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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"ku"n-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to repent, regretface="Times New Roman Star"ðàñêàèâàòüñÿ, ñîæàëåòüface="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"n- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"n- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"n-face="Times New Roman Star"u"ki>n-face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"n- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.kin-


face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"n-








face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"n-face="Times New Roman Star"o"ki>n-face="Times New Roman Star"o"kin-face="Times New Roman Star"u"ki>n-

face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"n-face="Times New Roman Star"o"kin-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 111, VEWT 370, ÝÑÒß 1, 523-524, TMN 2, 154 (with a quite artificial inner etymology: medium in -n from *o"k- 'think'? - which in fact is a noun *o":g, derived from *o":(j)-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"kc?eface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"heelface="Times New Roman Star"ïÿòêà, êàáëóê

face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?eface="Times New Roman Star"u"kc?a"face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?e (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.kc?a"face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?a"

face="Times New Roman Star"o"kz?|e






face="Times New Roman Star"e:z?|ek
face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?o"face="Times New Roman Star"o"ks?eface="Times New Roman Star"o"ks?eface="Times New Roman Star"u"ksa"
face="Times New Roman Star"jo"kc?a"face="Times New Roman Star"o"kc?eface="Times New Roman Star"o"ks?e

face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 520-521.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"kte-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to infuse pride, courage 2 pride, proud, courageousface="Times New Roman Star"1 îáîäðÿòü, ïðèäàâàòü ãîðäîñòü, õðàáðîñòü 2 ãîðäîñòü, ãîðäûé, õðàáðûé
face="Times New Roman Star"o"ktem (KB) 2

face="Times New Roman Star"o"kte- 1, o"ktem 2 (R.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.ktamface="Times New Roman Star"o"kta"m
face="Times New Roman Star"o"tka"mface="Times New Roman Star"o"kdo"m (dial.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"ktem 2



face="Times New Roman Star"o"kto"m 2


face="Times New Roman Star"o"kto"m 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"ktem 2, (dial.) o"kte- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"ktem 2


face="Times New Roman Star"o"ktem 2


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 102-103, ÝÑÒß 1. Turk. > Kalm. o"ktm (KW 294; not vice versa, despite VEWT 370).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to die 2 (*o"l-tu"r-) to killface="Times New Roman Star"1 óìèðàòü 2 (*o"l-tu"r-) óáèâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1 (Yen., OUygh.), o"lu"r- 2 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1 (MK, KB), o"ldu"r- 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"l- 1, u"ter- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1 (Sangl.), o"lu"r- 2 (Abush.), o"ltu"r- 2 (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"u.l-, u.ldir- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ju"l- 1, ju"lyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"der- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"du"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"hil-/he.l-, o"l- 'to die (of animals)' ( < Az.)face="Times New Roman Star"vil- 1, v@w|ler- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lo"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lo"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"lti_r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltir- 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"l- 1, u"lter- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jo"l- 1, o"ldu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ol/- 1, ol/der- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltir- 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"l- 1, u"ldyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"l- 1, o"ltu"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 371; ÝÑÒß 1, 525-527, TMN 2, 112, 162-3; EDT 125-126, 133-134, 151, Stachowski 199.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"l-, *o"l-c?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to measure 2 measure, measuringface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìåðèòü 2 ìåðà, èçìåðåíèåface="Times New Roman Star"u"lgu" (o"lgu") 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"lgu" (o"lgu") 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"lc?- 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"lc?a"- 1, u">lgi> 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"lgu" (o"lgu") 2 (Pav. C.); o"lc?- (IM) 1face="Times New Roman Star"o.lc?a"- 1, ulgi 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"lc?i- 1, u"lga" 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o"lc?- 1, u"lgu" 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"lc?e- 1, u"ln|n|i 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"lgu" 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"lga" 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"lgu" 2face="Times New Roman Star"elc?- 1face="Times New Roman Star"vis/- 1, @lg@ 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"llehin- 'divide, distribute'face="Times New Roman Star"u"llehin- 'divide, distribute'

face="Times New Roman Star"o"lc?o"- 1, u"lgu" 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"ls?e- 1, u"lgi> 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"ls?e- 1, u"lgi 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"lsa"- 1, u">lgu"> 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"lgu" 2face="Times New Roman Star"jo"lc?- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ol/c?-, o"lc?e- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"ls?e- 1, u"lgi 2
face="Times New Roman Star"u"lgu" 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 142, VEWT 371, ÝÑÒß 1, 529, 632, Stachowski 250.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n| / *on|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 front, East 2 exterior, color, faceface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïåðåä, âîñòîê 2 âíåøíÿÿ ñòîðîíà, öâåò, ëèöîface="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1, 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1, 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"un| 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| (Abush.) 1, (Pav. C.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"o.n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ejface="Times New Roman Star"um 'breast' (if different from om 'front', q. v. sub *a:l)face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 'inside of clothes', 2
face="Times New Roman Star"on| 'shape', o"n| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"on| 1, o"n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"un| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jo"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"on| 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 167-168, VEWT 362, 372, ÝÑÒß 1, 532-535, Stachowski 199-200, Àøì. III, 232. The words for 'front' and 'colour, face' are usually treated as different roots (e.g. in EDT, ÝÑÒß), but it is hardly possible to separate them phonetically (the variants *on| and *o"n| do not seem to be semantically distributed); the semantic shifts (*'front' > 'face' > 'colour') are quite natural.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n|iface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"otherface="Times New Roman Star"äðóãîéface="Times New Roman Star"o"n|i (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|i (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"u"n|ga" (dial.)




face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|n|e 'the rest'








face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|go"face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|geface="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ge


face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ge, on|gaface="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ge
face="Times New Roman Star"on|ge (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 170-171, ÝÑÒß 1, 537-538, VEWT 372 ( > Kalm. o"n|ge|:n, KW 297).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"pkeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lung; angerface="Times New Roman Star"ëåãêîå; ãíåâface="Times New Roman Star"o"pke (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"pke (MK, IM), o"fke (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"o"fke 'anger', o"jken 'lung' (interdial.? Tu"rki?)face="Times New Roman Star"u"pka"face="Times New Roman Star"o"pke, o"fke (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.pkaface="Times New Roman Star"o"pka"face="Times New Roman Star"o"kpeface="Times New Roman Star"o"xba" (dial. Nuxa)face="Times New Roman Star"o"jkenface="Times New Roman Star"o"kpeface="Times New Roman Star"o"kpeface="Times New Roman Star"o"kpo"face="Times New Roman Star"hikka"face="Times New Roman Star"o"pke (NW), u"pke

face="Times New Roman Star"o"kpe (o"'kpe - Áè÷åëäåé 2001)face="Times New Roman Star"o"'kpeface="Times New Roman Star"o"pko"face="Times New Roman Star"o"kpa"face="Times New Roman Star"o"pkeface="Times New Roman Star"u"pka"face="Times New Roman Star"o"pkeface="Times New Roman Star"u"fkeface="Times New Roman Star"o"pkeface="Times New Roman Star"o"kpa"face="Times New Roman Star"o"hhen (ÑÑß)face="Times New Roman Star"o"pkeface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 373, EDT 9, ÝÑÒß 1, 540-541, Ëåêñèêà 276-277.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to plaitface="Times New Roman Star"ïëåñòè
face="Times New Roman Star"o"r- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"r- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"(r)-
face="Times New Roman Star"ho"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o":r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-face="Times New Roman Star"hiri-face="Times New Roman Star"var 'best sort of flax'face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-; o"ru": 'plaiting'face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru": 'plait'

face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-
face="Times New Roman Star"jo"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 195, VEWT 374, 375, ÝÑÒß 1, 544-546, Ëåêñèêà 394, Stachowski 200. Cf. also *o"rken 'smth. plaited', *o"r-mek 'Stoff aus Kamelhaar, Spinngewebe' (cf. also Yak. o"rbo"x 'òðÿïêà'). Turk. *o"r-c?u"g > Hung. orso/ 'spindle', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to rise 2 up, aboveface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîäíèìàòüñÿ 2 âåðõ, íàâåðõóface="Times New Roman Star"o"r- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"r- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2, (dial.) o"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"r 2, u"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.r 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"r 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o":r-


face="Times New Roman Star"ha"r-a"k- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"t 'upper part'face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"t, o"ttu" 'side', o"ru"te 'above'

face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2, o"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"r 2, u"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2

face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 195, VEWT 373, ÝÑÒß 1, 542-544, Stachowsi 200, 253. Cf. also OT o"rgin 'throne' (EDT 225), Chag. o"ru"k 'tent' (ÝÑÒß 1, 546) - which should be kept distinct from the later borrowed (from Mong., see under *o:r/i) o"rge 'tent', see Clark 1977, 142.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to growface="Times New Roman Star"ðàñòèface="Times New Roman Star"o"s- (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"u"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"u.s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-

face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-



face="Times New Roman Star"o"'s-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"u"t|-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 376, ÝÑÒß 1, 552-553. Doubts about OT o"s- see in EDT 241, 251, with a discussion in Clark 1977, 142-144.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":c?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"revenge, angerface="Times New Roman Star"ìåñòü, ãíåâface="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (AH), o"z?| (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?|face="Times New Roman Star"o":c?face="Times New Roman Star"u"s
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"he:^.z?|a"s?-face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|z?|@w|face="Times New Roman Star"o"sface="Times New Roman Star"o"sto":k 'enemy'face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?face="Times New Roman Star"u"sface="Times New Roman Star"o"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 18, ÝÑÒß 1, 558-559, Ìóäðàê 54, EDT 18, TMN 2, 134, Stachowski 201. Turk. > MMong. (MA) o"c? (see Clark 1980, 52; but not > o"s, see s.v. *o>\se!).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to pass by, pass throughface="Times New Roman Star"ïðîõîäèòü ìèìî, ïðîõîäèòü ÷åðåçface="Times New Roman Star"o"t- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"t- (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"u"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t- (Pav. C., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-
face="Times New Roman Star"vit-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"`t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"u"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"o"t-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 39, VEWT 376, ÝÑÒß 1, 554-555.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"gallface="Times New Roman Star"æåë÷üface="Times New Roman Star"o"t (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"t (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"u"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"d (Pav. C.), o"t (AH, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"o.tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"jo"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"dface="Times New Roman Star"o":tface="Times New Roman Star"u"t
face="Times New Roman Star"o"t
face="Times New Roman Star"vat

face="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"u"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"jo"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 35, VEWT 376, ÝÑÒß 1, 504-505.
face="Times New Roman Star"*et-mekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"breadface="Times New Roman Star"õëåáface="Times New Roman Star"o"tmek (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"etmek (MK), epmek (MK - Oghuz, Qypch.)face="Times New Roman Star"etmek, ekmekface="Times New Roman Star"ikma"kface="Times New Roman Star"etmek, o"tmek (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"a"ppa"kface="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) ekmek, epmekface="Times New Roman Star"ipekface="Times New Roman Star"itpa"kface="Times New Roman Star"o"tpo"k







face="Times New Roman Star"o"tpekface="Times New Roman Star"ikma"kface="Times New Roman Star"o"tmekface="Times New Roman Star"iekmekface="Times New Roman Star"ekmek, etmek, o"tmek

face="Times New Roman Star"ekmekface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 12, 60, VEWT 376, ÝÑÒß 1, 254-256. The oldest form is clearly *et-mek with various subsequent assimilations.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"inside, the essential partface="Times New Roman Star"ñåðåäèíà, âíóòðåííîñòü, ñóùíîñòüface="Times New Roman Star"o"z (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"z (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"u"zface="Times New Roman Star"o"z (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.zface="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"u"zface="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"o":z 'self'

face="Times New Roman Star"u"sface="Times New Roman Star"e:^.zface="Times New Roman Star"varface="Times New Roman Star"u"o"sface="Times New Roman Star"u"o"s

face="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"u"d|
face="Times New Roman Star"jo"zface="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"o"z
face="Times New Roman Star"o"zface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 278, VEWT 376-7, ÝÑÒß 1, 506-512, Ëåêñèêà 90, 117, Stachowski 252. The word and its derivatives have a wide scope of meanings: 'middle' > 'heartwood, central crossbeam, pole' (*o":r/ek).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"r/-geface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"otherface="Times New Roman Star"äðóãîéface="Times New Roman Star"o"zge (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"zge (MK - Tefs.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"zgeface="Times New Roman Star"u"zga"face="Times New Roman Star"o"zge (AH, Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.zga"face="Times New Roman Star"o"zga"face="Times New Roman Star"u"zgeface="Times New Roman Star"o"zga"face="Times New Roman Star"o"zge
face="Times New Roman Star"o"skeface="Times New Roman Star"o"sko"



face="Times New Roman Star"o"skeface="Times New Roman Star"o"skeface="Times New Roman Star"o"zgo"face="Times New Roman Star"o"zgeface="Times New Roman Star"o"zge
face="Times New Roman Star"o"zge
face="Times New Roman Star"o"zgeface="Times New Roman Star"o"zge
face="Times New Roman Star"o"zgeface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 285, VEWT 377, ÝÑÒß 1, 508.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bil/c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to stir up, churn (milk, butter)face="Times New Roman Star"ïîìåøèâàòü, âçáèâàòü (ìîëîêî, ìàñëî), ïàõòàòü


face="Times New Roman Star"pes?- (Ñèá., Òóìàøåâà 180)
face="Times New Roman Star"pis?kak 'churn pestle'


face="Times New Roman Star"pis?ek 'churn pestle', -le- 'to churn'



face="Times New Roman Star"p@z/er- 'to hit, beat'face="Times New Roman Star"bis- 'to smear'face="Times New Roman Star"bis- 'to smear'

face="Times New Roman Star"bys?- / bis?-; bis?kek 'churn-staff for kumis'face="Times New Roman Star"pis-face="Times New Roman Star"piskek 'churn-staff'face="Times New Roman Star"bes?e- 'to churn; to beat', bes?ka"k 'churn-staff'


face="Times New Roman Star"pis-; piskek 'a big churn'

face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 309-310, Stachowski 61, Àøì. X, 241-242. In a part of languages the root merges with *bil/c?- "to ripen"; it differs from the latter by its original transitivity and consequent front vocalism.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KA:panface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"boarface="Times New Roman Star"êàáàí

face="Times New Roman Star"dial. kabanface="Times New Roman Star"qabanface="Times New Roman Star"qaban (Pav. C., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"qo|bo|nface="Times New Roman Star"qavan
face="Times New Roman Star"Gabanface="Times New Roman Star"Gaban

face="Times New Roman Star"qaman



face="Times New Roman Star"xavan
face="Times New Roman Star"qamanface="Times New Roman Star"qabanface="Times New Roman Star"qabanface="Times New Roman Star"qabanface="Times New Roman Star"qaban

face="Times New Roman Star"qaban
face="Times New Roman Star"qabanface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 216, ÝÑÒß 5, 164, Ëåêñèêà 156.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)amak / *K(i)apakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 forehead 2 front part 3 eyelid 4 eyebrowface="Times New Roman Star"1 ëîá 2 ïåðåäíÿÿ ÷àñòü 3 âåêî 4 áðîâü
face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kabak 'bald', dial. kabag 1, 2, 'face', 'skull'face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z qabag|y 3, dial. taw qabag|y 'mountain slope'face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 1, 2 (Sangl., Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"qo|vo|q 3face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qawaq 3face="Times New Roman Star"qavaq 'nose bridge' (ßÆÓ)face="Times New Roman Star"GabaG 2, (poet.) 'face'face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:baG 3face="Times New Roman Star"xamax 1face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 4, dial. 1



face="Times New Roman Star"xavaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 4face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'pitfall'face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'place under the forehead; edge of shore'face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'precipice'


face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'cleft'
face="Times New Roman Star"go"z qabag|y 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, ÝÑÒß 5, 161, Ëåêñèêà 199-200. An extremely complicated case: forms meaning 'eyelid' are traditionally analysed as derived from *Kap- 'to cover' - but the Turkm., Uzb. and Uygh. forms clearly contradict such a derivation by displaying unmistakable vowel length. A trace of the original meaning 'forehead, eyebrow' (later shifted to 'eyelid') in the Kypchak languages (not distinguishing vowel length) may be found in expressions meaning 'to frown (one's forehead, eyebrows)': Kirgh. qabaq tu"j-, bu"rko"-, Kaz., KKalp. qabaq tu"j-. The form *Ka:pak may have been additionally influenced by PT *Ka:p 'sack; to surround' (v. sub *k[a:]p`a/), *Ka:p(ak) 'caul, hymen' (v. sub *k`a:p`a/). The variation of *-m- and -p- (cf. the archaic Siberian reflexes with -m-) is parallelled by a similar variation in TM and Japanese and may reflect an original cluster, but may have been an innovation due to the contaminations with *Kap- and *Ka:p.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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