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face="Times New Roman Star"*c?om- / *c?o"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to dive 2 to swim 3 to scoop 4 to immerse, dip 5 scoop | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîãðóæàòüñÿ, íûðÿòü 2 ïëàâàòü, êóïàòüñÿ 3 ÷åðïàòü 4 îêóíàòü 5 ÷åðïàê, êîâø | face="Times New Roman Star"c?om- = c?o"m- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?om-, c?o"m- 1 (MK), c?o"mc?e 5 (MK Oghuz) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"mc?e 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?um- 1, c?u"mec? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?om- 1 (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u.m-(mo|q) 1, c?u.mic? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?om-, c?om-ul- (pass.) 1, c?o"mu"c? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?omys? 5 (ßÆÓ) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"mc?a" 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"som- 1,2, somnax 'spoon' | face="Times New Roman Star"s?om- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"m- 1, 4, c?omyjaq 'pannier made of birch bark' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?úw|m- 1 ( < Tat.?; c?úm 'jar' may be < Pers., see Ôåäîòîâ 2, 401) | face="Times New Roman Star"som-us- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s?ym-yn- (refl.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?om- 1, s?omuq 'a small trough made of birch bark' | face="Times New Roman Star"c?omul-/c?o"mu"l- 1, 2, c?o"mu"- 1, c?o"mo"- 4, c?o"mu"c? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?om-yl- (pass.) 1, 2, s?o"mis? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?om-yl- (pass.) 1, 2, s?omaqa , s?o"mis? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"sumy- 1, su"mes 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"mu"c? 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"(K) c?o"m- 1, (T) c?om- 1, 2, (H) com- 1, 'to flow'; (K) c?omyc?, (T) c?o"mu"c? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?om-yl- (pass.) 1, 2, s?o"mis? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?um- (c?o"m-) 1, 2 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?om- 4, c?omuc? 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 115, TMN 3, 95-99, EDT 422, Åãîðîâ 319. Cf. also *c?amc?ak / -y- 'big spoon' (VEWT 98; < *c?om-c?ak?). Various forms meaning 'to squat' may belong here as well (cf.: Tur. c?o"mel-, Az. c?o"ma"l-, Gag. c?o"mel-, Turkm. c?ommal-, Tat. c?u"ma"s?-, Kaz. s?o"mej-, KBalk. c?o"mel- ('trip over'; cf. also c?o"mel-t- 'to turn over; dip someone into water'), with a secondary semantic development ('dip, dive' > 'fall or sit down, squat'); cf. similar semantic shifts in PT *c?o"k-. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*do":l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"breast | face="Times New Roman Star"ãðóäü | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? (Pav. C., MKypch. - CCum., AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"do":s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"l-l@k 'ñóïîíü' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"o"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"o"s | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?, Todzh. do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, TMN 2, 615, EDT 558, ÝÑÒß 3, 286-287, Åãîðîâ 326, Ëåêñèêà 271-272, Stachowski 235. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)e:.n-c?ik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 shin, shank 2 shin bone 3 boot-top strap 4 heel | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãîëåíü 2 êîñòü ãîëåíè 3 ðåìåøêè äëÿ ïîäòÿãèâàíèÿ ãîëåíèù 4 ïÿòêà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jinz?|ik 2 (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jinz?|ik 1 (ÊÑÒÒ) | face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ik 'cou de pied' (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i:nz?|ik 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"enz?|ik 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"enc?ik 4 (Leb.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"inn/ia"x 1 (Ïåê. 1941) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"inc?ik 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jensek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"inc?ik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"inc?ik, inz?|ik 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ix ãîëåíü (ÑÑß) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 172, 203, Ëåêñèêà 286. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"l- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 shadow 2 to shadow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 òåíü 2 äàâàòü òåíü, çàòåíÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"- (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge, ko"lge (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lege (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.lke|, ku.le|ke| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le|n|ge|, ko"lige| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lga" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lge 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le- 2, ko"lek 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"- 2, ko"lo"n|o" 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ko" 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"letke 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"len|ke 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288-289, 294, EDT 716-718, ÝÑÒß 5, 96-97, 128, Stachowski 164. Should be distinguished from *Ko"l/- 'to screen' (v. sub *ge:\l/a). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*to:r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"dust | face="Times New Roman Star"ïûëü | face="Times New Roman Star"toz (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"toz (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"tuzan | face="Times New Roman Star"toz (Sangl.), tos (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.zo|n | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"tos | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"to:z, tozan | face="Times New Roman Star"tozyn | face="Times New Roman Star"tozun | face="Times New Roman Star"tozyn |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"tozan | face="Times New Roman Star"tud|an |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to:z | face="Times New Roman Star"toz | face="Times New Roman Star"toz |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 492, EDT 580-1, Ëåêñèêà 99-100. Cf. also Yak. tor 'soot'. Despite Ëåêñèêà, the stem tozan is rather not a deverbative in -g|an from the verb toz- (cf. the absence of any traces of -g|-), but a denominative (like er - eren); this would explain the lack of length in Turkm. This may also be a noun in -n derived from a denominative verb in -à- (Turkm. toza- 'to become dusty', also without length). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"tear | face="Times New Roman Star"ñëåçà | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? | face="Times New Roman Star"je|s? | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (AH, Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jo|s? | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? | face="Times New Roman Star"jas | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? | face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s? | face="Times New Roman Star"c?as |
| face="Times New Roman Star"d/as? | face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s? | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/-s/ol |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?as? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as? | face="Times New Roman Star"z?as | face="Times New Roman Star"jas | face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jas? | face="Times New Roman Star"z?as | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? | face="Times New Roman Star"jas? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 192, EDT 975-976, Àøì. VII, 32, ÝÑÒß 4, 161-163 (because of external evidence should be distinguished both from *ja:l' 'age' and *ja:l' 'fresh, green'). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*To:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to become lean, hungry 2 lean, hungry | face="Times New Roman Star"1 îòîùàòü, ïðîãîëîäàòüñÿ 2 òîùèé, ãîëîäíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"turuq 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu:r- (o:?) 1 (MK), turuq 1 (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"turg|un 'fatigue/' (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toryg| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tor 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toryn- (Âåðá. - Tel.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tuor- 1, tuor 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dor- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toruq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"toryq- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"torma 2 (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489, EDT 530, 539, Clark 1977, 157. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*sEr/- (?-e:-) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to feel, understand 2 doubt | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ÷óâñòâîâàòü, ïîíèìàòü, âîñïðèíèìàòü 2 ñîìíåíèå |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sez- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"siz- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sa"z- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"seza(wa:r) | face="Times New Roman Star"sis- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ses- 1, ses 'understanding' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sezik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sezik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1, sez 'feeling' | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hid|- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sez- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 413, EDT 860-861, ÝÑÒß 7. Turk. sezik > WMong. sesig (but sez?|ig is probably genuine, see under *sa\z?|V). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"nit | face="Times New Roman Star"ãíèäà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sirke (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"si>rke| | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"si>rke| | face="Times New Roman Star"si>(r)ka" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sirka" | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"si>rge |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"sirka" | face="Times New Roman Star"s?úrga |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sirge | face="Times New Roman Star"si'rxe | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"si>rke | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"hi>rka" | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"sirka" | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"sirke |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sirke | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 423, EDT 850, Ëåêñèêà 182, ÝÑÒß 7. Turk. > Hung. serke, see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 523-524. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*du":l/ (/*du":l) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"dream | face="Times New Roman Star"ñîí | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"l; tu"s?e- 'to dream' (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?; tu"s?e- 'to dream' (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s?, dial. tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"dus? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?, c?u"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"du":s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"t@w|l@w|k | face="Times New Roman Star"tu":l; tu"he:- 'to dream' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu":l; tu"he:- 'to dream' | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tel | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 507, TMN 3, 211, EDT 559, 561, 490, ÝÑÒß 3, 323-324, Stachowski 234, 236. See also Ro/na-Tas 1972 on Old Uyghur tu"lek 'supernatural power'. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*buc?-uk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"half | face="Times New Roman Star"ïîëîâèíà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"byc?uq (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"buc?uk |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buc?uq (Sangl., MKypch. - AH) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 85, EDT 294, ÝÑÒß 2, 283-284. Usually regarded as derived from *byc?- 'to cut', which is dubious in the light of external evidence. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*tubn/a-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hoof | face="Times New Roman Star"êîïûòî |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tujag| (MK), tujnaq (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"dujnak | face="Times New Roman Star"tojaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tuwaq (Sangl., Abush.), (MKypch.) tujaq (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"tujo|q | face="Times New Roman Star"tuwaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujag|, tyjyg| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tojnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujg|ax | face="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tujax | face="Times New Roman Star"tun/ak | face="Times New Roman Star"dujug| | face="Times New Roman Star"dujug| (Ðàñ. ÔèË), tujug| | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tojaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq, dojnaq (< Turkm.) | face="Times New Roman Star"c'ynag| (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 499-500, EDT 519, Ëåêñèêà 147, Stachowski 230. Chag., Uygh. tuwaq point to a labial *-b- in the stem, while Yak. -j- and -j- in other languages - to *-n/-: these reflexes can only be reconciled if we accept a cluster like *-bn/- in the protoform (perhaps a contraction < *tupi-nak or sim.). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)amak / *K(i)apak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 forehead 2 front part 3 eyelid 4 eyebrow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ëîá 2 ïåðåäíÿÿ ÷àñòü 3 âåêî 4 áðîâü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kabak 'bald', dial. kabag 1, 2, 'face', 'skull' | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z qabag|y 3, dial. taw qabag|y 'mountain slope' | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 1, 2 (Sangl., Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|vo|q 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qawaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qavaq 'nose bridge' (ßÆÓ) | face="Times New Roman Star"GabaG 2, (poet.) 'face' | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:baG 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xamax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qamaq, qabaq 4, dial. 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xavaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'pitfall' | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'place under the forehead; edge of shore' | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'precipice' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 3, 'cleft' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"z qabag|y 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, ÝÑÒß 5, 161, Ëåêñèêà 199-200. An extremely complicated case: forms meaning 'eyelid' are traditionally analysed as derived from *Kap- 'to cover' - but the Turkm., Uzb. and Uygh. forms clearly contradict such a derivation by displaying unmistakable vowel length. A trace of the original meaning 'forehead, eyebrow' (later shifted to 'eyelid') in the Kypchak languages (not distinguishing vowel length) may be found in expressions meaning 'to frown (one's forehead, eyebrows)': Kirgh. qabaq tu"j-, bu"rko"-, Kaz., KKalp. qabaq tu"j-. The form *Ka:pak may have been additionally influenced by PT *Ka:p 'sack; to surround' (v. sub *k[a:]p`a/), *Ka:p(ak) 'caul, hymen' (v. sub *k`a:p`a/). The variation of *-m- and -p- (cf. the archaic Siberian reflexes with -m-) is parallelled by a similar variation in TM and Japanese and may reflect an original cluster, but may have been an innovation due to the contaminations with *Kap- and *Ka:p. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:(j)t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to go (away) | face="Times New Roman Star"óõîäèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ket/d|- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"git- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.t- (Abush., Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"t- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"git- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kajt- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"Gi:/i- (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 258, EDT 701, ÝÑÒß 3, 39-40, 49-50. Vowel length can be reconstructed on indirect evidence (voicing -t- > -d- in forms like Az. gedis? 'going away' etc.). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:b- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to chew | face="Times New Roman Star"æåâàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kev- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gev- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?a"- | face="Times New Roman Star"kevis? 'cud' (MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kaws?a- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"js?i- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ju"s? 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":vu"-s? 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"kipse-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"kepz?e-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"keps?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka":vis? 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"kavle- | face="Times New Roman Star"kebi:- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kegz?e-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"kegz?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-s?-o"- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jis 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jze- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jo"s? 'cud' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gevs?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vs?e-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"jse- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?a"- | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"js?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 244, EDT 687, ÝÑÒß 3, 5-7. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*eme | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 female 2 old woman | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñàìêà 2 ñòàðóõà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oma (MK "Tibetan") 1 (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. eme 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dial. a"ma" 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ama 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"eme 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 42, ÝÑÒß 220, Åãîðîâ 25, EDT 156 (a "nursery" word, spread also in other Altaic languages). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAlak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ankle 2 trouser leg 3 foot sole | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ùèêîëîòêà 2 øòàíèíà 3 ñòîïà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"balaG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2; 'bird's foot' | face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"balaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 59, TMN 2, 312, ÝÑÒß 2, 51, Ëåêñèêà 478. Turk. > Russ. Siber. bala/ki (Pl.) (Àíèêèí 114). [The latter contains a mistake: balaq 'ïàõè' is not attested in Kirgh. - it is found in Radloff marked as Kirgh., which means Kazakh. Modern Kazakh dictionaries do not note this meaning; according to the ÊÒÒÑ (1, 86) it means `a trouser leg from the knee downwards; horse's ankle; part of bird's leg from the knee down to the ankle'. In Kirgh. a related stem may be balak-ta- 'to hang loose (of clothes, particularly of wide trouser legs)'.] |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kon|ur | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"red-brown, dark brown | face="Times New Roman Star"ðûæåâàòî-áóðûé, òåìíîêîðè÷íåâûé |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kon|gur , gog|ur (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qon|g|yr | face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur (IM), qon|g|ur (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qu.n|g|ir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qon|yr | face="Times New Roman Star"Gonur | face="Times New Roman Star"Gon|ur | face="Times New Roman Star"xo:r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qon|yr |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|múw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"qon|or |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo:r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur | face="Times New Roman Star"qon|yr | face="Times New Roman Star"qon|yr | face="Times New Roman Star"qun|yr | face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur | face="Times New Roman Star"qomur |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qon|yr |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 280-1, TMN 3, 525, EDT 639, ÝÑÒß 6, 62-65. |
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:ta- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to stick into 2 nail | face="Times New Roman Star"1 âîíçàòü(ñÿ) 2 ãâîçäü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kada- 1, kadak 2 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- (Abush., Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qado|q 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qatag| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"GadaG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gadaq 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xudav 2 (Anatri) | face="Times New Roman Star"xata:- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kata:- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadag| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qado: 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1, qadaq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qada- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217-8, ÝÑÒß 5, 180-182, TMN 3, 420-422, Àøì. XIV, 257, Stachowski 141. Because of the lack of ancient attestation one cannot exclude a borrowing < Mong. (although the variant qadag|a is very poorly represented there, and may itself be borrowed < Turk.). |
face="Times New Roman Star"*a>ja- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to esteem 2 to pity, look after 3 very | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïî÷èòàòü 2 áåðå÷ü, æàëåòü 3 î÷åíü, ñèëüíî | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 1, ajy 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- (MK) 1, 2, ajy 3 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"aj- 2, aja- dial. 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 1 (Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aji- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ajin 'cult, ceremony' | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2, aj 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 (in ajaba:n 'remorseless') |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"oja- 'to care' |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"aj 'well' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 10-11, EDT 267-8, ÝÑÒß 1, 101-102, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 298. Deriving *aja- 'to respect, esteem' from *aj 'fear' (VEWT 11) is hardly plausible. Clauson (EDT 182) thinks that OUygh. ajy 'very' is an unusually early example of the elision of -g in an/yg| 'evil', which means 'very' in many OUygh. texts, but this is hardly plausible phonetically; so it may belong here, together with Khak. aj 'very' (although the final narrow y is a problem). Sevortyan relates here also SUygh. ajyg| 'good omen, good luck', but this may be a reflex of OUygh., Karakh. ajyq 'vow, promise' (EDT 270). |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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