face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (MK, KB), du"n, tu"n 'night, dark' (IM)
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du"n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (Abush.), 'dark' (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tune, tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"du"na"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du":n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, 'dark'
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n
face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tun, tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 505, EDT 513, ЭСТЯ 3, 315-316, Лексика 81, Stachowski 236. Cf. also Yak. tu"n| 'dark, darkness' (< *tu"n-Vk). The variant *du":n, reflected in some languages, is obviously due to a secondary influence of *du":l/ 'dream' (v. sub *t`u:l/ke), as well as the archaic compound *tu"-gu"n 'yesterday' (*'that day'), preserved in: Tur. dial. du"hu"n, SUygh. tugyn, Tuva, Tof. du":n.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 caul 2 virgin's hymen 3 scrotum 4 bladder 5 afterbirth
face="Times New Roman Star"1 оболочка плода 2 девственная плева 3 мошонка 4 пузырь 5 послед
face="Times New Roman Star"qap (MK) 1, qapaq (MK) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qapc?yq 3, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"qabyc?aq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qapc?yq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pc?ek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"xapc?yq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 578, 583; ЭСТЯ 5, 266-267 (the root should be probably distinguished from the homonymous *Ka:p 'sack, cover' q. v. sub *k[a:]p`a/).
face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5 208-209, EDT 674. Stachowski 137 adds Yak. xajys-, Dolg. kan/ys- '(to turn and) look around', which would change the reconstruction to *KAn/-; however, there are no other traces of a nasal in the root, and the comparison looks somewhat dubious.
face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 2, 3, c?a"rda"k-la"- 'to hew'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"rt- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"sirte- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?irte- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s/art 'a dent for inserting bottom into banded vessels'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 3, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"sirt- 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 'to mark'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 1, 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 105, EDT 428, Федотов 2, 87-88. The semantic development here is 'to make notches, indents' > 'break the edge', 'pinch' (whence 'to click with fingers') - not onomatopoetic, as suggested by Clauson.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to unite, bring together 2 be brought together
face="Times New Roman Star"1 объединять, собирать 2 собираться
face="Times New Roman Star"qavyr- 1 (OUygh.), qavys?- 2 (Yen., OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qavur- 1 (MK, KB), qavys?- 2 (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"kavus?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qavus?- 2 (Qutb, Бор. Бад.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qo|wus?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qavus?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"Govus?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"Govur- 1, Govus?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qabyr- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"> Danube Bulg. koubraton 'collector, unifier (of lands)'
face="Times New Roman Star"xavyr- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"xabyr- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qo:s?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qawys?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qaus?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qavus?- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qawys- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 216, EDT 585, 588, ЭСТЯ 6, 14-16. OT also has quvra- 'come together, assemble', with a rather strange vocalism (see EDT 586 - but modern forms like qura- are not related, being borrowed from Mong. qura-, qurija-).
face="Times New Roman Star"sora- 1, sorag|aq 'search, perquisition' (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"s?yra- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 816. Федотов 2, 466-467 derives the Chuv. form < *so:r(a)- 'ask' (v. sub *so:/ra), but the initial s?- remains unclear in both cases. Because of this, and because of the Hapax nature of the OT form the it is actually not quite clear whether the root *sogra- exists at all. An argument in its favour is the semantic match between OT and Chagatai and the resulting semantic distinction (*'search (through)') from *so:r(a)- 'ask'.
face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan, bag|ylan 'lamb that has stopped suckling', bag|yldyr 'wild lamb, 1-year-old mountain goat'
face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan 'a well-fed early lamb'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 55, Лексика 390. The Kypchak form bag|lan 'lamb' has hardly anything to do with Tat., Kaz. baqlan 'cormorant' (despite TMN 2, 298, Аникин 112).
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|ur 2, dial. bug|u 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|u 1, bug|ra, bug|ur 2 (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|u 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|u 1, (dial.) bug|ra, bog|ra 2
face="Times New Roman Star"pyrg|a 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|ur 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|ra 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bura 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bu:r 'male reindeer, male'
face="Times New Roman Star"bu:r 'male reindeer'
face="Times New Roman Star"bu:ra 2, bu:r 'male elk'
face="Times New Roman Star"bu:ra 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bura 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bora 2
face="Times New Roman Star"bu: 1
face="Times New Roman Star"buwra 2
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 317-318, ЭСТЯ 2, 235-238, Лексика 152, Лексика 446-447, Stachowski 67. Turk. bugura > Mong. bug|ura (see TMN 2, 296, Щербак 1997, 110). Щербак 1997, 201 considers Turkic *bugu to be borrowed from Mongolian bug|u 'male deer' (which may be true for some Kypchak forms: Kirgh. bug|u, Kaz. bu>g|y, Nogh., KKalp. bug|y), but in fact one can also think of a loan in the opposite direction: Turk. > Mong. bug|u (KW 58, MGCD 166), further > Evk. bug|u etc., see Doerfer MT 78. Turk. > Russ. Siber. bura/ 'female camel'; Mong. (Bur.) bu:ra > Russ. Siber. bu/ra id., see Аникин 142.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 deer, male maral 2 large bovine
face="Times New Roman Star"1 олень, марал 2 корова, крупный рогатый скот
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|un 1 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|un 1, syg|yr 2 (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:n 1, sy:r 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syjyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sug|un, sojg|un (Pav. C.), syg|yn (AH), syjyn (Ettuhf.) 1, syg|yr (AH) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sujg|un 1 (dial.), sigir 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sigir, sijir 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sug|un, sog|un 1
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yn 1, syg|yr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"su:g|un 1, syg|yr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"su:n, syg|yn 1
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"syjyr 2 (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"syjyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syjyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"hyjyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:r 2
face="Times New Roman Star"suvun 1, syjyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"suwyn 1, syjyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syxyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yr, syjyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 811, 814-815, VEWT 414, 415, Лексика 152-153, 435, ЭСТЯ 7. The forms of the syg|un type most probably go back to *sygy-gun - which may explain both the Turkm. length (su:g|un) and forms like Chag. sojg|un.