face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|m- 'ìàõàòü, çàìàõèâàòüñÿ'
face="Times New Roman Star"xa:mp- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ka:m- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 228, EDT 625; Stachowski 142. The connection of OT qam- and Yak. qa:mp- is rather problematic, but possible (we are not aware of other etymologies). For the Yak. word cf. perhaps Bur. xamby 'packtrain, caravan'.
face="Times New Roman Star"sol- 1, solúm 'heaviness'
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"hal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sal- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 397, EDT 824, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 57, ÝÑÒß 7. Several derivatives with a velar suffix are used in Turk. for denoting downward motion or hanging: cf. OT salyg| 'taxes', Kirgh. salyq 'taxes; hanging down, limp'; SUygh. salyg| 'heavy'; Tur. salky 'weak, lax', Kirgh. salqy, Uzb. so|lqi- 'be loose, hang down' (see TMN 3, 265-266, ÝÑÒß 7).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to peck 2 to delve, dig 3 to pick at 4 to stab 5 to pick (eyes) 6 pitfall, delve
face="Times New Roman Star"1 êëåâàòü 2 äîëáèòü, êîïàòü 3 êîâûðÿòü 4 çàêàëûâàòü 5 âûêàëûâàòü (ãëàçà) 6 ðûòâèíà, óãëóáëåíèå
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq- 4 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq- 'to rush at the prey (of a bird)' (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oku- 1, c?ukur 6
face="Times New Roman Star"c?uqy- 1, c?oqy- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o/uqu- (Sangl., Pav. C. (5)); c?uqur 6 (Sangl.; starting with Old Kypch.); c?ux-la- 3 (MA 137)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u.qi- 1, c?uqu-la- 2, 3, c?uqur 6
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqu- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?uxur 6
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq- 1, c?uqanaq, c?uxur 6
face="Times New Roman Star"sox-la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqu- 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqu- 1, c?uqu- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"s?oqy- 1, s?uqy- 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"s?oqy- 1, s?uqy- 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"suqy- 1, soqo- 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?uqur 6
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq- 'to sting', c?og|y- 1 (K), c?/ñuqu/yr 6
face="Times New Roman Star"s?oqy- 1, s?uqy- 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqu- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 114, 119, EDT 406. Kypchak languages suggest a distinction between *c?oky- 'to peck' and *c?uky- 'to dig, delve', absent elsewhere, and possibly a result of interdialectal loans.
face="Times New Roman Star"c?am-la- 'to speak with disgust' (R, Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?`imig 'badly'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?am (dial., R) 4, c?am-da-l- (dial., R) 5
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ammal-tur- 'to look nervous, angry'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?am-da-n- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"s?am 'that which causes offence', s?am-da-n- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"s?am-la-n- 6
face="Times New Roman Star"c?am 'joke, mockery', c?am-la-n- 6
face="Times New Roman Star"s?am-la-n- 5, s?am-s?yl 'resentful, sensitive'
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 421-422, 423, VEWT 98, D-T 97. At least part of the forms may ultimately have a Chinese source (MC z|.a".m 'slander'). Cf. also c?aman 'lazy horse, dog'; Tur. c?amura jat- 'to decline from paying a debt' (slang; lit. 'to lie down in dirt' - perhaps a reanalysis based on the analogy with c?amur 'dirt', cf. also c?amur (metaph.) 'low, humble').
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|ry (AH, IM) 2, sag|ri (Pav. C.) 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|ri 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|ra 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|yr
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|ry 2
face="Times New Roman Star"saGry 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"su:ru, su:ry
face="Times New Roman Star"súran 'worked leather of bovines'
face="Times New Roman Star"so:ru 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sawyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sawyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"hawyr
face="Times New Roman Star"sawry 2, sawyr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"savru, sawury 2
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 815, VEWT 393, Ëåêñèêà 385-386, Äûáî 119, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 30 (but with another etymology), ÝÑÒß 7. Bulg. *suran is the probable source of Tat. suran and Mong. sur(an) 'leather strap' - whence Manchu sur 'strap'.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , joke
face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîêåòñòâî 2 áàëîâñòâî, ëàñêà 3 èçáàëîâàííûé, ëþáèìûé 4 çàáàâà, øóòêà
face="Times New Roman Star"erke (dial.) 3
face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, (dial.) irma"k 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"erka" 1, 3, ermak 4
face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" 3, erma"k 4
face="Times New Roman Star"a"rka" (dial.) 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ermek 4 (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, erbek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek, erbek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"j@rg@n `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.)
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erg|e 2
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3
face="Times New Roman Star"irka" 3, irma"k 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3, ermek 4
face="Times New Roman Star"erke 3
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 48, ÝÑÒß 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eril/- 'contest' (suggested in ÝÑÒß 297) is dubious.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 knee cap 2 knee 3 ankle-bone
face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëåííàÿ ÷àøå÷êà 2 êîëåíî 3 ëîäûæêà
face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (MK), 1 (KB, IM)
face="Times New Roman Star"topuk 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) topuq (Houts., AH) 3
face="Times New Roman Star"to.piq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"to:q 1
face="Times New Roman Star"topuG 3
face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tomyx 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dowuq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"to'puq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489, EDT 437-8, Ëåêñèêà 286, Stachowski 224. Both Ra"sa"nen and Clauson derive this word from PT *top 'pellet, round thing', but this is not likely because of external evidence.
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k, u"zu"k, ezik, izik 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zik 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 986, VEWT 214, TMN 2, 146,147-148, ÝÑÒß 1, 623-625, 4, 260, 261-262, Åãîðîâ 212, Ëåêñèêà 548-549, Stachowski 115. Turk. > Hung. gyu/ /ru? (see Lig. MNyTK 77-79). The reason of *j- > 0- in the PT name of "stirrup" ( < *"ring-formed") is unclear (irregular change in a long form?).