▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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face="Times New Roman Star"*e>lge- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sift; 2 sieve | face="Times New Roman Star"ñèòî, ïðîñåèâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (MK), ele- 1 (IM), elek 2 (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ile|- 1, ile|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ela- 1, elak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"gli- 1, a"lga"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"la"- 1, a"la"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilge- 1, ilgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"jla"- 1, ha"jla"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"alla- 1, alla 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"egle- / elge- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, elge- 1, elek, elgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ile- 1, ilek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iele- 1, ielek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, o"le- 1, elek, o"lek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"elex 2 (ÑÑß 324) | face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 143, VEWT 40, ÝÑÒß 1, 261-263, Åãîðîâ 24. The behaviour of the internal cluster is phonetically normal (not on a morphemic boundary). Turk. *elgek > WMong. elgeg, Kalm. elg@g (KW 119, TMN 2, 118, Ùåðáàê 1997, 114). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l-t-, -c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to bring, carry 2 to lead, drive, send | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íåñòè 2 âåñòè, ïîñûëàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt-, elet- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilet- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Houts.) 2, ilet- (Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jes/- , les/- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 132, VEWT 41, ÝÑÒß 1, 267-269, Stachowski 125, 126. Turk. > Mong. elde-, Kalm. eld@- (KW 119). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Eltiri | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"skin of kid or lamb | face="Times New Roman Star"øêóðà êîçëåíêà èëè ÿãíåíêà, êàðàêóëü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"elri, eldiri (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"elteri (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilti>r | face="Times New Roman Star"eltirik (IM) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ltera" |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elteri, elter (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri> | face="Times New Roman Star"eltiri | face="Times New Roman Star"ilti>r | face="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri>, eltir |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"eltiri |
| face="Times New Roman Star"eltir | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 135, ÝÑÒß 1, 269-270. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*emge- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to suffer, be tortured 2 bother, worry, pains | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòðàäàòü, ïîäâåðãàòüñÿ ïûòêàì 2 õëîïîòû, ìó÷åíèå, òðóä | face="Times New Roman Star"emge- (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"emge- 1, emgek 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"emen- 1, emek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"imge|n- 1, imge|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- (AH, Pav. C.) 1, emgek (AH, Abush.), emek (Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. emge|k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. e|mge|n- 1, e|mge|k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ma"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- 1, emgek 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"aman- 1, amak 'illness' | face="Times New Roman Star"emek 'decrepit' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en|bek 'chronic illness' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"emgek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"en|bek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"embek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"imge|n- 1, imge|k 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- 1, emgek 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 159, VEWT 42, ÝÑÒß 1, 272-275, 25-26. Turk. > Mong. emge- (Ùåðáàê 1997, 114). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ana / *en/e | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"mother | face="Times New Roman Star"ìàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ana ? ene (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ana ? ene (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ene | face="Times New Roman Star"ina" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ene |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an/ne | face="Times New Roman Star"ije | face="Times New Roman Star"in/e | face="Times New Roman Star"ije |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ene | face="Times New Roman Star"ene, ana |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ina" | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ene, ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"ana | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 169-170, VEWT 19, 44, TMN 2, 130, ÝÑÒß 1, 278-281, Åãîðîâ 28, Ëåêñèêà 298-299, 300-301, Stachowski 127. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*eru"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 plum 2 apricot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëèâà 2 àáðèêîñ | face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k 1, 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k 1, 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u">ri>k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"eru"k (AH) 'peach', o"ru"k (Abush.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o.ri.k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"rik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ori>k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u">ru">k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ierik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"x 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 222, ÝÑÒß 1, 291-292. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.r-kek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 man 2 husband 3 male | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóæ÷èíà 2 ìóæ 3 ñàìåö |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"irke|k 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erkak 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erka"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"hi.rka"k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"irgex 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"i'rxek 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"irka"k 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"rkex 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 297-298, 321-322, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128. We follow Clauson (EDT 223-4) in separating *e:r from *e.r-kek. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*er- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , joke | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîêåòñòâî 2 áàëîâñòâî, ëàñêà 3 èçáàëîâàííûé, ëþáèìûé 4 çàáàâà, øóòêà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erke (dial.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, (dial.) irma"k 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"erka" 1, 3, ermak 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" 3, erma"k 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" (dial.) 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ermek 4 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, erbek 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek, erbek 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@rg@n `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.) | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erg|e 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, irma"k 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 48, ÝÑÒß 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eril/- 'contest' (suggested in ÝÑÒß 297) is dubious. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Erneg | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"edge (of a dish) | face="Times New Roman Star"êðàé, êðîìêà (ïîñóäû) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ernek (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"irna"w | face="Times New Roman Star"ernek (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ern|ek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erdo": | face="Times New Roman Star"ernew |
| face="Times New Roman Star"irne- 'to border' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ernek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 301. The root is attested late and may be theoretically derived from *Erin 'lip' (v. sub *i_a>\re/); however, the latter can also mean 'edge (of a dish)' in some languages and one can suspect that PT actually merged *Erin 'lip' and *Erin 'edge', while the form *Erneg was derived only from the latter. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*es-(ku") | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"old, ancient | face="Times New Roman Star"ñòàðûé | face="Times New Roman Star"eski (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"eski (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"eski, dial. esgi | face="Times New Roman Star"iske | face="Times New Roman Star"eski (Sangl., Pav. C., AH, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski, o"ski |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ski, a"silli 'grown up' | face="Times New Roman Star"esgi |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"eski |
| face="Times New Roman Star"as-lú 'great', az-(-atte, -anne) 'grandfather, grandmother' | face="Times New Roman Star"o"su"k 'ancient times' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"it|ke | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"i_eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski | face="Times New Roman Star"eski |
| face="Times New Roman Star"esgi, eski | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 306-308, Ëåêñèêà 86, EDT 246, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 63-64. Cf. also Turk. *asy- 'old, last year's' (VEWT 29). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.su"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to become drunk | face="Times New Roman Star"ïüÿíåòü, íàïèâàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"esu"r- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"esri- | face="Times New Roman Star"isi>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"esri- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"a"si>r- (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"esre- | face="Times New Roman Star"izi>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ezir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ezir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"itir- | face="Times New Roman Star"itirikte:- 'to rejoice, have a feast' | face="Times New Roman Star"ezir- | face="Times New Roman Star"e`siri- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"esi>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"it|i>r- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"esir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"esir- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 251, VEWT 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 309-310, Stachowski 130. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*el/gek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"donkey | face="Times New Roman Star"îñåë | face="Times New Roman Star"es?gek (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?gek, es?jek (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"is?a"k | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?a"k | face="Times New Roman Star"es?a"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?s?a"k | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?tek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az?ak |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"esek | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"is?a"k | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"ies?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 317-318, TMN 2, 65, EDT 260. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l/it- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to hear | face="Times New Roman Star"ñëûøàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"es?id- (Orkh.), es?it- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"is?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?et-; dial. (Mishar) is?- 'hear' (ÒÒÄÑ 156), (Bar.) is?e|n- 'listen' (ßÁÒ 140) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- (Abush. 63) | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?et- (Kashg., ÓÍÑ 109) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil- | face="Times New Roman Star"is- / ist- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"is?u"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- | face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin- | face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"est- | face="Times New Roman Star"esit- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?et- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?t- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"s?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"esit- | face="Times New Roman Star"is?ti- | face="Times New Roman Star"es?it- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 51, EDT 257-8, ÝÑÒß 1, 318-319, Åãîðîâ 69, Stachowski 123. Note -d- in Runic and the voicing of -t before a vowel in Az. and Turkm. Khak. has two forms of stem (is- and iste-, morphonologically distributed, so that is- < iste-; the same historical process could have occurred with. Ku"a"r. a"s?-, Kach. es?- (R 1, 905); so the only clear evidence for the stem *el/- are Tatar dialectal reflexes (in which case -t may be a causative suffix, see Bang 1925, Zaja,czkowski 1932). Shor este- 'to hear', estel- 'to be heard' do not belong here, being derived from *es > is 'mind, memory', like Mod. Uygh. an|la- 'to hear' < an| 'mind'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Etek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lap, edge of cloth | face="Times New Roman Star"ïîäîë, êðàé îäåæäû |
| face="Times New Roman Star"etek (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"ita"k | face="Times New Roman Star"etek (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"eta"k | face="Times New Roman Star"eta"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ta"k | face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"idek | face="Times New Roman Star"edek | face="Times New Roman Star"edek | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"ta"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"e'dek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"ita"k | face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"ietek | face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"etek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"etek | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 50, VEWT 52, ÝÑÒß 1, 313. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.r/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to scratch, scrape 2 to knead, press 3 to grind, crush 4 to soak, dilute 5 to rub, smear | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñêðåñòè, öàðàïàòü 2 ðàçìèíàòü, äàâèòü 3 òîëî÷ü, ðàñòèðàòü 4 ìî÷èòü, ðàçæèæàòü 5 ðàñòèðàòü, îáìàçûâàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ez- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- (Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"z- 2, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"a"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ir- 2, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"id|- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ez- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 279, ÝÑÒß 1, 235-236, Åãîðîâ 71, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 170. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:c?- (?i:-) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to submit | face="Times New Roman Star"ïîä÷èíÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ic?ik- (Orkh., OUygh.), ec?ik- (Yen.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ec?ik- (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ec?in- 'to repent, regret' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ez?|i:z 'weak, fenceless' | face="Times New Roman Star"is- 'to obey' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 25. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:p- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to swell, swollen (of belly) 2 to become pregnant, pregnant 3 to be arrogant, inflated | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïóõíóòü (î æèâîòå) 2 áåðåìåíåòü, áåðåìåííàÿ 3 ÷âàíèòüñÿ, âàæíè÷àòü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gebe 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@p@r-, k@pr@j- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"gebe 2 (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ga"biz `constipation' | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":be 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kabar 'insatiable, gluttonous' | face="Times New Roman Star"kiebir- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xever- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kebez?|e, keber 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kebez?e 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@p@j- 1, k@pr@j- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gebe 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kep-, gebez?e 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 3, 36. The root is partially confused (and contaminated) with *gebre- 'to die, corpse' (v. sub *ka>pi). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to belch | face="Times New Roman Star"ðûãàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gejir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kiker- | face="Times New Roman Star"gegir- (Pav. C.), kekir- (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"keki(r)- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekirt- (ßÆÓ) | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"jir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kig@r- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kegir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":gu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kagúr- | face="Times New Roman Star"kegert- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"keg|ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"keg|ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kiker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kekir- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, EDT 712, ÝÑÒß 3, 37, Ëåêñèêà 232. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:.mi | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"boat | face="Times New Roman Star"ëîäêà | face="Times New Roman Star"kemi (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kemi (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"gemi | face="Times New Roman Star"kime| | face="Times New Roman Star"keme (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kema | face="Times New Roman Star"kema" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ga"mi | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":mi | face="Times New Roman Star"kime | face="Times New Roman Star"kebe | face="Times New Roman Star"keme |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kim@ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xeme |
| face="Times New Roman Star"keme | face="Times New Roman Star"keme | face="Times New Roman Star"keme | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"ma" | face="Times New Roman Star"keme | face="Times New Roman Star"gemi | face="Times New Roman Star"gemi | face="Times New Roman Star"keme | face="Times New Roman Star"kimo" | face="Times New Roman Star"geme | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251, TMN 3, 668-669, EDT 721-722, ÝÑÒß 3, 37-38. Turk. > Mong. keme (Ùåðáàê 1997, 126). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*gE:ne | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"tick, name of different parasites | face="Times New Roman Star"êëåù, íàçâ. ðàçëè÷íûõ ïàðàçèòîâ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gene, kene |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kana |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ga"na" | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":na" |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kena" |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kene |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251, TMN 3, 615-616, ÝÑÒß 5, 63-64, Ëåêñèêà 183. Voiced *g- and front row vocalism speaks against the theory of Turk. being < Pers. kana (although some forms like Khalaj kana and Turkm. dial. ka":na" may have been influenced by the Persian word - which itself has so far no Iranian etymology and must be regarded as a Turkic loanword). |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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