| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 stout-hearted, courageous 2 thick, dense, abundant 3 wide, broad 4 well fed | face="Times New Roman Star"1 õðàáðûé 2 òîëñòûé, ïëîòíûé, îáèëüíûé 3 øèðîêèé 4 îòêîðìëåííûé |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r 1, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|r@w| 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xu"r 'healthy, well fed' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 'powerful' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 'friendly' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r 1, 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"r 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 310-311, EDT 735, ÝÑÒß 3, 106, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 277-278. Turk. > WMong. ku"r, Kalm. ku"r (KW 246). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gEru"l/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to quarrel, fight, wrestle | face="Times New Roman Star"ññîðèòüñÿ, äðàòüñÿ, áîðîòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?- (MK), ku"res?- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ra"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- (MA), gu"res?- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuras?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ra"s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"la"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?-, ku"res?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res 'wrestling' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xu"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"xires?-, xu"res?- ; xire- 'to start a fight' | face="Times New Roman Star"keris?-, ku"ro"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"keris-, ku"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ra"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- | face="Times New Roman Star"keris-, gu"res- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"res?- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 747-748, ÝÑÒß 3, 79-81, 5, 50-51, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 280. The peculiar variation of keris?- and ku"res?- in old sources allows perhaps to reconstruct the original shape *gero"l/-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ku"re- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to rake 2 spade, shovel | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñãðåáàòü 2 ëîïàòà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ri- (MK) 1, ku"rga"k (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"- 1, ku"rek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"re|- 1, ko"re|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kure|- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re|- 1, kure|k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"-, ku"ra"- 1, ku"ra"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rge|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|rez/e 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xu":rek, ku"ru"jek (Todzh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"xu"ru"j ek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ro"- 1, ku"ro"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"re|- 1, ko"re|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"- 1, ku"rek 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"rek 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 310, ÝÑÒß 5, 150-152, Stachowski 166. Turk. *ku"re-c?ek > MMong. ku"rz?|ek, WMong. ku"rz?|e, see Ùåðáàê 1997, 129 (borrowed back > Yak. ku"rz?|ex, Dolg. ku"rz?|ek, see Stachowski ibid.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"rt | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"snow drift, deep snow | face="Times New Roman Star"ñóãðîá, ãëóáîêèé ñíåã | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rtu"k (OUygh.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt (dial.), gu"rtu"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rt |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rt@k | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rtu"k, ku"rt |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@rt (Anatri) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rz?|u"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo"rtu"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rtu"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt, ku"rt@k | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt@k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rt | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 739, ÝÑÒß 5, 149-150. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"power | face="Times New Roman Star"ñèëà | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Sangl., Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"kus? | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ic? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku":s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 306, EDT 693, ÝÑÒß 3, 96-98, Stachowski 166. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"c?i- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"eagle | face="Times New Roman Star"îðåë |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c?en, gu"c?u"gen | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"co"ga"n (Sib.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?igen (Houts.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"gen (Tel.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kajúk-k@z?@k, kajúk-k@s? 'animals and birds' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"gen | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?igen |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"so"ga"n (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?igen |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 631, ÝÑÒß 5, 130. The Chuv. form is hardly derived from *Kul/ 'bird', despite Ôåäîòîâ 1, 289. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"l/u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 rat 2 mole | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûñà 2 êðîò |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?o"l (dial.) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z@l 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z?u"l 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?o"l 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 155. Turk. > Kalm. ku"s?l (KW 248). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu":d- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to wait 2 to attend 3 to respect 4 to graze | face="Times New Roman Star"1 æäàòü 2 ïðèñëóæèâàòü 3 ïî÷èòàòü 4 ïàñòè | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d|- 1, 3 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"t/d- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 'to lead cattle away from pasture' (Pav. C., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kut- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"t/d- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"zet- 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"t- 2, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku":t- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":t- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"t- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"t- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"t- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"t- 'âûïîëíÿòü' | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 701, VEWT 306, 312, ÝÑÒß 3, 107-108 (the variant *gu":t- is morphologically secondary, actually = *gu":du"-t-). The proposed derivation (see ÝÑÒß 108) from *gu"- (*ku"-), attested only in the OUygh. doublet ku"- ko"zed|- 'protect and keep' (see EDT 686) is far from certain (the meaning of ku"- here is not quite clear; ko"zed|- is probably < *go"r/- 'see, eye' = Yak., Dolg. ko"hu"t- 'wait'; Khak. ku"zet- above can reflect both *-r/- and *-d-). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kepelek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"butterfly | face="Times New Roman Star"áàáî÷êà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kepeli (MK), kebelek (Tefs.), kelebek (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kelebek; ko"pelek, kepenek (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be|le|k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pelek (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kapalak | face="Times New Roman Star"kepile|k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"pa"na"k | face="Times New Roman Star"kebelek, kepelek (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"xobanax, xubanax | face="Times New Roman Star"xopax | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"lo"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xovag|an |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"po"lo"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pelek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ba"la"k | face="Times New Roman Star"go"belekke | face="Times New Roman Star"kelebek | face="Times New Roman Star"k/eb/elak | face="Times New Roman Star"go"belek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"melek | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 689, ÝÑÒß 5, 13-15, Ëåêñèêà 187. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pi- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to oversew, quilt | face="Times New Roman Star"ñøèâàòü ÷åðåç êðàé, ïðîñòåãèâàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"bi- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"bu"-, go"bu" 'òîëñòûé øîâ', ko"pu"- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be- (Sib.) | face="Times New Roman Star"(Kypch.) ku"bV- (AH) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"bu"r- (Tel.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 306, ÝÑÒß 5, 111, EDT 687. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"pe(ne) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"haystack | face="Times New Roman Star"ñòîã ñåíà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"geben | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"koba |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xo"pe:n |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"keben | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 15, 80, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 308-309. Turk. > Hung. kepe 'sheaf', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"r/ ( = *go"r-s) / *go"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 eye (*go"r/) 2 to see, look (*go"r-) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãëàç 2 âèäåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (Orkh., Yen.,OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z (Sangl., Pav. C.), ko"z (Vam.) 1, ko"r- (MA, Abush., Sangl.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.z 1, ku.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, go"r- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (Sag.) 1, ko"zenek (Kyzil.) 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (R) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s, dial. ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/ 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"stu"k 'eye-glass', ko"sku" 'visible, good-eyed', ko"skenek 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sku"t- 'to show', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d| 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"goz/koz 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"(:)z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 292, TMN 3, 637f, EDT 756 (*go"r/), 736 (*go"r-), Ôåäîòîâ 1, 310, 314, ÝÑÒß 3, 60-64 (*go"r/), 77-79, 81-84 (*go"r-), Ëåêñèêà 209, Stachowski 155, 156. The Chuv. reflex requires a supposition of a final cluster (*rs) in the nominal stem; this may be a suffixed deverbative. OT ko"ru"g 'glance; image' > MMo, WMong. ko"ru"g 'image'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"k, *ko"ken | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 hinge, nail, peg, clasp 2 tether | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çàñòåæêà, ïåòëÿ, çàïîð 2 ïðèâÿçü äëÿ æèâîòíûõ |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 'belt for fixing the saddle', ko"gen 'rope for tethering calves, foals during milking' (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 'peg of a musical instrument', (dial.) ko"ken 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ge|n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 'nail' (R, Áóä. - Babur.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kukan 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ken 2 (ßÆÓ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ken 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|gan 'loop', (alúk) kúk@ 'prop of the door hinge' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"go"n 2 (Ïåê.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"go"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gen 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ge|n 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"wen 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, EDT 712, ÝÑÒß 5, 91, 93-94. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ku":se- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to wish, want, will | face="Times New Roman Star"æåëàòü, õîòåòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- (MK, KB) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se|- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- (AH, Qutb.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kuse|- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku":se- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"'ze- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"so"- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"he|- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 311-312, ÝÑÒß 5, 135. Tuva forms reflect a short *-u">-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"n/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (itr.) 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to get burnt 5 soot 6 strong smell of burnt 7 unpleasant smell | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãîðåòü 2 æå÷ü 3 çàæèãàòü 4 îáãîðàòü 5 ñàæà 6 ñèëüíûé çàïàõ ãîðåëîãî 7 íåïðèÿòíûé çàïàõ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n- (Argu MK), ko"j- 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) ko"j-, ku"j- 1; ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (Abush., MA, Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuj- 1, kuja 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j-, ku"j- 1, ko"jdu"r- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ku"jo" (dial.) 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ko"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kie_n- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku", k@w|v 6 (Àøì.), k@w|s/ek 7; kúw|vajt 5 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, EDT 726, 730, ÝÑÒß 5, 88-89, 133, Ëåêñèêà 362, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 75. The Az. form is somewhat dubious, both semantically ("itch") and phonetically (irregular voiced g-). See also *ko"n/- 'to grieve, suffer'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 blue 2 green ("macro-blue" according to Wierzbicka) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñèíèé 2 çåëåíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MK, KB), 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go":k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|vak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"x 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gux 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, TMN 3, 640-642, EDT 708-9, ÝÑÒß 3, 66-68, Ëåêñèêà 60, 604, Stachowski 165. In most languages the root also means 'sky'. Turk. > Hung. ke/k 'blue', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"ku"r/ (/*go"gu"r/), *Ko"krek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 breast 2 middle of the back 3 reason, sense, emotion 4 female breast | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü 2 ïîÿñíèöà, ñåðåäèíà ñïèíû 3 æåíñêàÿ ãðóäü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"z 1, 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"z 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"g|u"s 1, ko"krek 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1 (dial., ÊÑÒÒ), ku"kre|k 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gs, ko"gu"s (Sangl.), ko"ku"s (MA) 1, ko"krek (Abush., Áîð. Áàä.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.ks 1, 3, ko|kra"k 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s 1, ko"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s, go":s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ks, ko"ku"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"s 1, ku"krek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gis 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|gúw|r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"g|u"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ksu" 'back' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"ro"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kis 1, ko"kra"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"frix 4? | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 714, VEWT 288, ÝÑÒß 3, 54-55, 5, 136-137, Ëåêñèêà 272-274, Stachowski 155. The Oghuz forms with k- (Turkm. ku"krek, Tur. dial. ko"krek) may be < Kypchak, cf. -u"- instead of -o"- in Turkm. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*[k]o":l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lake | face="Times New Roman Star"îçåðî | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (IM, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l@ (NW), ku"l@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"l | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"See VEWT 288, ÝÑÒß 3, 69, 5, 95-96, Ëåêñèêà 91, Stachowski 165. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"jn|e-lek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"shirt | face="Times New Roman Star"ðóáàøêà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jna"k, dial. go"n|lek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lma"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (Sangl., MA, Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.), ko"jnek (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.jnak, ko.jlak | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|la"k, ko"n|nek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek, dial. go"mlek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"genek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nek |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nju"ga"s 'ñòàðèííîå íàçâàíèå äîõè' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo"jlen| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lda"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lek | face="Times New Roman Star"go"lma"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lmek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"lek | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290-291, EDT 732, ÝÑÒß 5, 89-90, Ëåêñèêà 384, 476-477. Turk. > WMong. ku"jileg, Kalm. ki:l@g (KW 234), MMong. ko"n|lek (TMN 3, 615, Ùåðáàê 1997, 128). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"l- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 shadow 2 to shadow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 òåíü 2 äàâàòü òåíü, çàòåíÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"- (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge, ko"lge (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lege (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.lke|, ku.le|ke| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le|n|ge|, ko"lige| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lga" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lge 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le- 2, ko"lek 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"- 2, ko"lo"n|o" 2 |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ko" 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"letke 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"len|ke 1 |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288-289, 294, EDT 716-718, ÝÑÒß 5, 96-97, 128, Stachowski 164. Should be distinguished from *Ko"l/- 'to screen' (v. sub *ge:\l/a). |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
