▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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face="Times New Roman Star"*KAc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to run away, flee | face="Times New Roman Star"óáåãàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- (Orkh., Yen.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- (Houts., AH, IM, MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"xas- | face="Times New Roman Star"qas?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qas?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qas?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qas?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qas- | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"qas?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qac?- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217, ÝÑÒß 5, 340-342. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:c?a | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"earthenware vessel, cup | face="Times New Roman Star"ãëèíÿíûé ñîñóä, ÷àøà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qac?a (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kap-kaz?|ak |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qac?a |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gab-Gaz?|aG | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:p-Ga:z?|aG |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:hax 'big leather-bag, big leather-sack' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217 (hardly < Pers.), EDT 590, ÝÑÒß 5, 342-343. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:ta- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to stick into 2 nail | face="Times New Roman Star"1 âîíçàòü(ñÿ) 2 ãâîçäü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kada- 1, kadak 2 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- (Abush., Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qado|q 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qatag| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"GadaG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gadaq 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xudav 2 (Anatri) | face="Times New Roman Star"xata:- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kata:- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadag| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qado: 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217-8, ÝÑÒß 5, 180-182, TMN 3, 420-422, Àøì. XIV, 257, Stachowski 141. Because of the lack of ancient attestation one cannot exclude a borrowing < Mong. (although the variant qadag|a is very poorly represented there, and may itself be borrowed < Turk.). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.jyn- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to boil (Intr.) | face="Times New Roman Star"âàðèòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kajna- | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- (Qutb., IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|jne|- | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gajna- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gajna- | face="Times New Roman Star"xajna- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ky:j- (kyn/n/y-) | face="Times New Roman Star"kyjnar-, ky:jnar- (trans.) | face="Times New Roman Star"xajyn- | face="Times New Roman Star"xe:in- | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- | face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qajna- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 222, ÝÑÒß 5, 203-205, Stachowski 168, 171. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kia:l- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to stay behind, remain | face="Times New Roman Star"îñòàâàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- (Orkh., OUygh., Yenis.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- (Sangl., Qutb., Houts., AH, IM, MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|l- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gal- | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:l- | face="Times New Roman Star"xal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jol- | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:l- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka:l- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"qal- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qal- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qal- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 615-616, VEWT 224, ÝÑÒß 5, 226-227, Åãîðîâ 347, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 483, Stachowski 142. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:la- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to heap up, pile up | face="Times New Roman Star"íàêëàäûâàòü, íàãðîìîæäàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qala- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. kala-, gala- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qala- (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|la- | face="Times New Roman Star"qala- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gala- | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Ga:la- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qala- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:la- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qala- | face="Times New Roman Star"qala- | face="Times New Roman Star"qala- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qala- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qala- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 224, EDT 617, ÝÑÒß 5, 228-229. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kalpak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hat | face="Times New Roman Star"øàïêà, øëÿïà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kalpak | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpo|q | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalmaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Galpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"xalbax, xalpax |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xalpa:q |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalfaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qalpaq | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 234-235. The word is not attested in OT; cf. however the common Slavic loanword *klobukú, attested in Russian sources already in the 12th century (in ÷üðíèè êëîáóöè 'black hats' = the Karakalpaks, but with characteristically Bulgarian phonology). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.ma | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 beaver 2 otter | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áîáåð 2 âûäðà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xam-nos, xam c?at (Âåðá.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamna(g|y) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamdu 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|ma 'beaver, marten' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 242, Ëåêñèêà 162, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 145. Also PT *Kam-tur/ 'beaver, otter' (VEWT 228, Ëåêñèêà 162) (*Kam-tur/ may be a compound < *Kama + *utyr/ 'otter' q. v. sub *o/n|du; Ëåêñèêà ibid., however, suggests rather *Kam-luc?, with a diminutive *-luc?. There is also a variant *Kun-tur/ (with *Kunu 'wolverine'? - see, however, TMN 3, 524, with a suggestion of Turk. < Pers.). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*KA:ma- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 become blinded, dumb 2 (set) teeth on edge 3 to be tired, pine, droop | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëåïíóòü, ãëîõíóòü 2 íàáèâàòü îñêîìèíó 3 óñòàâàòü, èçíåìîãàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qamas?- (Orkh.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qama- (MK, KB) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kamas?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamas?- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamas?- (Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä., MA) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|me|s?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamas?- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gamas?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:mas?- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qama- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qama- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qama- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamas?- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamas- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qama- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, ÝÑÒß 5, 242-243, 246-247. Cf. also Kirgh., Kaz. qam 'sorrow', Turkm. Gam GajGy 'mischief, sorrow'. Turk. > MMong. (MA) qama- id. (see Ùåðáàê 1997, 197). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAmgak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"saltwort, Salsula | face="Times New Roman Star"ñîëÿíêà, ïîòàøíèê, Salsula | face="Times New Roman Star"qamg|aq (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qamg|aq (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamg|aq (Qutb., Pav. C.), qamqaq (Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|mg|o|q | face="Times New Roman Star"qamg|aq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gamaq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamg|aq | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|baq | face="Times New Roman Star"qambaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qamg|aq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|baq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qammaq | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 627, VEWT 229, ÝÑÒß 5, 244-245. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kia:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"blood | face="Times New Roman Star"êðîâü | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|n | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"Gan | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:n | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:n | face="Times New Roman Star"jon | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:n | face="Times New Roman Star"ka:n | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga(:)n | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, TMN 3, 360-361, EDT 629-630, ÝÑÒß 5, 251, Åãîðîâ 349, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 486, Stachowski 142. Turk. > WMong. qana- 'to let bleed' (KW 166, TMN 3, 361, Ùåðáàê 1997, 133). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to be satisfied | face="Times New Roman Star"áûòü óäîâëåòâîðåííûì | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) qan- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|n- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gan- | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"xan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xan- | face="Times New Roman Star"kan- | face="Times New Roman Star"xan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 632, VEWT 230, ÝÑÒß 5, 251-252, Stachowski 136. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:jnat | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 wing 2 fin | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûëî 2 ïëàâíèê | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (OUygh.- YB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (Abush., MA) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qano|t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qejnat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ganad, ga"na"d (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:nat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2, qanar 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/onat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kynat, kyjyat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kynat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (Kakuk,ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, TMN 3, 518, EDT 635, ÝÑÒß 5, 252-253, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 137, Ëåêñèêà 149-150, Stachowski 168. Initial s/- in Chuv. is unclear (effect of *-j-?). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAn|-c?yk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 bitch 2 female | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñóêà 2 ñàìêà | face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kanz?|yk 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq (Pav. C., Houts., Qutb.), qanc?uq (AH) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|nz?|iq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?uq, qanz?|iq (dial.) 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Ganz?|yG 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ganz?|yq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qans?yq, qan|s?y 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanz?|yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qansyq, qansaj 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qans?yq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, ÝÑÒß 5, 255-256, Ëåêñèêà 190. The original *-n|- is probably preserved in Kaz. qan|s?y. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:p | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 sack 2 to surround | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìåøîê 2 îêðóæàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 (MA, IM), qaba- 'to besiege' (Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|p 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1, dial. qaba- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gab | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:p 1, Ga:ba- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xappar 1 (?) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap/b- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 233, TMN 3, 366-367, EDT 578 (should be separated from *kab!) ÝÑÒß 5, 159, 266-267 (with a partial confusion with another root, probably of Mongolian origin, see under *KAmug), 266-267. Despite Doerfer (ibid.) the resemblance with *Ka:puk 'bark' is only superficial. See also notes to *K(i)amak / *K(i)apak 'forehead, eyebrow/eyelid'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to snatch, take 2 to bite | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áðàòü, õâàòàòü 2 êóñàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (AH, IM, Pav. C., Qutb) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|p- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xyp- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap- 1,2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qa'p- 'to grab with one's mouth; bite (of fish)' | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qab- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 233, EDT 580, ÝÑÒß 5, 264-265, TMN 3, 373-374. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kybak / *Kabak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"white poplar, willow | face="Times New Roman Star"áåëûé òîïîëü, èâà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kavak | face="Times New Roman Star"quvaq | face="Times New Roman Star"qawaq (Houts.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq (Jarr.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"GovaG |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qa:q, dial. qabaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"õúw|va |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:k | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qywaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qavaq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 215, ÝÑÒß 5, 170-171, TMN 3, 534-535. The variant *Kabak is probably secondary, due to vowel assimilation; qapaq in Uygh. is also secondary - a contamination with *Kap- 'cover'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:p- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to swell, form blisters 2 thick, swollen 3 hill, mound | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàñïóõàòü, íàðûâàòü 2 òîëñòûé, ðàñïóõøèé 3 õîëì, âîçâûøåíèå |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapar- 1, qapa (MK) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"kabar- 1, kaba 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qaba 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) qabar- (AH) 1, qaba (Houts., AH) 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapa(r)- 1, dial. qova 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gabar- 1, Gaba 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:bar- 1, Ga:ba 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|ba-lan- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaba-lan- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xavar-, xapyj- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qabaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qaba 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qabaq 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qapa 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qabar- 1, qaba 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 215, 233, ÝÑÒß 5, 158, 165-166. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 cover (n.) 2 gate, door 3 to close | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûøêà 2 âîðîòà, äâåðü 3 çàêðûâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qapag|, qapyg| (Orkh., OUygh.) 2, qapg|y (Orkh.) 2, qapaq (OUygh.) 1, qap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapug| (MK, KB), qapg|aq (MK) 1, qapug| (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kapak 1, kapy 2, kapa- 3, kap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qapqaq 1, qapqa 2, qapla- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabag| (Qutb.) 1, qapu (Houts., Pav. C.) 2, qabug| (Qutb.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|pe|qo|q 1, qo|pqe| 2, qo|ple|- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap(q)aq 1, dial. qobug| 2, qapla- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"GapaG 1, Gapy 2, Gapa- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gapaq 1, Gapy 2, dial. Gap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaxpax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xobú 1, xop(la)- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xappax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kappakta:- 'to cover' | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapqaq 1, qapqa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1, qapy 2, qaqpa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq 1, qapy 2, qap(l)a- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapqa 2, qapla- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1, qapy 2, qaqpa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:vu 2 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"qapu 2, qabaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 203, TMN 3, 369, ÝÑÒß 5, 160, 263-264, 274-275, Ëåêñèêà 510, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 358-359, Stachowski 138 (there is also a variant *Ka:p- - due to merger with another root *Ka:p-, v. sub *k[a:]p`a/; the meaning 'cover' here is probably secondary). Turk. > Mong. qabqag| 'cover' (whence Evk. kapkak, see Doerfer MT 125), qabqa 'gate', see TMN 3, 371, 415, Hung. kapu 'gate', see Gombocz 1912. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kaptal | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"side | face="Times New Roman Star"áîê |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal (R - ShS, Vam.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|pto|l | face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Gapdal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal | face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaptal |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 267-268. |
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