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| face="Times New Roman Star"*tu"n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 night 2 yesterday | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íî÷ü 2 â÷åðà | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (MK, KB), du"n, tu"n 'night, dark' (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (Abush.), 'dark' (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tune, tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"na"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du":n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, 'dark' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n | face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tun, tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 505, EDT 513, ÝÑÒß 3, 315-316, Ëåêñèêà 81, Stachowski 236. Cf. also Yak. tu"n| 'dark, darkness' (< *tu"n-Vk). The variant *du":n, reflected in some languages, is obviously due to a secondary influence of *du":l/ 'dream' (v. sub *t`u:l/ke), as well as the archaic compound *tu"-gu"n 'yesterday' (*'that day'), preserved in: Tur. dial. du"hu"n, SUygh. tugyn, Tuva, Tof. du":n. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to grasp | face="Times New Roman Star"äåðæàòü, õâàòàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (Sangl., Abush., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyt- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu't- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu't- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 502, EDT 451, Åãîðîâ 268-269, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 268-269, Stachowski 233. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"end, edge | face="Times New Roman Star"êîíåö, êðàé | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>c? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?| | face="Times New Roman Star"u:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"us | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|s/ | face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk | face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk | face="Times New Roman Star"us? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>s? | face="Times New Roman Star"us? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"us? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17-18, ÝÑÒß 1, 611-612, Stachowski 241. The derived *u:c?-yk 'end (of thread etc.)' (ÝÑÒß 1, 615-616) > Mong. uc?ig 'end of thread') (despite TMN 2, 135). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ud | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ox, bull | face="Times New Roman Star"âîë, áûê | face="Times New Roman Star"ud (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ud| (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uj (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uj | face="Times New Roman Star"ut |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uj |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uj |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 34, ÝÑÒß 1, 572-573, Ëåêñèêà 434-435 ( > MMong. uj, Ùåðáàê 1997, 161). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:ja ( < *a:n|/a) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"palm (of hand) | face="Times New Roman Star"ëàäîíü | face="Times New Roman Star"aja (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"aja (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"aja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"aja (Sangl.; MKypch.- Houts., AH) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"x|aja, x|ajan |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a:ja | face="Times New Roman Star"aja |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"aja 'center of a palm' | face="Times New Roman Star"aja | face="Times New Roman Star"aja 'ìåðà äëèíû - ïàëüìà; ãðåáåíü äëÿ ÷åñàíèÿ ïóõà' | face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz (< ôîðìû 3 ë.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"aja | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 10, ÝÑÒß 1, 100-101, Äûáî 179-181, Ëåêñèêà 252. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jala- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 sacred band 2 flag 3 tie, strap | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñâÿùåííàÿ ëåíòà, âåðåâî÷êà, ïó÷îê âîëîñ (ïðèâÿçûâàåìàÿ ê äåðåâó èëè øàìàíñêîé êîëîòóøêå) 2 çíàìÿ, ôëàã 3 çàâÿçêà, ïîâÿçêà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jalaw (dial.) 2, jala 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"jalaw (Áîð. Áàä.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jalo|w 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ala (dial.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ala 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jalow (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ala(n|)ma 1, c?ala: 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ala 3, c?alaba 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jalag|a, d/alag|a 3, jalama, d/alama 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"salama 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ala: 3, c?alama 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|alau 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?alaw 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?alaw 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 99-100, VEWT 181. Turk. *jala-gu, *jala-ga and *jala-ma seem to be derived from a common root, thus it is most probable that Mong. z?|alama 'sacred strips' and z?|alag|a 'tassel, thick silk thread' are borrowed from Turkic and not vice versa. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*je:l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 mane 2 feather | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðèâà 2 ïåðî | face="Times New Roman Star"jel 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jel 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jele 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|el/y 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"la"la"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jelek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilen 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ja"la":k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s/ilg|e 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"siel 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?el 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?el 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jela" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"lelek 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 181, TMN 4, 188-189, EDT 916, ÝÑÒß 4, 85-86 (confused with *ja:l, v. sub *da:/lV), Ëåêñèêà 147, 566. The Oghuz name of 'feather' (jelek / lelek, see ÝÑÒß 4, 179) is probably derived from this root; perhaps also *jel-ke 'back of head (including the neck)', see VEWT 196, ÝÑÒß 4, 181. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jEr/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"copper | face="Times New Roman Star"ìåäü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jez (TT) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|iz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ez | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|a"z | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|es |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?is | face="Times New Roman Star"c?es | face="Times New Roman Star"jes, d/es |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?es | face="Times New Roman Star"c?es | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ez | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ez | face="Times New Roman Star"jez | face="Times New Roman Star"jed| | face="Times New Roman Star"zez |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jez | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ez |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jez | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 982, VEWT 199, ÝÑÒß 4, 168-169, Ëåêñèêà 404-405. Turk. > Mong. jez, z?|es id. (Clark 1980, 39, Ùåðáàê 1997, 123). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jen|gu"-l, jen|i-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"light | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåãêèé | face="Times New Roman Star"jenik, jo"n|u"l (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n|u"l (Tefs., IM), jenik 'light', jeni- 'to become light' (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"jeni, ju"nu"l, jejni | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|in|el | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|gil (Sangl.), ju"ngu"l (MKypch. - Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jenik, jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ig (<*jen|ig) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ngu"l, jejin | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ni:k (< *jen|ik) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"d/en|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jin|gil, jejin | face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|múw|l |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:k (< *jen|ik) | face="Times New Roman Star"nin|es? | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|en|il | face="Times New Roman Star"z?en|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|el | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|en|gil, z?engil, zengil | face="Times New Roman Star"jilin | face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il, jen|gil, jenil | face="Times New Roman Star"z?en|il |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jen|il | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 948, 950, VEWT 198, ÝÑÒß 4, 188, 184, Ëåêñèêà 340. Turk. > Hung. gyenge 'weak', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*je.gre-n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 yellow (of a horse) 2 deer, antelope | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðûæèé (î ìàñòè ëîøàäè) 2 îëåíü, äæåéðàí, àíòèëîïà | face="Times New Roman Star"jegren 1 (Orkh.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|eran, z?|eren (DS) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|iren 1, je|rde| (Tar.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ejren (Áóä.) 1, z?|eren 2 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ijro|n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ir@n 1, dial. z?|eren, z?|@rr@n, z?|egren 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|iger, jiger, z?|ig|yr, jig|yr 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jegren, jergen 1, dial. z?|eren 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?igren, dial. c?ig@r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?eren, c?egren, c?ergen (R) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jeren, je:ren, d/e:ren 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/u"ren 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sier 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?e:ren 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ejren 1, 2, z?|e:rde 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ijren 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jijren 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jeren 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?ijren 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 22-24, 36. Turk. > Mong. z?|eg|ir-, z?|eg|erde (TMN 1, 289, 4, 184) > Sol. z?|egere 'antelope', Man. z?|erde (see Doerfer MT 136) > MKor. c?j@rta (ma>r) (see Lee 1958, 119). Pers. z?|ejran ( < Turk. or Mong.) is widely borrowed back into Turkic (Tur., Az. z?|ejran etc.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*c?yg (?-y:-) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 reed 2 reed mat 3 things woven from reed | face="Times New Roman Star"1 òðîñòíèê, ÷èé 2 òðîñòíèêîâàÿ öèíîâêà 3 èçäåëèÿ, ïëåòåíûå èç ÷èÿ (òðîñòíèêà) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg| (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg| (MK) 'reed screen' | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|, c?ig| 'reed partition' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg| 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ij 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ig| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ig| 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ij 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ij 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ij 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ijboj 'ëþáèñòîê' (?) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ij 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s?ij 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 107, 110; EDT 404, 412. Turk. > MMong. (HY 20) c?ix, WMong. c?ig, Khalkha c?ig, Ord. c?i:g 'bamboo screen'. The Nogh. form may be a compound; for the second part cf. *byn/an. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ijik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"spindle | face="Times New Roman Star"âåðåòåíî |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ik, jik, ijik (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ig|, ij, iji |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ik (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ik, jik, z?|ik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ik | face="Times New Roman Star"ij | face="Times New Roman Star"i:k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"i:k | face="Times New Roman Star"i:k, ijik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@ge |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ijik |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i: |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ijik |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 170, EDT 99, ÝÑÒß 1, 336-337, Åãîðîâ 77. Az., Turk., Gag. have a secondary voicing due to early contraction *-iji- > *-i:-. Turk. > Mong. ig 'spindle' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 123); the derivative *ijik-lig (Chag. iklig| 'violin', cf. Khak. i:k id. (see VEWT 179) > Kalm. ik@l/@ (KW 206). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ym- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to pinch 2 a pinch, thimbleful | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ùèïàòü, áðàòü ùèïêîì 2 ùèïîê, ùåïîòêà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?imdik, c?imz?|ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?emc?e-t-, c?emc?e-n- 1, c?emc?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?imdi- 1, c?imdik 2 (Pav. C.), (CCum.) c?ymdy- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?im-, c?imc?i-, c?imc?i-la-, c?imdi-, c?imi-t- 1, c?imdi-m 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?imdi-, c?imqi- 1, c?ymdim 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|/ume- 'to pick out, pull out' | face="Times New Roman Star"c?imdik-le- 1, c?imdik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"mmu"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ymz?|y-la- 1, c?ymc?yx 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?imc?i- 1, s?imc?ik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ymc?y- 1, c?ymc?y-m 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?@b@t- 1, c?@pt@m, c?@pk@m 2 (?) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"s?ymc?y- 1, s?ymc?ym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ymz?|y- 1, s?ymz?|ym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ymc?y-, c?ymc?y-la- 1, c?ymc?ym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?yms?y-, s?yms?y-la- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ymty- 1, s?ymqym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"semte- 1, semte-m 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?imdi- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?imdik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?imde- 1, c?imdik 2, cymda-, c?ymda- 'to bite' | face="Times New Roman Star"s?yms?y-, s?yms?y-la- 1, s?ym, s?yms?ym 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 108, TMN 3, 99, Åãîðîâ 323, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 413. Chuv. c?@b@t- is phonetically strange; it may reflect a secondary denasalization (Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 50), but may actually be a trace of a different root, cf. PA *c?`i/p`u/ or *c?`abo. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jut | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 bad weather, bad harvest 2 hunger, trouble | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äóðíàÿ ïîãîäà, íåóðîæàé 2 ãîëîä, áåäà | face="Times New Roman Star"jut (Orkh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jut (MK) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jut (Pav. C., AH, Áîð. Áàä.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jut 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ut, z?|u"t 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"t 'lean, meagre' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ut 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ut 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jut, d/ut 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sut 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ut 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ut 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ut 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jut 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jot 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?u>t 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jut 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 883, VEWT 211-212, ÝÑÒß 4, 256-257. Turk. > Mong. *z?|ud, *z?|uta- (KW 481, TMN 4, 210, Ùåðáàê 1997, 125). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:puk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 bark (n.) 2 shell | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîðà 2 ñêîðëóïà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq (Tefs.) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kabuk 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapuq 1 (MA, AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|biq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qobuq (R, o-t) 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"GabyG 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:byG 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xabyx (Kach.) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xobú 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xavyq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabuq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap, qaby 1, 2 'external cover, covering' | face="Times New Roman Star"qabux 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qabuq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 234, TMN 3, 368-9, ÝÑÒß 5, 168, Ëåêñèêà 107, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 358. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ysyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to bite | face="Times New Roman Star"êóñàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-, ysur- 'to bite, to eat' (Abush., Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:- | face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:- | face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"y'syr- | face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 167, EDT 251, ÝÑÒß 1, 671-672, Stachowski 262, 263. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kEmu"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 bone 2 spongy bone 3 cartilage | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîñòü 2 ãóá÷àòàÿ êîñòü 3 õðÿù |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemu"k (MA) 3, ko"mu"k (Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko|mik, ge|mik (dial.) 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ke:mik 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemyk 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251, EDT 722, ÝÑÒß 5, 36-38, Ëåêñèêà 261-262. Turk. > Mong. kemik 'cartilage' (see Ùåðáàê 1997, 126; but the derivation of the Turk. form from *gemu"r- 'to gnaw' (v. sub *ke>\ma) is a folk etymology, although some contaminations were possible: Yak. ko"mu"ru"o" 'spongy bone' semantically continues *kemu"k, but formally is derived from *gemu"r-. MK has kemdi- 'to cut meat from the bones' and kemdu"k 'bone with meat cut off' - forms that may be related both to *kemu"k and *gemu"r-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*me:me (*be:me) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 breast (fem.) 2 nipple 3(poet.) breast | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü (æ.) 2 ñîñîê 3 ãðóäü (ïîýò.) 4 ñîñêà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"meme 1, Old Osm. memek (17th c.) | face="Times New Roman Star"me|mi, me|me|j 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ma":me 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ma":ma"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"me:me: 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ma"mma" 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"An onomatopoetic root. See VEWT 333, ÝÑÒß VII. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jak- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (tr.) 2 light, ray 3 to produce fire | face="Times New Roman Star"1 æå÷ü 2 ñâåò, ëó÷ 3 âûñåêàòü îãîíü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jak- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jag|- 1, jaqty 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jo|q- 1, jo|g|du 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jax- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jag|ty 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ja:q- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"s/ot- 1, s/o-dú 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"saq- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'q- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jaqty 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1, z?aqty 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 180, TMN 4, 201-202, EDT 897, ÝÑÒß 4, 62, 81-82, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 146, Ëåêñèêà 362. This stem should be distinguished from *jan- 'to burn (intr.)'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"1 dog 2 hound 3 sheep-dog 4 yard dog 5 puppy | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîáàêà 2 îõîòíè÷èé ïåñ 3 îâ÷àðêà 4 äâîðîâàÿ ñîáàêà 5 ùåíîê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1, go"belek 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek (Pav. C., AH) 1, ko"belek 2 (OKypch.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.ppa"k 1; ko"pa"k 1 (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pa"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"k 'ethnonym; name of a hero' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe 1 (K) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"belek 3, go"ben it 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, TMN 3, 646-647, ÝÑÒß 5, 111-112, Ëåêñèêà 189. Basically an Oghuz word, but cf. also Kum. go"ben, OKypch. ko"belek 'shepherd's dog' (Bulgat, ad-Durr., Houts., AH) = Tur. dial. go"belek 'puppy' (possibly < Kypch.), see ÝÑÒß ibid. Despite ÝÑÒß, Kirgh. qara ko"bo"lo"k 'evil spirit appearing as a girl dressed in black and with a black greyhound' is rather = ko"bo"lo"k 'butterfly' (cf. the archaic mythological motive of evil spirit appearing as a butterfly), but a contamination with the word for dog attested in Old Kypchak also cannot be excluded. However, Kalm. ko"wl@g 'greyhound' is not < Kirgh., but from Old Kypchak. The same source is probable for Russ. êîáåëü, dimin. êîáåëå'ê (a re-analysis?) - the word is absent in other Slavic languages, the list of absolutely hopeless etymological attempts can be found in Ôàñìåð II 267. It was attested for the first time in 1599 as a term for a hounting hound: ó ãîñóäàðåâû öàðåâû îõîòû ó êîáåëåé ó ìåäåëÿíñêèõú; the form êîáåëåê (attested in 1673) see in ÑÐß XI-XVIII, 7, 208. Turk. > Hung. kopo/ 'bloodhound', see Gombocz 1912 (Doerfer in TMN 3, 647 objects, but the word has no Finno-Ugric etymology). |
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