÒß 5, 102-103, Ëåêñèêà 365, Stachowski 156.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"jn|e-lekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"shirtface="Times New Roman Star"ðóáàøêà
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jna"k, dial. go"n|lekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"lma"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (Sangl., MA, Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.), ko"jnek (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko.jnak, ko.jlakface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|la"k, ko"n|nek
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnekface="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek, dial. go"mlekface="Times New Roman Star"ko"genekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"nekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"nek

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nju"ga"s 'ñòàðèííîå íàçâàíèå äîõè'
face="Times New Roman Star"xo"jlen|
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"lda"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"lekface="Times New Roman Star"go"lma"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"lmekface="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlek
face="Times New Roman Star"go"lekface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290-291, EDT 732, ÝÑÒß 5, 89-90, Ëåêñèêà 384, 476-477. Turk. > WMong. ku"jileg, Kalm. ki:l@g (KW 234), MMong. ko"n|lek (TMN 3, 615, Ùåðáàê 1997, 128).
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"jn|-ilface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"heart, moodface="Times New Roman Star"ñåðäöå, äóõface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"go"n-u"l; go"ju"n, go"jn (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@lface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Sangl., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"ko.n|ilface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"lface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"lface="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"lface="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"n, ko"n|-u"l (arch. - borrowed from Tu"rki)face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l, ko"n|n-@face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|n-u"face="Times New Roman Star"ku":nface="Times New Roman Star"ki:ilface="Times New Roman Star"k@w|m@w|lface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'will, freedom'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'permission'
face="Times New Roman Star"xo":lface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"lface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|ilface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|ilface="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@lface="Times New Roman Star"ko"lface="Times New Roman Star"go"nface="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l, ko"lu"nface="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il, kewilface="Times New Roman Star"go"jn|yface="Times New Roman Star"go"n|u"lface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 731, ÝÑÒß 3, 75-77, Ëåêñèêà 274, Stachowski 156. Almost all languages reflect a suffixed form (a substantivized adjective in -il, see Gabain AG 75). Khak., Shor reflect a nominalized attributive form of ko"n|u"l.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"manyface="Times New Roman Star"ìíîãîface="Times New Roman Star"ko"p (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ku"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"p (Pav. C., MA, Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku.pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"p

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"p



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'p, xo"j ( < *ko"pej)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ku"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"p

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 686-687, ÝÑÒß 5, 107-108.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"p-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to swell 2 foamface="Times New Roman Star"1 íàáóõàòü 2 ïåíàface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pik, ko"pu"k (OUygh.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"r- (MK) 1, ko"pu"k (MK) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"p- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- (Pav. C.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku.p- (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pik 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|búw|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bu"j- 'pop up, float on the surface'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'vu"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'pu"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"b@k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"p- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1



face="Times New Roman Star"go"p- 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 689, 691, VEWT 291, ÝÑÒß 5, 108-111, Stachowski 154.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pek
face="Times New Roman Star"1 dog 2 hound 3 sheep-dog 4 yard dog 5 puppyface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîáàêà 2 îõîòíè÷èé ïåñ 3 îâ÷àðêà 4 äâîðîâàÿ ñîáàêà 5 ùåíîê
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1, go"belek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek (Pav. C., AH) 1, ko"belek 2 (OKypch.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko.ppa"k 1; ko"pa"k 1 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pa"k 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"k 'ethnonym; name of a hero'






face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe 1 (K)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"belek 3, go"ben it 4face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, TMN 3, 646-647, ÝÑÒß 5, 111-112, Ëåêñèêà 189. Basically an Oghuz word, but cf. also Kum. go"ben, OKypch. ko"belek 'shepherd's dog' (Bulgat, ad-Durr., Houts., AH) = Tur. dial. go"belek 'puppy' (possibly < Kypch.), see ÝÑÒß ibid. Despite ÝÑÒß, Kirgh. qara ko"bo"lo"k 'evil spirit appearing as a girl dressed in black and with a black greyhound' is rather = ko"bo"lo"k 'butterfly' (cf. the archaic mythological motive of evil spirit appearing as a butterfly), but a contamination with the word for dog attested in Old Kypchak also cannot be excluded. However, Kalm. ko"wl@g 'greyhound' is not < Kirgh., but from Old Kypchak. The same source is probable for Russ. êîáåëü, dimin. êîáåëå'ê (a re-analysis?) - the word is absent in other Slavic languages, the list of absolutely hopeless etymological attempts can be found in Ôàñìåð II 267. It was attested for the first time in 1599 as a term for a hounting hound: ó ãîñóäàðåâû öàðåâû îõîòû ó êîáåëåé ó ìåäåëÿíñêèõú; the form êîáåëåê (attested in 1673) see in ÑÐß XI-XVIII, 7, 208. Turk. > Hung. kopo/ 'bloodhound', see Gombocz 1912 (Doerfer in TMN 3, 647 objects, but the word has no Finno-Ugric etymology).
face="Times New Roman Star"*kepelekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"butterflyface="Times New Roman Star"áàáî÷êà
face="Times New Roman Star"kepeli (MK), kebelek (Tefs.), kelebek (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"kelebek; ko"pelek, kepenek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be|le|kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pelek (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"kapalakface="Times New Roman Star"kepile|k
face="Times New Roman Star"ka"pa"na"kface="Times New Roman Star"kebelek, kepelek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"xobanax, xubanaxface="Times New Roman Star"xopaxface="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"lo"k



face="Times New Roman Star"xovag|an
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"po"lo"k
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pelekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ba"la"kface="Times New Roman Star"go"belekkeface="Times New Roman Star"kelebekface="Times New Roman Star"k/eb/elakface="Times New Roman Star"go"belek
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"melekface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 689, ÝÑÒß 5, 13-15, Ëåêñèêà 187.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"peface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 coat of mail 2 ring of mail 3 earring 4 overcoat 5 saddle-pad for a camel 6 film of egg, exuviae 7 a k. of cloth or carpetface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëü÷óãà 2 êîëüöî êîëü÷óãè 3 ñåðüãà 4 ïëàù, ïàëüòî 5 âåðáëþæüå ñåäëî 6 ïëåíêà ÿéöà, ñáðîøåííàÿ êîæà 7 âèä òêàíè èëè êîâðà
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pe 1, 2, 3, ku"pik (MK) 4, ko"pc?u"k (MK) 5, ko"psu"n 'mattress' (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pe 3, kepeneg, ko"penek 4, ko"pen 7face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pme| 'mattress'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pen (ku"pen) 5




face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"n 'mattress'


face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|be 6



face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pu" 'øóáà èç ìåõà ìåäâåæîíêà'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ps?ik 'pillow'
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pme| 'mattress'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 687, 688, 689, ÝÑÒß 5, 48-49, 108 (Tur. ko"pen being attributed here to a quite different root, see under *ko"p- 'to swell, foam'), 114-115, 129-130, TMN 3, 581-583. The above forms are hard to separate, and Doerfer's point of view that ko"penek is secondarily < kepenek is probably faulty (even though ko"penek is attested later: ko"pen is certainly attested earlier, and an assimilative delabialization *ko"penek > kepenek seems quite plausible). The Chuvash form shows that the original meaning of the root must have been 'transparent covering, film', whence 'coat of mail' etc. Turk. > Mong. kebeneg 'saddle-cloth, shirt', Hung. ko"po"nyeg 'raincoat' (Gombocz 1912).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pu"r, -u"gface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bridgeface="Times New Roman Star"ìîñòface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pru"gface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pru"g (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpu", ko"pru"face="Times New Roman Star"ku"per, ku"preface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pri (IM, AH), ko"pru"k (Abush., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"ku.prikface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pru"k, ko"vru"k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpu"face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pri




face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rbe, ku"rge
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'vu"ru"gface="Times New Roman Star"ko"'prigface="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"ro"face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"r, ko"pre (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pru"



face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 292, ÝÑÒß 5, 112-114.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"rkeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wooden dish, bowlface="Times New Roman Star"äåðåâÿííîå áëþäî, ÷àøà
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rge (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rge (Abush.), ko"rege (Sangl.)






face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rgu" 'ein grosses Birkenrindengefa"ss'
face="Times New Roman Star"korga 'scoop'









face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rege


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 742, VEWT 311, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 372.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"se-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to stir with a poker 2 pokerface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîìåøèâàòü êî÷åðãîé 2 êî÷åðãà


face="Times New Roman Star"kise|w (dial.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- (AH) 1, ku"segu" (IM) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se|j 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"so"v 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1, kesevi 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"zes 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"zu":s? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"sek 'lever, stick'

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ze- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"so"- 1, ko"so": 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1, ko"sew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ket|e|w, ku"d|e|w, ku"t|e|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sew 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1, ko"sew 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 119-121. The regular reflex would be expected as *go"se-; the shape ko"se- is probably due to the influence of *ko":r/ 'glowing coals' (cf. in MK: ko"ze- 'to stir with a poker').
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":l/ekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"young of camelface="Times New Roman Star"âåðáëþæîíîê

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek, go"s?ek (dial.), go"lu"k 'cub'
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?ek (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?a"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko":s?ek



face="Times New Roman Star" > Hung. ko"lyo"k (see Gombocz 1912)






face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ke|j 'calf'


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kile|j (dial.) 'cub'face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 126-127.
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"anus, buttocksface="Times New Roman Star"çàäíèöà, ÿãîäèöû
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"go"t
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MA, Pav. C.), MKypch. ko"t (CCum., Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"ket







face="Times New Roman Star"kot



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t



face="Times New Roman Star"go"tface="Times New Roman Star"ko"t


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 700, ÝÑÒß 3, 84-85, TMN 3, 618, Ìóäðàê 50, Ëåêñèêà 281, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 316. Cf. also *gu"tu"k 'tailless'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to rise, raiseface="Times New Roman Star"ïîäíèìàòü(ñÿ)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"te|r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- (Abush., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"ko.tar-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ta"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ter- (ßÆÓ)face="Times New Roman Star"go"t-face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"d@r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ketu"r-, ketir-
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t-; ko"to"r 'bird'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 'to fly; run'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'tu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"to"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ta"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter-

face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 706, ÝÑÒß 3, 86-88, Stachowski 158. Cf. also Karakh. ko"tki 'hill', ko"tu" 'the roof of a house' (MK, EDT 701).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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