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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*jun|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 wool 2 small feathers, down 3 feather 4 faded furface="Times New Roman Star"1 øåðñòü 2 ïóõ 3 ïåðî 4 ëèíüêàface="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 (KB), 2, 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"jon 3face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 (Áîð. Áàä.), ju"n| 1 (Pav. C., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1face="Times New Roman Star"jun|, z?|un| 1face="Times New Roman Star"jun|, ju"n|, jun 3face="Times New Roman Star"jun 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"nu"n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?um 2face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n|, jum, jym, d/un| 1face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|m 1face="Times New Roman Star"sun| 4
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"n| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"n 1,2,3face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"jo"n 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n, jun 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 211, EDT 941, ÝÑÒß 4, 267-268, Ëåêñèêà 146. This root should not be confused with *ju"g 'feather' (v. sub *d[e/]gi).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jubkaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thin, slender, unsubstantialface="Times New Roman Star"òîíêèéface="Times New Roman Star"juqa (OUygh.), jujqa (Orkh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jupqa, juvqa (MK), juvg|a (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"jufkaface="Times New Roman Star"juqaface="Times New Roman Star"jufqa (AH), juqa (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"jupqaface="Times New Roman Star"jupqa, juqa, z?upqa, z?uquface="Times New Roman Star"juqaface="Times New Roman Star"juxaface="Times New Roman Star"ju:qaface="Times New Roman Star"c?ug|aface="Times New Roman Star"c?og|aface="Times New Roman Star"d/uqa
face="Times New Roman Star"s/u"g|e

face="Times New Roman Star"c?ug|aface="Times New Roman Star"c?ug|aface="Times New Roman Star"z?|upqa, z?|uqaface="Times New Roman Star"z?uqaface="Times New Roman Star"juqaface="Times New Roman Star"joqaface="Times New Roman Star"z?uqaface="Times New Roman Star"jufqa, jyfqaface="Times New Roman Star"juwg|a, jufqaface="Times New Roman Star"z?u>qaface="Times New Roman Star"jox|baface="Times New Roman Star"juqqaface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 209, TMN 4, 211-212, EDT 874, ÝÑÒß 4, 241-242.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ban/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fatface="Times New Roman Star"æèð


face="Times New Roman Star"majface="Times New Roman Star"maj (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"mo|jface="Times New Roman Star"maj

face="Times New Roman Star"majface="Times New Roman Star"sar-maj 'butter' (Sag.)
face="Times New Roman Star"maj

face="Times New Roman Star"as-majax (Ïåê.)


face="Times New Roman Star"majface="Times New Roman Star"majface="Times New Roman Star"majface="Times New Roman Star"maj

face="Times New Roman Star"majface="Times New Roman Star"maj
face="Times New Roman Star"majface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 322, Ëåêñèêà 453-454.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyldyr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"rootface="Times New Roman Star"êîðåíüface="Times New Roman Star"jyltyz (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jyldyz (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"iltyz (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ildizface="Times New Roman Star"iltizface="Times New Roman Star"jyldys

face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilege (?)



face="Times New Roman Star"silis












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 201, EDT 922, ÝÑÒß 1, 350, Ëåêñèêà 109.
face="Times New Roman Star"*y:l/(c?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 smoke 2 soot, dirty smoke 3 scent, odour 4 fumesface="Times New Roman Star"1 äûì 2 êîïîòü, ñàæà 3 çàïàõ, àðîìàò 4 èñïàðåíèÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 2 (MK), 'mist' (KB)




face="Times New Roman Star"ys 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ys 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 1face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ys 2



face="Times New Roman Star"ys 2

face="Times New Roman Star"The root originally meant 'soot, smoke' and should be strictly kept distinct from PT *jyd- 'smell' and *yjs 'smell, odour, fumes', although they have a natural tendency to merge. See VEWT 167, 170, EDT 254, 883, ÝÑÒß 1, 379-382, Ëåêñèêà 370-371.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kul-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to roll (down), fall 2 roundface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñêàòûâàòüñÿ, ïàäàòü 2 êðóãëûé



face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1 (Áóä.)face="Times New Roman Star"qula"- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qula-, g|ula- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qula-, Gol- 1



face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1





face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qola- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"qula- 1face="Times New Roman Star"gulylu"x 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 298, ÝÑÒß 6, 122.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:n|, *a:n|-la-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to understand 2 intelligence 3 to hear 4 to discern (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîíèìàòü 2 ðàçóì, óì 3 ñëûøàòü 4 ðàçëè÷àòü (äèàë.)face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- (MK, KB) 1face="Times New Roman Star"anla- 1face="Times New Roman Star"an|-g|ar- 1face="Times New Roman Star"an| 2, an|la- 1 (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- 3face="Times New Roman Star"an|na- 3face="Times New Roman Star"anla- 1face="Times New Roman Star"a:n|la- 1, a:n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"an|dy- 'to look attentively'

face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- 1 ( < Az.)face="Times New Roman Star"úw|n 2face="Times New Roman Star"an|la:- 4


face="Times New Roman Star"an| 2








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 20, TMN 2,130, EDT 165, 186, ÝÑÒß 1, 153-154. WMong. an|-z?|ira- 'to know, understand' < Turkic Siberian languages (an|-syra- with the affix of incomplete verb quality); WMong. an|qar- < Turk. *a:n|-gar-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dyn|la- / *din|le-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to listen 2 to hear 3 to consider, meditateface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëóøàòü 2 ñëûøàòü 3 ðàçìûøëÿòü, îáäóìûâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"dinle- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|ma- 1face="Times New Roman Star"din|le-, tyn|la- 1 (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tin|la- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tynna- 2face="Times New Roman Star"dinla"- 1face="Times New Roman Star"din|le- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|na- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?únla- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|s?a- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"dinle-, tyn|la- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1face="Times New Roman Star"The verbal stem *dyn|la- is derived from the noun *dyn| (OT tyn|, Turkm. din| 'reason, mind, cleverness'). See VEWT 478, EDT 522, ÝÑÒß 3, 236-237.
face="Times New Roman Star"*be:.l(k)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 waist 2 mountain pass, ridge 3 backface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîÿñíèöà 2 ãîðíûé ïåðåâàë, õðåáåò 3 çàä, ñçàäèface="Times New Roman Star"be.l (Yen., OUygh.) 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"be.l (MK, KB) 1face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"bil 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"be.l 1 (Áîð. Áàä., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ba"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"pel/ 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bel 3; 1face="Times New Roman Star"bi:l 1face="Times New Roman Star"pil 3; 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bel 3; 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bi:el 1face="Times New Roman Star"pil@k 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"bi:l 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bil 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"bil 1face="Times New Roman Star"bel 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 69, TMN 2, 416, EDT 330, ÝÑÒß 2, 135-137, Ëåêñèêà 268-269, Åãîðîâ 160, Ìóäðàê 1989, Äûáî 119-121. Turk. > Mong. bel.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an|-(yr)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 nose 2 to snuffle 3 beak, snout 4 parched nose (phras.) 5 nose bridgeface="Times New Roman Star"1 íîñ 2 ãíóñàâèòü 3 êëþâ, ìîðäà 4 ïåðåñîõøèé (î íîñå) 5 ïåðåíîñèöà
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|raq `palate' (MK - ÄÒÑ)




face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ryq, qarq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"Gan|s?yravuq 'nasal cavity', Gon|ursa- 'to reek'

face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq (Tel.) (R II, 82); qon|yr 5 (R II 521), Tel. (Âåðá.)

face="Times New Roman Star"xan|ynaj- 2; xon|uru:, xan|yry: 5 (Ïåê.)
face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 3, xa:s? 'nasal', qon|zan| 'crook-nosed'face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq 4, qon|ursu- 'to reek'

face="Times New Roman Star"qan|g|yryq (dial.) 'hard palate'





face="Times New Roman Star"The root is no doubt archaic, although not widely attested. On its modern reflexes see VEWT 232, Ëåêñèêà 215-216 (some of the listed forms are < Mong., but certainly not all.), ÝÑÒß 6, 66.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.lan|ukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"personface="Times New Roman Star"÷åëîâåêface="Times New Roman Star"jalan|uq (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jaln|uq (MK, KB)











face="Times New Roman Star"s/yn(ú)













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 182, EDT 930.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sal-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to put, throw 2 to drop, lower 3 tax 4 heavyface="Times New Roman Star"1 êëàñòü, êèäàòü 2 îïóñêàòü 3 íàëîã 4 òÿæåëûéface="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1,2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1, salgyn 3face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1, sal-ym 3face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1 (Pav. C., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"so|l- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sa(l)- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1, salyg| 4face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1, salym 4face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sol- 1, solúm 'heaviness'

face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"hal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 397, EDT 824, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 57, ÝÑÒß 7. Several derivatives with a velar suffix are used in Turk. for denoting downward motion or hanging: cf. OT salyg| 'taxes', Kirgh. salyq 'taxes; hanging down, limp'; SUygh. salyg| 'heavy'; Tur. salky 'weak, lax', Kirgh. salqy, Uzb. so|lqi- 'be loose, hang down' (see TMN 3, 265-266, ÝÑÒß 7).
face="Times New Roman Star"*a.n-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"that (obl.cases) 2 here, look (part.)face="Times New Roman Star"òîò (îñíîâà êîñâ. ïàäåæåé) 2 âîò, òóòface="Times New Roman Star"an-ta (loc.), an|-ar (dat.) (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), on|-a (dat.) (MK, KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), an|-a (dat.), an-ar (dat.) (Mish.)face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), an|-a (dat.) (Babur)

face="Times New Roman Star"a (nom.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ana 2face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), a-g|aa (dat.)face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), a-(g|)a (dat.)face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), o-(g|)o (dat.)face="Times New Roman Star"a"/ra" 'that side' (vocalism under influence of ba"/ra" 'this side')face="Times New Roman Star"on-da (loc.), úw|n-a (dat.)face="Times New Roman Star"ana-ra: 2
face="Times New Roman Star"yn-da (loc.), a(n|)-a (dat.)face="Times New Roman Star"yn-da (loc.), a(n|)-a (dat.)face="Times New Roman Star"an-ta (loc.), a-(g|)a (dat.)

face="Times New Roman Star"an-ta, an-da (loc.), an|-a (dat.)face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), an|-g|a (dat.)
face="Times New Roman Star"an-da (loc.), an-ar (dat.)
face="Times New Roman Star"an-dy (loc.), an|-a (dat.)
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 19, EDT 165, ÝÑÒß 1, 147-150, 157. In OT and most modern languages the root a(n)- acts as an oblique stem for ol 'that' (as well as a deriving stem for pronominal adverbs). Only in SUygh. a- is the direct stem.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?o"k-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to kneel down 2 to sink 3 to sitface="Times New Roman Star"1 îïóñêàòüñÿ íà êîëåíè 2 îñåäàòü, òîíóòü 3 ïðèñåñòü, ñåñòü íà êîðòî÷êèface="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"k- 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 1 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?u.k- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?oGe- 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?o"k- 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"go"-do"- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s/úk- 'to fall', s/úw|g-úw|n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"su"gu"ru"j- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"s?o"k/g- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"s?o"k/g- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"su"k/g- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k/g- 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k- 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k-, cok- 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?o"k/g- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k-, c?o"x- 1 (ÑÑß)face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"k/g- 1, 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 117, TMN 3, 120-122, EDT 413-4, Åãîðîâ 205, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 90-91. Turk. > WMong. c?o"ku"(le)-, Kalm. c?o"kl- (KW 444; TMN 2, 121, Ùåðáàê 1997, 113).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n|e-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to look after smb.face="Times New Roman Star"ñìîòðåòü çà êåì-ë.








face="Times New Roman Star"a":n|et-




face="Times New Roman Star"en|ej-


face="Times New Roman Star"ene- 'îáðàùàòü âíèìàíèå, çàìå÷àòü (ïðè îòð.)'









face="Times New Roman Star"*Ta.m-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (tr.) 2 to kindle 3 to become excitedface="Times New Roman Star"1 æå÷ü 2 çàæèãàòü 3 âîçáóæäàòüñÿ 4 çàãîðàòüñÿface="Times New Roman Star"tam- 4, tamdur- 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tamd|ur- 2 (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyz- 2 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"tamet- 2 (Lobn.)face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 4, tam-dyr- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"tam-yl- 4, tamys- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"tymyt- 3, tym-tyk 'ëó÷èíà'


face="Times New Roman Star"tam- 4, tamyz- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tamyz- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tamyz- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"tamyz- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 459b, EDT 504, Ëåêñèêà 363. Clauson thinks the root is < Chin., but this is highly improbable.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.b-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 bark 2 shell 3 husk 4 branface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîðà 2 ñêîðëóïà 3 øåëóõà 4 îòðóáè, ìÿêèíàface="Times New Roman Star"qavyq 4 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qavyq, qavuq (MK, KB) 4face="Times New Roman Star"kavuz 3, kavza 2

face="Times New Roman Star"qo|vuz 3face="Times New Roman Star"qovzaq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"Gavyz (dial.) 3
face="Times New Roman Star"xo:x 4face="Times New Roman Star"qo:q 3, 4

face="Times New Roman Star"xyvúx 4

face="Times New Roman Star"xo:-tara: 'a k. of millet with sagging panicles'

face="Times New Roman Star"qavyz 4face="Times New Roman Star"qavyz 4



face="Times New Roman Star"qavyz 4
face="Times New Roman Star"quvyq 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217, EDT 583, ÝÑÒß 5, 173-174, 178-179, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 62. The root should be distinguished from *K(i)ab- 'peeled skin, peel' (v. sub *k`i_a:\bu).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"n/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (itr.) 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to get burnt 5 soot 6 strong smell of burnt 7 unpleasant smellface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãîðåòü 2 æå÷ü 3 çàæèãàòü 4 îáãîðàòü 5 ñàæà 6 ñèëüíûé çàïàõ ãîðåëîãî 7 íåïðèÿòíûé çàïàõface="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n- (Argu MK), ko"j- 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) ko"j-, ku"j- 1; ku"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (Abush., MA, Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"kuj- 1, kuja 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j-, ku"j- 1, ko"jdu"r- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ku"jo" (dial.) 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ko"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5face="Times New Roman Star"kie_n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku", k@w|v 6 (Àøì.), k@w|s/ek 7; kúw|vajt 5

face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"j- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, EDT 726, 730, ÝÑÒß 5, 88-89, 133, Ëåêñèêà 362, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 75. The Az. form is somewhat dubious, both semantically ("itch") and phonetically (irregular voiced g-). See also *ko"n/- 'to grieve, suffer'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je:lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 mane 2 featherface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðèâà 2 ïåðîface="Times New Roman Star"jel 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jel 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jele 1



face="Times New Roman Star"z?|el/y 1face="Times New Roman Star"la"la"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"jelek 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilen 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ja"la":k 2face="Times New Roman Star"s/ilg|e 1face="Times New Roman Star"siel 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?el 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?el 1




face="Times New Roman Star"jela" 1face="Times New Roman Star"lelek 2


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 181, TMN 4, 188-189, EDT 916, ÝÑÒß 4, 85-86 (confused with *ja:l, v. sub *da:/lV), Ëåêñèêà 147, 566. The Oghuz name of 'feather' (jelek / lelek, see ÝÑÒß 4, 179) is probably derived from this root; perhaps also *jel-ke 'back of head (including the neck)', see VEWT 196, ÝÑÒß 4, 181.
face="Times New Roman Star"*joganface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thickface="Times New Roman Star"òîëñòûéface="Times New Roman Star"jog|an (Orkh.), jog|un (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jog|un (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jog|unface="Times New Roman Star"juvanface="Times New Roman Star"jog|an (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"jo.g|o|nface="Times New Roman Star"jog|an 'big'face="Times New Roman Star"jog|yn, jog|unface="Times New Roman Star"jog|unface="Times New Roman Star"jog|y:nface="Times New Roman Star"c?o:nface="Times New Roman Star"c?o:nface="Times New Roman Star"jo:n, d/o:nface="Times New Roman Star"jog|un
face="Times New Roman Star"suon
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o:nface="Times New Roman Star"n/o:nface="Times New Roman Star"z?|o:n
face="Times New Roman Star"juvanface="Times New Roman Star"jywan


face="Times New Roman Star"z?uwan

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 205, EDT 904, ÝÑÒß 4, 208-209.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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