| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*kem, *Ka- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 who 2 which | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êòî 2 êàêîé | face="Times New Roman Star"kem (OT, OUygh.) 1, qaju (OT, OUygh.), qanu (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem?kim (MK, KB) qaju (MK, KB) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim (Abush., IM) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim, kem (dial.) 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kym 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, xaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, kaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qym 1, qajy 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qum 1, qai 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kym 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"m 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 720-721, ÝÑÒß 5, 67-68, 191-192, Stachowski 134, 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:n, *ki:n-du"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 navel, navelstring, centre 2 navel of a musk-deer, musk | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïóïîê, ïóïîâèíà, öåíòð 2 ìóñêóñíàÿ æåëåçà, ìóñêóñ | face="Times New Roman Star"kin 'óòðîáà, vagina; ìóñêóñ', kindik 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kin (KB), ku"n (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, ku"nu"k (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (MA, Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, kindak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 (ßÆÓ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@n 1, k@nd@k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, kin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@nd@k (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:n 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2, xindik 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, 'belly' | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kinz?|ix, kintix 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 725, 729, ÝÑÒß 5, 68-69, Ëåêñèêà 279-280. Turk. > Mong. kindik (Ùåðáàê 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kir | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"dirt | face="Times New Roman Star"ãðÿçü | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"ker | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (Houts., Pav. C, AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"k@r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir@k 'dirt on body, dandruff' | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"xir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"ker |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 735, VEWT 271, ÝÑÒß 5, 69-70, Stachowski 148. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to enter | face="Times New Roman Star"âõîäèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 735-736, ÝÑÒß 3, 47-48, Stachowski 149. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyryl/ / *kiril/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"bow string | face="Times New Roman Star"òåòèâà | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? | face="Times New Roman Star"keres? | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? (Pav. C., IM, AH, Qutb.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? | face="Times New Roman Star"k@r@s, xyrys | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xirlu" | face="Times New Roman Star"kiris, kyrys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kiric? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kiris | face="Times New Roman Star"keres? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kiris? | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 71-72, Ëåêñèêà 578. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"eyelash | face="Times New Roman Star"ðåñíèöà | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerfek | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpu"k (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kiprik | face="Times New Roman Star"ki(r)pik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirmik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rb@k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"xúrbúx, xúrbúk, (dial.) xúrbu | face="Times New Roman Star"kirba"j, kirbi: 'edge' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rp@k | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerpek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ÝÑÒß 5, 74-75, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 333-334, Ëåêñèêà 213. Cf. also the verb *Kyrm- / *Kyrp- 'to wink' (ÝÑÒß 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"sable | face="Times New Roman Star"ñîáîëü | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (Orkh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MK, KB) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kes? | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MA, Pav. C., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"kis | face="Times New Roman Star"kis, kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, TMN 3, 664-665, EDT 752, Ùåðáàê 1961, 143, ÝÑÒß 5, 77-78, Ëåêñèêà 162-163, Stachowski 149 (one of the Turk.-Samoyed. contact words; because of the Tungus parallel, probably Turk. > Samoyed., despite Helimski 1995). The Chuvash form reveals irregular vocalism and may in fact reflect a merger with PT *Ku"l/u"l 'rat, mole' (v. sub *k`e>\l/u/). Turk. > Mong. er-kis 'male sable', ebsi-gis 'female sable' (see Clark 1980, 43). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kil/e- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to hobble, bound 2 fetters | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòðåíîæèòü 2 ïóòû | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?e- (OUygh.) 1, kis?en (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?e- (MK, KB) 1, kis?en (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes?an 'headstall, fetters' | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?te| 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?en 'chain' (Sangl., Houts.), Kypch. kis?en (CCum.) 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kis?e|n 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s?en 'chains' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kis?en 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kis?en 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 258, EDT 753. Some forms point to *ke:l/-, possibly under the influence of *kel/c? 'belt' (v. sub *k`e/l/e). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kil/i | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"person, people | face="Times New Roman Star"÷åëîâåê, ëþäè | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"k@z@ | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kihi | face="Times New Roman Star"kihi | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 752-753, ÝÑÒß 5, 78-79, Ëåêñèêà 325, Stachowski 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":pek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"navel | face="Times New Roman Star"ïóïîê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bek (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"bek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ba"k (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bek (Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ba"k | face="Times New Roman Star"go":bek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|vaba |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"bek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 285, EDT 688, ÝÑÒß 3, 52, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 247. Cf. also probably from the same root: Chuv. k@w|ps/a 'vagina', Tat. ko"ps?a" 'pipe-like stalk'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"ku"r/ (/*go"gu"r/), *Ko"krek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 breast 2 middle of the back 3 reason, sense, emotion 4 female breast | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü 2 ïîÿñíèöà, ñåðåäèíà ñïèíû 3 æåíñêàÿ ãðóäü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"z 1, 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"z 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"g|u"s 1, ko"krek 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1 (dial., ÊÑÒÒ), ku"kre|k 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gs, ko"gu"s (Sangl.), ko"ku"s (MA) 1, ko"krek (Abush., Áîð. Áàä.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.ks 1, 3, ko|kra"k 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s 1, ko"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s, go":s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ks, ko"ku"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"s 1, ku"krek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gis 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|gúw|r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"g|u"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ksu" 'back' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"ro"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kis 1, ko"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"frix 4? | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 714, VEWT 288, ÝÑÒß 3, 54-55, 5, 136-137, Ëåêñèêà 272-274, Stachowski 155. The Oghuz forms with k- (Turkm. ku"krek, Tur. dial. ko"krek) may be < Kypchak, cf. -u"- instead of -o"- in Turkm. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"n/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (itr.) 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to get burnt 5 soot 6 strong smell of burnt 7 unpleasant smell | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãîðåòü 2 æå÷ü 3 çàæèãàòü 4 îáãîðàòü 5 ñàæà 6 ñèëüíûé çàïàõ ãîðåëîãî 7 íåïðèÿòíûé çàïàõ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n- (Argu MK), ko"j- 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) ko"j-, ku"j- 1; ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (Abush., MA, Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuj- 1, kuja 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j-, ku"j- 1, ko"jdu"r- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ku"jo" (dial.) 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ko"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kie_n- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku", k@w|v 6 (Àøì.), k@w|s/ek 7; kúw|vajt 5 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, EDT 726, 730, ÝÑÒß 5, 88-89, 133, Ëåêñèêà 362, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 75. The Az. form is somewhat dubious, both semantically ("itch") and phonetically (irregular voiced g-). See also *ko"n/- 'to grieve, suffer'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"jke | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"kestrel, windhover, hawk | face="Times New Roman Star"ïóñòåëüãà, ÿñòðåá | face="Times New Roman Star"keku"k 'a bird of prey' (OUygh. - Irq Bitig) | face="Times New Roman Star"keku"k 'al-zummac, a bird the bones of which are used in conjurations and sorcery' (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jkenek (Pav. C., Abushk.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"venek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jkenek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jko" |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288, EDT 710, ÝÑÒß 5, 133-134, Ëåêñèêà 170. Turk. > Mong. ku"jku"nek. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"healthy, big, thick | face="Times New Roman Star"çäîðîâûé, áîëüøîé, òîëñòûé |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 93. Turkic > Khalkha xo"x 'massive (of muscles, flesh etc.)' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 blue 2 green ("macro-blue" according to Wierzbicka) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñèíèé 2 çåëåíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MK, KB), 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go":k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|vak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"x 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gux 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, TMN 3, 640-642, EDT 708-9, ÝÑÒß 3, 66-68, Ëåêñèêà 60, 604, Stachowski 165. In most languages the root also means 'sky'. Turk. > Hung. ke/k 'blue', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"k, *ko"ken | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 hinge, nail, peg, clasp 2 tether | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çàñòåæêà, ïåòëÿ, çàïîð 2 ïðèâÿçü äëÿ æèâîòíûõ |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 'belt for fixing the saddle', ko"gen 'rope for tethering calves, foals during milking' (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 'peg of a musical instrument', (dial.) ko"ken 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ge|n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 'nail' (R, Áóä. - Babur.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kukan 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ken 2 (ßÆÓ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ken 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|gan 'loop', (alúk) kúk@ 'prop of the door hinge' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"go"n 2 (Ïåê.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"go"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gen 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ge|n 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"wen 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, EDT 712, ÝÑÒß 5, 91, 93-94. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 seam 2 thin straps for sewing 3 to sew, lace 4 to tack 5 tack, basting 6 needlework 7 to fasten | face="Times New Roman Star"1 øîâ 2 òîíêèå ðåìåøêè äëÿ øèòüÿ 3 ïðîøèâàòü, ñòåãàòü, ïîäøèâàòü 4 îáìåòûâàòü, ïðèìåòàòü 5 íàìåòêà 6 øèòüå 7 ïðèñîåäèíÿòü, ïðèâÿçûâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (OUygh.) 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"kle|- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (Sangl., Abush.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.k 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 5, ko"kle|- 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 5, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kte- 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 6, ko"kto"- 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kúgúr- 7 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'k (Todzh.) 1, ko"kte- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 2, ko"kto"- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 2, ko"kle- 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, EDT 708, ÝÑÒß 91. Following EDT (and despite VEWT and ÝÑÒß) we prefer to separate this root from *ko"k 'hinge, peg, tether' (v. sub *k`o:ki/). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"root | face="Times New Roman Star"êîðåíü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (AH, Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|k (Anatri) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, EDT 708, TMN 3, 598, ÝÑÒß 5, 91-92, Ëåêñèêà 109. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":le | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 slave, servant 2 bastard 3 co-ruler, minister | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëóãà, ðàá 2 íåçàêîííîðîæäåííûé 3 ñîïðàâèòåëü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (? ku"l) an Old Turkic title (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l ( ? ku"l) 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":le 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lmo"k 'people' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l 'guests that have arrived' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*[k]o":l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lake | face="Times New Roman Star"îçåðî | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (IM, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l@ (NW), ku"l@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"l | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"See VEWT 288, ÝÑÒß 3, 69, 5, 95-96, Ëåêñèêà 91, Stachowski 165. |
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