| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*u:-dy-, *u:-dy-k-la- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to sleep | face="Times New Roman Star"ñïàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"udy- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ud|y- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"uju- | face="Times New Roman Star"joqla- | face="Times New Roman Star"uju- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uxla- | face="Times New Roman Star"uxla- | face="Times New Roman Star"uzu- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u:qla- | face="Times New Roman Star"uzu- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u:_, u:. 'sleep' (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"yjg|ú 'sleep' (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"utuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"utuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"udu- | face="Times New Roman Star"udu- | face="Times New Roman Star"uqta-; ujqu (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujyqta- | face="Times New Roman Star"ujkla- | face="Times New Roman Star"joqla- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|uqla- | face="Times New Roman Star"uju- | face="Times New Roman Star"juxla- | face="Times New Roman Star"ujqyla- | face="Times New Roman Star"ux|la- | face="Times New Roman Star"uju- 'to stiffen' | face="Times New Roman Star"The form *u:dykla- is derived from *u:dyk 'sleepy', derived from *u:dy- 'to sleep', which in its turn is derived from *u: 'sleep' (preserved in Yak., Dolg. u:, Khal. u:). See VEWT 508, EDT 2, 42-3, 46-7, 49, ÝÑÒß 1, 579-581, 586-587, Åãîðîâ 342, Stachowski 247. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*uja | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"nest | face="Times New Roman Star"ãíåçäî | face="Times New Roman Star"uja (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uja (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa | face="Times New Roman Star"oja | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa, uja (AH, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uwa, uga | face="Times New Roman Star"uja, oja 'egg' | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"júw|va | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"oja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"juwa | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa, uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, EDT 267, ÝÑÒß 4, 239, Åãîðîâ 73, Stachowski 242. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ulug | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 big 2 great 3 grown-up, great | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áîëüøîé 2 âåëèêèé 3 âçðîñëûé, êðóïíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"ulug| 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ulug| 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"lke|n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ulug|, uluq 1 (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ulug| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ulu 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"uly 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ulug| 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ulaxan, ulu: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ulakan, ulu: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ulug| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ulug| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uluu 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ulken 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"jken 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"lka"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ullu 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"lken 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 513, 520, TMN 2, 117-118, EDT 136, ÝÑÒß 1, 593-594, 630, Stachowski 242, 243. Turkic languages reveal two variants (*ulug and *u"lken, the latter being represented only in modern languages), probably interrelated. Despite Bang TB X and TMN 2, 118 it is hard to see any relationship between *ulug (hardly *ullug: some modern forms must have secondary gemination here) and *ul 'foundation'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*urug ( ? *or-) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 seed 2 child, girl 3 kin, kind 4 relatives | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñåìÿ 2 ðåáåíîê, äåâî÷êà 3 ðîä, ïëåìÿ 4 ðîäñòâåííèêè | face="Times New Roman Star"urug| (OUygh.) 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"urug| (MK, KB) 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"orlyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"urug| (Sangl.) 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"urug| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uruq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uruG 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|rúw| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uru: 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"uru: 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"urug| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"urug| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"uruq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"u_ryq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"urlyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"orloq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"urluq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uryq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 516, TMN 2, 47, EDT 214-5, ÝÑÒß 1, 604-606, Ëåêñèêà 115-116, 307, 323-324, Stachowski 246. Deriving the word from *ur- 'beat, hit' (VEWT) is of course incorrect. Some forms reflect a variant form *uru-lyk. Turk. > Mong. urug| (see TMN 2, 51, Ùåðáàê 1997, 162). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"fly v. | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåòåòü, ëåòàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (MK,KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"oc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?ux- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?uq- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-, uc?g|ur- | face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|s/- | face="Times New Roman Star"uhun- 'float' | face="Times New Roman Star"uhun- 'float, swim' | face="Times New Roman Star"u's?- | face="Times New Roman Star"u's?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"os- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 509, EDT 19, ÝÑÒß 1, 612-613, Stachowski 241. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ur/y-n, *ur/a-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 long 2 lie; grow 3 far 4 long (time), late | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äëèííûé 2 ëåæàòü; ðàñòè 3 äàëåêèé 4 äîëãèé, ïîçäíèé | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzaq 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1 (MK, KB), uzaq (MK) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzak 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ozyn 1, ozaq 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzo|q 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, ozaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzan- 2, uzaG 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzy:n 1, uzaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzaq 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uza:n- 2, uza:q 3, uzu:.n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|rúw|m 1, vúw|rax 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uhun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uhun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1 uza- 'óäëèíÿòüñÿ' | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzaq 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"u_zu_n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzyn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"od|on 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1, uzaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzyn 1, uzaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"uzyn 1, uzyx| 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"PT *ur/y-n 'long', *ur/a-k 'far, long' are derived from *ur/a- 'to be long, prolonged'. See VEWT 518, EDT 281, 283, 288-9, ÝÑÒß 1, 570-572, Stachowski 241. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u":l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lynx | face="Times New Roman Star"ðûñü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?ek (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?ek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s (tab.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u":s (dial. - Leb.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u":s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s-kis 'sable' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 523, Ùåðáàê 1961, 141, Ðàñ. ÔèË 239, Ëåêñèêà 159, Stachowski 254. The irregular reflex of *l/ in some Siberian languages presupposes tabooistic interlingual borrowings (Tuva < Yak., Shor < Khak.? ). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u":r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"fat | face="Times New Roman Star"æèð |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z (AH), o"z 'clinging mud' (Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jor-var 'ñêîðîìíàÿ ïèùà' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ska"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s 'liquid fat' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s 'liquid fat' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 278-279, VEWT 523, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 154, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 491, Ëåêñèêà 454-455. Chuv. va- points to a long *u":-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u"l/i- (/*u"li-) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to freeze, congeal 2 to blow (of a cold wind) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çàìåðçàòü 2 äóòü (î õîëîäíîì âåòðå) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?i- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?i- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?e- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Kypch. u"s?i- (CCum.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"-, dial. u"s?i- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. u"s?i:- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"-, uc?u- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z?u"- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"vas?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"lu"j- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"'z?u"- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?i- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"si- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"si- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?o"- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"si- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 523, ÝÑÒß 1, 644-645, EDT 256-247, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 154. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kab- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to unite, bring together 2 be brought together | face="Times New Roman Star"1 îáúåäèíÿòü, ñîáèðàòü 2 ñîáèðàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"qavyr- 1 (OUygh.), qavys?- 2 (Yen., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qavur- 1 (MK, KB), qavys?- 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kavus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qavus?- 2 (Qutb, Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|wus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qavus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Govus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Govur- 1, Govus?- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qabyr- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"> Danube Bulg. koubraton 'collector, unifier (of lands)' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xavyr- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xabyr- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo:s?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qavus?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 216, EDT 585, 588, ÝÑÒß 6, 14-16. OT also has quvra- 'come together, assemble', with a rather strange vocalism (see EDT 586 - but modern forms like qura- are not related, being borrowed from Mong. qura-, qurija-). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.dy | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"pine tree | face="Times New Roman Star"ñîñíà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xara-xazy |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xyrú | face="Times New Roman Star"kytyan 'juniper' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xady | face="Times New Roman Star"xady |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 291-292, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 179. Most languages reflect the compound *Kara-ka.dy (borrowed in Mong. as qarag|ai 'larch'). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)aja | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 rock 2 mountain 3 slope | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñêàëà 2 ãîðà 3 ñêëîí | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja (Houts., AH, Ettuhf., Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|je| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qija 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gaja 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. Ga:ja, Gaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1, qyja 3 ('oblique slope' - through contamination with *kyj- 'oblique') |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaja 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyja 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 221, TMN 3, 565, EDT 674-5, ÝÑÒß 5, 198-199, Ëåêñèêà 96, Stachowski 133. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kiam | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 shaman 2 to shamanize, come into movement | face="Times New Roman Star"1 øàìàí 2 êàìëàòü, ïðèõîäèòü â äâèæåíèå | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1, qamla- 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qam (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1 (Sib.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1 (AH, IM, Pav. C.), qamla- 2 (Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xam 1, xamna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qam 1, qamda- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jomús/, jumúz/@ 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xam-na:- (xam-sa:-) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kamna:- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xam 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamz|y 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, TMN 3, 402-406, ÝÑÒß 5, 240-241, Åãîðîâ 348-349, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 486, Stachowski 136. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kia:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"blood | face="Times New Roman Star"êðîâü | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|n | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"Gan | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:n | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:n | face="Times New Roman Star"jon | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:n | face="Times New Roman Star"ka:n | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga(:)n | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, TMN 3, 360-361, EDT 629-630, ÝÑÒß 5, 251, Åãîðîâ 349, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 486, Stachowski 142. Turk. > WMong. qana- 'to let bleed' (KW 166, TMN 3, 361, Ùåðáàê 1997, 133). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:jnat | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 wing 2 fin | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûëî 2 ïëàâíèê | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (OUygh.- YB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (Abush., MA) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qano|t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qejnat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ganad, ga"na"d (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:nat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2, qanar 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/onat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kynat, kyj yat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kynat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (Kakuk,ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, TMN 3, 518, EDT 635, ÝÑÒß 5, 252-253, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 137, Ëåêñèêà 149-150, Stachowski 168. Initial s/- in Chuv. is unclear (effect of *-j-?). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kia:r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"snow | face="Times New Roman Star"ñíåã | face="Times New Roman Star"qar (Orkh., Yenis., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qar (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar (Sangl., Qutb., Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|r | face="Times New Roman Star"qar, qaa |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gar | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:r | face="Times New Roman Star"xar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jor | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:r | face="Times New Roman Star"ka:r | face="Times New Roman Star"xar | face="Times New Roman Star"xar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qar |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 284-285, EDT 641, VEWT 235, Åãîðîâ 350, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 490, Ëåêñèêà 27, Stachowski 142. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)aryl/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"span | face="Times New Roman Star"ïÿäü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"karys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? (Pav. C., Houts., AH, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|ris? | face="Times New Roman Star"g|eric?, dial. g|eris? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Garys? | face="Times New Roman Star"Garys? | face="Times New Roman Star"xarys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xarys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"xarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarys? | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 324-326, EDT 663. External evidence suggests that the original meaning was 'elbow, cubit' [in fact attested for qarys? in Chag. Abushka, but some argue that this is just a script error], with the opposition *K(i)ary 'large measure (cubit) : *K(i)aryl/ 'small measure (span)'. But the former completely merged later with the reflexes of *Kary 'arm' (v. sub *ga\ra/). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)a:l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"eyebrow; edge, bank; saddle bow | face="Times New Roman Star"áðîâü; êðàé, áåðåã; ëóêà ñåäëà | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kas? (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? (Sangl., Pav. C., Abush.), qas? (CCum.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|s? | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gas? | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:s? | face="Times New Roman Star"xas | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:s | face="Times New Roman Star"ka:s | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? | face="Times New Roman Star"xas? | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? | face="Times New Roman Star"qas | face="Times New Roman Star"qas | face="Times New Roman Star"qas? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qas? | face="Times New Roman Star"qas |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qas? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 669, VEWT 240, TMN 3, 389, ÝÑÒß 5, 343-345, Ëåêñèêà 211-212, 542, Stachowski 143. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:dyn | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"relative-in-law | face="Times New Roman Star"ñâîéñòâåííèê | face="Times New Roman Star"qadyn (Yenis., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qad|yn (MK, KB), qadyn (KB), qajyn (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kajyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn (Pav. C., MA, Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|jin | face="Times New Roman Star"qejin |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gajyn | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:jyn | face="Times New Roman Star"xazyn/ xasty | face="Times New Roman Star"qazyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xon/ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaty | face="Times New Roman Star"xatty | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn | face="Times New Roman Star"qajny |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qajyn | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 218, ÝÑÒß 5, 215-216, Ëåêñèêà 309, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 358. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an|-(yr)- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 nose 2 to snuffle 3 beak, snout 4 parched nose (phras.) 5 nose bridge | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íîñ 2 ãíóñàâèòü 3 êëþâ, ìîðäà 4 ïåðåñîõøèé (î íîñå) 5 ïåðåíîñèöà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|raq `palate' (MK - ÄÒÑ) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ryq, qarq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gan|s?yravuq 'nasal cavity', Gon|ursa- 'to reek' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq (Tel.) (R II, 82); qon|yr 5 (R II 521), Tel. (Âåðá.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xan|ynaj- 2; xon|uru:, xan|yry: 5 (Ïåê.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 3, xa:s? 'nasal', qon|zan| 'crook-nosed' | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq 4, qon|ursu- 'to reek' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|g|yryq (dial.) 'hard palate' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"The root is no doubt archaic, although not widely attested. On its modern reflexes see VEWT 232, Ëåêñèêà 215-216 (some of the listed forms are < Mong., but certainly not all.), ÝÑÒß 6, 66. |
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cet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
