| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*oky- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to call, read, recite | face="Times New Roman Star"çâàòü, ÷èòàòü, äåêëàìèðîâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"oqy- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"oqy- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"oku- | face="Times New Roman Star"uqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqy- (AH), oqu- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.qi- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqu- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oxu- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqa- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ho.qu- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oguj-, uguj- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"oqu- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"uqy- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqu- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqu- | face="Times New Roman Star"oxy-, oqu-, oxu- | face="Times New Roman Star"oqy- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oxu- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 79, VEWT 359, ÝÑÒß 1, 439-441. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*orman | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"forest | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåñ | face="Times New Roman Star"orman (OUygh. late) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"orman | face="Times New Roman Star"urman | face="Times New Roman Star"orman (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.rman |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ormon (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|rman |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ormon | face="Times New Roman Star"orman | face="Times New Roman Star"orman | face="Times New Roman Star"urman | face="Times New Roman Star"orman |
| face="Times New Roman Star"orman | face="Times New Roman Star"orman | face="Times New Roman Star"orma"n | face="Times New Roman Star"orman | face="Times New Roman Star"ÄÒÑ 371, ÝÑÒß 1, 472-473. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*or- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 place 2 palace 3 lair, den 4 middle 5 place of staying (of the army, ruler etc.) 6 army | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìåñòî 2 äâîðåö 3 áåðëîãà, ëîãîâî 4 ñåðåäèíà 5 ìåñòî ñòîÿíêè (àðìèè, ïðàâèòåëÿ) 6 àðìèÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1 (OUygh.), ordu 2, 5, ortu 4 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, ordu 2, 3, otra ? ortu (MK) 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, ordu 6, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"uryn 1, urda 5, urta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, ordu, orda 5, orta 4 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.rin 1, o.rda 5, o.rta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, o(r)da 5, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"oryn 1, orta, orto, otra 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ordu 6, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, orta 4, orda 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"oryn 1, orda 5, orty 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oryn 1, ordo 5, orto 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"vyrún 1, vúda 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ordu: 1, 3, 5, oron 1, orto 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"onnu 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, ortu 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"oron 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, ordo 5, orto 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"oryn 1, orda 4, 5, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"oryn 1, orda 5, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"uryn 1, urda 5, urta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, ordu 6, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"oryn 1, orda 5, orta 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"orun 1, orda 5, 6, orta 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 203-204, 233, VEWT 364, 365, TMN 2, 141, ÝÑÒß 1, 470-472, 474-479, Ëåêñèêà 495, 563, 569, Stachowski 193, 196. Turkic is the source of Mong. oron 'place', ordo(n) 'palace' (cf. TMN 1, 164-165, 2, 38-39, Ùåðáàê 1997, 130), whence Man. oron etc., see Doerfer MT 116. The PT *ordu 'place of staying' may need to be separated from other forms here: it contains a very untypical *-rd- cluster (as opposed to *or-tu 'middle') and may reflect an ancient borrowing from some unknown source. Cf. in that respect WMong. o"rte- 'to change post horses', o"rtegen 'postal relay station', also somewhat obscure in origin. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*osa- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 careless, dilatory 2 bad, evil 3 to be careless, negligent 4 negligence, harm | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íåáðåæíûé, ìåäëèòåëüíûé 2 ïëîõîé, çëîé 3 áûòü íåáðåæíûì, áåñïå÷íûì 4 íåáðåæíîñòü, áåñïå÷íîñòü, óâå÷üå | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 1, osan- 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 (dial.), usan- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"usal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 1 (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.sal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"osal 1 (dial.), usan- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ohol 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"osol 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"usal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"osal 1, 2, usan- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"osal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 365-366, EDT 247, 248, ÝÑÒß 1, 479-481, 608 (distinguishes osal and usan- - but the narrowing osan- > usan- is a local Oghuz phenomenon and probably secondary, due to interdialectal loans), Åãîðîâ 277, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 290. Turk. > Mong. osal (MMong. (SH) osolda-), see TMN 2, 149, Clark 1980, 39, not vice versa - despite Ùåðáàê 1997, 207. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o(-l) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"that | face="Times New Roman Star"òîò | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"u-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"u. | face="Times New Roman Star"u | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l, o | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o:., o_, u.o:./-ra | face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|-l | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"o-s?o | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o-s?o, u | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l, u-sy 'this' | face="Times New Roman Star"u | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 360, ÝÑÒß 1, 444-445, 456, 492-494, TMN 2, 93, EDT 123-4, Stachowski 191. The form o is attested later than ol, but it certainly does not mean that it was absent in PT (despite Clauson). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*otar | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 pasture 2 far environs 3 (summer) camp, dwelling place, village 4 herd | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïàñòáèùå 2 äàëüíèå ñòðàíû 3 õóòîð, äåðåâíÿ 4 îòàðà, ñòàäî áàðàíîâ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"utar 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o.to|r 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"odor 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"otor 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"odar 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otor 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"utar 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otar 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 367, ÝÑÒß 1, 487-488. Usually derived from *ot 'grass' but the morphological pattern is unclear; the word might well be archaic despite lack of ancient attestation. Cf. also Balkan words like Hung. hata/r etc., most probably of Turkic origin. Turk. > WMong. otar, Kalm. otr (KW 291). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*otag | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 tent 2 room | face="Times New Roman Star"1øàëàø 2 êîìíàòà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otag| (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otak 1, oda 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oda (Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"o.to|w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otag|, otax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otaG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"otaG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"otax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"odag| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"odu: 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"otu: 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"odag| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oto: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otaw 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"otaw 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otow 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"oda 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oda 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"otaw 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otaw 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 46, VEWT 366, ÝÑÒß 1, 484-487, TMN 2, 66-67, Ëåêñèêà 496. Turk. > Mong. otaq (see TMN 2, 67, Ùåðáàê 1997, 130). Some forms (like Tur. oda) suggest *o:tag - a secondary form, probably originally meaning "hearth" and derived from *o:t 'fire' and easily confused with *otag 'tent, dwelling place'. The latter, however, is very well attested (often in the shape *otagu) and certainly containing a short vowel. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ol-ur-, *ol(u)-tur- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to sit | face="Times New Roman Star"ñèäåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"oltur- (OUygh.), olur- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"oltur- (MK), ol- 'to be' (At., IM), 'to become ripe' (MK, IM, Bulgat) | face="Times New Roman Star"otur- | face="Times New Roman Star"utyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"oltur- (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.), (?) ol- 'to be' (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u.tir- | face="Times New Roman Star"oltur- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otur- | face="Times New Roman Star"otur- | face="Times New Roman Star"odyr- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otur- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"lar- | face="Times New Roman Star"olor- | face="Times New Roman Star"olor- | face="Times New Roman Star"olur- | face="Times New Roman Star"olyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"otur- | face="Times New Roman Star"otyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"oltyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"ultyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"oltur- | face="Times New Roman Star"otur- | face="Times New Roman Star"otur- | face="Times New Roman Star"otyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"oht(yr)- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 489-492. EDT 125, 331-332, VEWT 79, TMN 2, 358, Stachowski 192. See also the comments on *bo:l- ' to be, become'. From the forms phonetically looking like ol- 'to be, become' the only actual reflexes of PT *ol- may be Middle Uygh. (At., Tefs., IM - opposed to bar, bir-) and Middle Kypchak (Bulgat, Ettuhf.), cf. ÝÑÒß 2, 186; Chag. ol- may as well be < Oghuz. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*otur/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"thirty | face="Times New Roman Star"òðèäöàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ottuz (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz | face="Times New Roman Star"utyz | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.ttiz | face="Times New Roman Star"ottuz | face="Times New Roman Star"otus | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz | face="Times New Roman Star"otys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oduz, odus | face="Times New Roman Star"ho_ttuz, hottuz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"otut | face="Times New Roman Star"otut |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"otuz | face="Times New Roman Star"otyz | face="Times New Roman Star"otyz | face="Times New Roman Star"utyd| | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz | face="Times New Roman Star"otuz | face="Times New Roman Star"otyz |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 74, ÝÑÒß 1, 489, Stachowski 197. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*or/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to surpass, win | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðåâîñõîäèòü, ïîáåæäàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"uz- | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- (Pav. C., Houts., AH, IM | face="Times New Roman Star"u.z- | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"joz- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"os- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"ud|- | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"oz- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oz- | face="Times New Roman Star"See VEWT 367, ÝÑÒß 1, 425. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)aby- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"1 to bend, fall 2 to roll, sway, swing | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñãèáàòüñÿ, ñâàëèâàòüñÿ, îïðîêèäûâàòüñÿ 2 âàëÿòüñÿ, ïåðåâîðà÷èâàòüñÿ ñ áîêó íà áîê |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"avu- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"aby- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"a:-t-tyn- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o:- 1, 2, o:-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"awu- 1, awyn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"avy- 1, avna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aw- 1, awn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aw- 1, awan- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"avd- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"avun- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"The root should be distinguished from *(i)aby- `to enjoy oneself, be happy' q. v. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ia:g-, *ia:g-na- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to roll over, fall over 2 to climb over 3 to tumble 4 to turn over, capsize, let fall | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïàäàòü, îïðîêèäûâàòüñÿ, ñâåøèâàòüñÿ 2 ïåðåëåçàòü 3 âàëÿòüñÿ, ïåðåêàòûâàòüñÿ 4 ðîíÿòü, îïðîêèäûâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|na- 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|na- 3 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|- 1, ag|dyr- 2, ag|yn- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"aw- 1, awdar- 4, awna- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|na- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"o|g|- 1, o|g|na- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yna- 3 (ßÆÓ 11) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|na- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"a:g|- 1, 2, a:g|-dar- 4, a:g|yna- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"an|-dar- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"an|-dar- 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"an|-tar- 4, an|-da- (<*an|-na-) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ha:g|a, ho|:g|a 'back, in the back' | face="Times New Roman Star"júw|van- 1, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"a:n|-na- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an|da-r- 4, an|da-s?- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o:- 1, o:na- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"aw-dar- 4, awna- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"av- 1, av-dar- 4, avna- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"aw- 1, awdar- 4, awna- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"aw- 1, 2, aw-la- 'to skim', awdar- 4, awna- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"avdar- 4, av-g|a-la-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"aw- 1, 2, awdar- 4, awna- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"av- 1, avdar- 4, av-la-n- 'to turn over, incline', avna- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 86-87, VEWT 7, ÝÑÒß 1, 69-70, 73-76. Forms like an|-dar- are not quite clear - caus. from the refl. *ia:g-yn- ? (but the refl. form is here not *ia:g-yn- but rather *ia:g-na-). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*aglak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 lonely, uninhabited (place) 2 unemployed, out of work 3 field | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íåçàñåëåííîå ìåñòî 2 áåçðàáîòíûé, ëèøåííûé ñëóæáû 3 ïîëå, ñòåïü | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|laq 1 (OUygh. - Buddh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|laq 1 (MK), ag|la-ju 1 (MK; deverb. from *ag|la- 'to be deserted' (unattested)), ag|la-t- (MK) 'to send away (people)' | face="Times New Roman Star"aylak 2; ag|lak (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ag|lax 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ulax 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o:laq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ajlaq, hajlaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"awlaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 84, 85, VEWT 8, ÝÑÒß 1, 64. Turk. > WMong. ag|laq, ag|lag|a id. (KW 3, Ùåðáàê 1997, 95). Tends to contaminate with *a:b-lag 'hunting lands'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*iagyr | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"heavy | face="Times New Roman Star"òÿæåëûé | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr | face="Times New Roman Star"awyr | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|g|ir | face="Times New Roman Star"eg|ir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr | face="Times New Roman Star"aGyr | face="Times New Roman Star"a:r |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ag|i:.r | face="Times New Roman Star"jyvúr | face="Times New Roman Star"yar | face="Times New Roman Star"yara-kan | face="Times New Roman Star"a:r | face="Times New Roman Star"a: r | face="Times New Roman Star"o:r | face="Times New Roman Star"awyr |
| face="Times New Roman Star"awyr | face="Times New Roman Star"awur |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"awyr | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yr |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 8, EDT 88-9, ÝÑÒß 1, 85-87, Åãîðîâ 82-83, Ëåêñèêà 338-339, Stachowski 258. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to extinguish, go out (of fire) | face="Times New Roman Star"ãàñíóòü | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. o"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- (Sangl., Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u.c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Sag., Koib. o"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"hic?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"s- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?u"l- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 368, EDT 19-20, ÝÑÒß 1, 559-560. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"revenge, anger | face="Times New Roman Star"ìåñòü, ãíåâ | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"u"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (AH), o"z?| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.c? | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"o":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"he:^.z?|a"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|z?|@w| | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s | face="Times New Roman Star"o"sto":k 'enemy' | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 18, ÝÑÒß 1, 558-559, Ìóäðàê 54, EDT 18, TMN 2, 134, Stachowski 201. Turk. > MMong. (MA) o"c? (see Clark 1980, 52; but not > o"s, see s.v. *o>\se!). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"g- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 unrelated; step-relative 2 other, different | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íåðîäíîé; ïðèåìíûé ðîäñòâåííèê (ïàñûíîê, ìà÷åõà) 2 äðóãîé, îòëè÷íûé | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 (MK), o"gu"n 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"vej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"gi 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 (Pav. C.), o"gu"n 2 (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.gej 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"ga"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej, o"vej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o":j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o":j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"egian 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"egin-egin 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ga"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"va" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 109, 119, VEWT 369, 306, ÝÑÒß 1, 495-496, TMN 2, 159, Stachowski 43 (with some confusion of the Yakut variants egin, egian and en|in; on the latter see *en|). In Az. one would rather expect *o"ja"j; -g- is probably preserved due to dissimilation. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"ku"r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ox | face="Times New Roman Star"áûê, âîë | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ugi>z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ho.kiz | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z, ho"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"kus | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"kiz, o"ku"z |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|gúw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"og|us | face="Times New Roman Star"ogus |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gi>z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"giz | face="Times New Roman Star"ugi>d| | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"oku"z, o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"giz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 120, VEWT 370, ÝÑÒß 1, 521-523, Ëåêñèêà 439, Stachowski 190. Clauson 1959 derives the form from Tokh. B okso (corrected to Tokh. A in EDT); justly refuted by Doerfer TMN 1, 539 because of original *p-. Turk. (Bulg.) > Hung. o"ko"r, see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 23. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"kc?e | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"heel | face="Times New Roman Star"ïÿòêà, êàáëóê |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?e | face="Times New Roman Star"u"kc?a" | face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?e (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.kc?a" | face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?a" |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"kz?|e |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"e:z?|ek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?o" | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ks?e | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ks?e | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ksa" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jo"kc?a" | face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?e | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ks?e |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 520-521. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ek- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to decrease, be insufficient 2 common, ordinary, low class; fault, faulty | face="Times New Roman Star"1 óìåíüøàòüñÿ, áûòü íåäîñòàòî÷íûì 2 îáû÷íûé, íèçêîðîäíûé; íåäîñòàòîê, íåäîñòàòî÷íûé | face="Times New Roman Star"egsu"- 1, egil 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"egsu"- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"eksi-, eksil- 1, eksik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eksu"- 1 (Abush.), o"ksu"-, o"ksu"l- 1 (Pav. C.), o"ksu"k 2 (Abush., Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gsu"- 1 (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"skik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"egis-, egsil- 1, egsik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"iks@l- 1, j@ksek 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"ksu"- 1, o"ksu"k 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jisil- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"eksil- 1, eksik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 257-258, Åãîðîâ 77, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 199; EDT 106, 117. The Chuv. Anlaut is not quite clear (iks@l- < *j@ks@l-?; one of the cases with prothetic j-, so the openness / closedness of the vowel in PT remains unknown); Ôåäîòîâ 1, 193 derives Chuv. j@ksik from PT *jek (v. sub *l/a:\k`e\), but this is phonetically impossible. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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